NSG 300: FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING
PRACTICE - COMPREHENSIVE FINAL
EXAM
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a scheduled blood transfusion based on religious
beliefs. The nurse supports this decision even though they disagree. Which ethical principle is
being demonstrated?
A. Justice
B. Non-maleficence
C. Beneficence
D. Autonomy
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of the patient to make their own
decisions about their medical care. Even if the nurse disagrees, respecting the patient’s
choice is a manifestation of autonomy.
,2. When using the SBAR communication tool, which information belongs in the ‘B’
(Background) section?
A. The patient’s current blood pressure and heart rate.
B. The nurse’s recommendation for a change in medication.
C. The reason for the current call or interaction.
D. The patient’s admitting diagnosis and medical history.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Background (B) includes the context of the situation, such as the
admitting diagnosis, relevant medical history, and summary of treatment to date.
3. A nurse identifies that a patient has a pressure injury with partial-thickness loss of dermis
presenting as a shallow open ulcer with a red-pink wound bed. What stage is this injury?
A. Stage II
B. Stage I
C. Stage III
D. Stage IV
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Stage II pressure injuries involve partial-thickness loss of the
dermis, presenting as a shallow, open ulcer with a red or pink wound bed, without slough.
, 4. Which step of the nursing process involves comparing the patient’s current health status
with the desired outcomes established during the planning phase?
A. Assessment
B. Implementation
C. Diagnosis
D. Evaluation
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Evaluation is the final step where the nurse determines if the
goals and expected outcomes were met.
5. In the PICO(T) format for evidence-based practice, what does the ‘I’ represent?
A. Information
B. Implementation
C. Intention
D. Intervention
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: In PICO(T), I stands for Intervention, which is the specific
treatment or action being studied.
PRACTICE - COMPREHENSIVE FINAL
EXAM
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a scheduled blood transfusion based on religious
beliefs. The nurse supports this decision even though they disagree. Which ethical principle is
being demonstrated?
A. Justice
B. Non-maleficence
C. Beneficence
D. Autonomy
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of the patient to make their own
decisions about their medical care. Even if the nurse disagrees, respecting the patient’s
choice is a manifestation of autonomy.
,2. When using the SBAR communication tool, which information belongs in the ‘B’
(Background) section?
A. The patient’s current blood pressure and heart rate.
B. The nurse’s recommendation for a change in medication.
C. The reason for the current call or interaction.
D. The patient’s admitting diagnosis and medical history.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Background (B) includes the context of the situation, such as the
admitting diagnosis, relevant medical history, and summary of treatment to date.
3. A nurse identifies that a patient has a pressure injury with partial-thickness loss of dermis
presenting as a shallow open ulcer with a red-pink wound bed. What stage is this injury?
A. Stage II
B. Stage I
C. Stage III
D. Stage IV
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Stage II pressure injuries involve partial-thickness loss of the
dermis, presenting as a shallow, open ulcer with a red or pink wound bed, without slough.
, 4. Which step of the nursing process involves comparing the patient’s current health status
with the desired outcomes established during the planning phase?
A. Assessment
B. Implementation
C. Diagnosis
D. Evaluation
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Evaluation is the final step where the nurse determines if the
goals and expected outcomes were met.
5. In the PICO(T) format for evidence-based practice, what does the ‘I’ represent?
A. Information
B. Implementation
C. Intention
D. Intervention
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: In PICO(T), I stands for Intervention, which is the specific
treatment or action being studied.
