NSG 300 FINAL EXAM: FOUNDATIONS
OF PROFESSIONAL NURSING
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs,
despite life-threatening anemia. The nurse supports this decision. Which ethical principle is
being demonstrated?
A. Autonomy
B. Justice
C. Beneficence
D. Non-maleficence
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of the patient to make their own
decisions regarding their health care, even if those decisions conflict with the medical
team’s recommendations.
,2. Which nursing theorist developed the ‘Self-Care Deficit Theory’, emphasizing that nursing is
required when an individual is unable to meet their own self-care needs?
A. Dorothea Orem
B. Jean Watson
C. Florence Nightingale
D. Virginia Henderson
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Dorothea Orem’s theory focuses on the patient’s ability to
perform self-care and the nurse’s role in intervening when there is a deficit.
3. In the PICO(T) format for evidence-based practice, what does the ‘I’ represent?
A. Intervention
B. Implementation
C. Identification
D. Interpretation
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: In PICO(T), I stands for Intervention or Issue of Interest, which
is the specific treatment or action being studied.
, 4. According to Benner’s Stages of Clinical Competence, a nurse who has been in the same
clinical position for 2 to 3 years and begins to see actions in terms of long-range goals is at
which level?
A. Novice
B. Advanced Beginner
C. Proficient
D. Competent
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A Competent nurse has usually been in the same job for 2-3
years and can prioritize tasks based on conscious, deliberate planning and long-term goals.
5. Which of the following is considered a ‘Secondary’ level of prevention?
A. Administering an influenza vaccine
B. Performing a scoliosis screening for middle school students
C. Teaching a diabetic patient how to self-administer insulin
D. Referring a patient to a stroke rehabilitation center
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and screening
of diseases before they become symptomatic.
OF PROFESSIONAL NURSING
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs,
despite life-threatening anemia. The nurse supports this decision. Which ethical principle is
being demonstrated?
A. Autonomy
B. Justice
C. Beneficence
D. Non-maleficence
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of the patient to make their own
decisions regarding their health care, even if those decisions conflict with the medical
team’s recommendations.
,2. Which nursing theorist developed the ‘Self-Care Deficit Theory’, emphasizing that nursing is
required when an individual is unable to meet their own self-care needs?
A. Dorothea Orem
B. Jean Watson
C. Florence Nightingale
D. Virginia Henderson
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Dorothea Orem’s theory focuses on the patient’s ability to
perform self-care and the nurse’s role in intervening when there is a deficit.
3. In the PICO(T) format for evidence-based practice, what does the ‘I’ represent?
A. Intervention
B. Implementation
C. Identification
D. Interpretation
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: In PICO(T), I stands for Intervention or Issue of Interest, which
is the specific treatment or action being studied.
, 4. According to Benner’s Stages of Clinical Competence, a nurse who has been in the same
clinical position for 2 to 3 years and begins to see actions in terms of long-range goals is at
which level?
A. Novice
B. Advanced Beginner
C. Proficient
D. Competent
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A Competent nurse has usually been in the same job for 2-3
years and can prioritize tasks based on conscious, deliberate planning and long-term goals.
5. Which of the following is considered a ‘Secondary’ level of prevention?
A. Administering an influenza vaccine
B. Performing a scoliosis screening for middle school students
C. Teaching a diabetic patient how to self-administer insulin
D. Referring a patient to a stroke rehabilitation center
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and screening
of diseases before they become symptomatic.
