NSG 300: ADVANCED FOUNDATIONS OF
NURSING PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs, even
though it is life-saving. Which ethical principle is the nurse upholding by supporting this
decision?
A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Autonomy
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own
decisions about their medical care without their healthcare provider trying to influence the
decision.
2. Which of the following represents a ‘secondary’ level of prevention?
A. Providing immunizations to infants
,B. Performing a screening for scoliosis in middle school students
C. Teaching a diabetic patient how to self-administer insulin
D. Referring a patient to a stroke rehabilitation center
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and screening
to identify diseases in their earliest stages.
3. A nurse is documenting a patient’s response to pain medication. Which phase of the
nursing process does this represent?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Evaluation
D. Implementation
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Evaluation involves determining the effectiveness of the
interventions and the patient’s progress toward goals.
4. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which patient should the nurse address first?
A. A patient reporting feelings of isolation
B. A patient requesting information about their diagnosis
, C. A patient with a respiratory rate of 32 breaths per minute
D. A patient who is afraid of falling out of bed
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Physiological needs (oxygenation/breathing) are the highest
priority in Maslow’s Hierarchy before safety or psychosocial needs.
5. During a physical assessment, the nurse notes the patient has a ‘barrel chest.’ This finding
is most characteristic of which condition?
A. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
B. Pneumonia
C. Congestive Heart Failure
D. Pulmonary Embolism
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: A barrel chest is caused by chronic hyperinflation of the lungs,
typically seen in patients with emphysema/COPD.
6. Which assessment finding is considered ‘subjective’ data?
A. Blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg
B. Presence of peripheral edema
C. Patient reporting a ‘throbbing’ headache
NURSING PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs, even
though it is life-saving. Which ethical principle is the nurse upholding by supporting this
decision?
A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Autonomy
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own
decisions about their medical care without their healthcare provider trying to influence the
decision.
2. Which of the following represents a ‘secondary’ level of prevention?
A. Providing immunizations to infants
,B. Performing a screening for scoliosis in middle school students
C. Teaching a diabetic patient how to self-administer insulin
D. Referring a patient to a stroke rehabilitation center
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and screening
to identify diseases in their earliest stages.
3. A nurse is documenting a patient’s response to pain medication. Which phase of the
nursing process does this represent?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Evaluation
D. Implementation
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Evaluation involves determining the effectiveness of the
interventions and the patient’s progress toward goals.
4. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which patient should the nurse address first?
A. A patient reporting feelings of isolation
B. A patient requesting information about their diagnosis
, C. A patient with a respiratory rate of 32 breaths per minute
D. A patient who is afraid of falling out of bed
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Physiological needs (oxygenation/breathing) are the highest
priority in Maslow’s Hierarchy before safety or psychosocial needs.
5. During a physical assessment, the nurse notes the patient has a ‘barrel chest.’ This finding
is most characteristic of which condition?
A. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
B. Pneumonia
C. Congestive Heart Failure
D. Pulmonary Embolism
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: A barrel chest is caused by chronic hyperinflation of the lungs,
typically seen in patients with emphysema/COPD.
6. Which assessment finding is considered ‘subjective’ data?
A. Blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg
B. Presence of peripheral edema
C. Patient reporting a ‘throbbing’ headache
