NSG 300 EXAM 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF
NURSING PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. Which phase of the nursing process involves comparing the patient’s current health status
with the established goals to determine the effectiveness of the care plan?
A. Evaluation
B. Implementation
C. Assessment
D. Planning
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Evaluation is the final step where the nurse determines if the
goals were met, partially met, or not met, leading to modification of the plan.
2. A nurse is caring for a patient who reports ‘a sharp pain in my chest when I breathe.’ This
type of data is classified as:
A. Subjective data
B. Objective data
C. Secondary data
,D. Inferred data
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Subjective data includes the patient’s verbal descriptions of their
health problems, such as feelings, perceptions, and self-report of symptoms.
3. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following patient needs should the
nurse address first?
A. Self-esteem and recognition
B. Safety and security from falls
C. Love and belonging with family
D. Elimination and fluid balance
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Physiological needs (air, water, food, elimination, sleep) are the
most basic and must be met before higher-level needs.
4. Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory primarily emphasizes which aspect of patient
care?
A. Manipulation of physical surroundings to facilitate healing
B. Interpersonal relationships between nurse and patient
C. Self-care deficit management
D. Cultural competence in diverse settings
, Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Nightingale believed that the nurse’s role was to put the patient
in the best condition for nature to act upon them by managing ventilation, light, and
cleanliness.
5. A nurse provides a patient with information regarding the risks and benefits of a surgery
but realizes the patient is still confused. By advocating for the patient’s understanding, the
nurse upholds:
A. Autonomy
B. Non-maleficence
C. Fidelity
D. Justice
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make their own
informed decisions. Ensuring the patient understands is vital for autonomous consent.
6. Which ethical principle is violated if a nurse gives a placebo to a patient without their
knowledge to ‘prove’ they don’t have pain?
A. Justice
B. Beneficence
C. Veracity
NURSING PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. Which phase of the nursing process involves comparing the patient’s current health status
with the established goals to determine the effectiveness of the care plan?
A. Evaluation
B. Implementation
C. Assessment
D. Planning
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Evaluation is the final step where the nurse determines if the
goals were met, partially met, or not met, leading to modification of the plan.
2. A nurse is caring for a patient who reports ‘a sharp pain in my chest when I breathe.’ This
type of data is classified as:
A. Subjective data
B. Objective data
C. Secondary data
,D. Inferred data
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Subjective data includes the patient’s verbal descriptions of their
health problems, such as feelings, perceptions, and self-report of symptoms.
3. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following patient needs should the
nurse address first?
A. Self-esteem and recognition
B. Safety and security from falls
C. Love and belonging with family
D. Elimination and fluid balance
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Physiological needs (air, water, food, elimination, sleep) are the
most basic and must be met before higher-level needs.
4. Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory primarily emphasizes which aspect of patient
care?
A. Manipulation of physical surroundings to facilitate healing
B. Interpersonal relationships between nurse and patient
C. Self-care deficit management
D. Cultural competence in diverse settings
, Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Nightingale believed that the nurse’s role was to put the patient
in the best condition for nature to act upon them by managing ventilation, light, and
cleanliness.
5. A nurse provides a patient with information regarding the risks and benefits of a surgery
but realizes the patient is still confused. By advocating for the patient’s understanding, the
nurse upholds:
A. Autonomy
B. Non-maleficence
C. Fidelity
D. Justice
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make their own
informed decisions. Ensuring the patient understands is vital for autonomous consent.
6. Which ethical principle is violated if a nurse gives a placebo to a patient without their
knowledge to ‘prove’ they don’t have pain?
A. Justice
B. Beneficence
C. Veracity
