NWACC Track II Nursing
Exam 1 2026 | Practice
Questions, Answers,
Rationales &
Comprehensive Review |
Complete Ethics Study
Guide
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales
Included
,ANA (American nursing association) incorporates art and science of caring and focuses on the protection, promotion,
and optimization of health and abilities. Nursing is the diagnosis and treatment of
human response **assess the person not the disease.
Florence Nightingale believed that nursing is separate and distinct from medicine
maintained accurate records, recognized records as beginning of nursing research
Clara Barton founded red cross; was a nurse during the civil war
Dorothea Dix created the first American mental asylum; was the superintendent of army nurses
during the civil war
Linda Richards the first professionally trained american nurse; created the first medical record
system
Lillian Wald Started american community nursing; was an advocate for public school nursing
Mary Elizabeth Mahoney First african american nurse
Harriet Tubman cared for black soldiers during the civil war
Isabel Hampon Robb taught nursing in an institution
Mary Brechinridge Nurse midwife; founded frontier nursing serve (family medical care)
Four spheres of nursing care -wellness: disease prevention
-chronic disease management
-regenerative/restorative care
-hospice/palliative care
Nursing originated from the latin word.... Nutrix; meaning nourish
Nursing aims and competencies -promote health
-prevent illness
-restore health
-facilitate coping with disability or death
Roles of nurses -caregiver
-communicator
-teacher/educator
-counselor
-leader
-researcher
-advocate
-collaborator
, Healthy people 2030 recognized the big public health concerns that need attention
Nursing can be recognized by... -well defined body of specific and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self regulation
continueing ed in nursing In AR, 15 hours every 2 years to keep license
Educational pathways in nursing -practical and vocational nursing (LPN)
-diploma in nursing
-associates degree in nursing
-bachelor degree in nursing
-clinical nurse specialist
-nurse practitioner
-nurse anesthetist
Standards of nursing practice -protect the public by defining the legal scope of nursing practice, excluding
untrained or unlicensed people from practicing nursing
-create a state board of nursing or regulatory body having the authority to make and
enforce rules and regulations concerning the nursing profession
-define important terms and activities in nursing including legal requirements and
titles for RN and LPN
-establish criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
ANA code of ethics -provision 1: compassion, respect, maintain dignity
-provision 2: commitment to the patient
-provision 3: advocates and protects patient
-provision 4: authority, accountability, and responsibility as a nurse
-provision 5: owes same to self as they do to others
-provision 6: remains ethical
-provision 7: continuing education
-provision 8: collaborates to protect human rights
-provision 9: maintain integrity of profession
Nursing process guidelines for nursing practice
-assessment: noticing
-analysis: interpreting
-planning: interpreting
-implementation: responding
-evaluation: reflecting
**allows for critical thinking and reasoning when providing patient-centered care
Patient centered care individualized and holistic care
healthcare trends - nursing shortage will offer unique opportunities
-job opportunities are expanding outside the hospital; nurses will play a bigger role
in communities
-technology will play a larger role
-nurses will collaborate more with other health care providers
Clinical judgement clinical thinking + clinical reasoning = clinical judgement
Exam 1 2026 | Practice
Questions, Answers,
Rationales &
Comprehensive Review |
Complete Ethics Study
Guide
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales
Included
,ANA (American nursing association) incorporates art and science of caring and focuses on the protection, promotion,
and optimization of health and abilities. Nursing is the diagnosis and treatment of
human response **assess the person not the disease.
Florence Nightingale believed that nursing is separate and distinct from medicine
maintained accurate records, recognized records as beginning of nursing research
Clara Barton founded red cross; was a nurse during the civil war
Dorothea Dix created the first American mental asylum; was the superintendent of army nurses
during the civil war
Linda Richards the first professionally trained american nurse; created the first medical record
system
Lillian Wald Started american community nursing; was an advocate for public school nursing
Mary Elizabeth Mahoney First african american nurse
Harriet Tubman cared for black soldiers during the civil war
Isabel Hampon Robb taught nursing in an institution
Mary Brechinridge Nurse midwife; founded frontier nursing serve (family medical care)
Four spheres of nursing care -wellness: disease prevention
-chronic disease management
-regenerative/restorative care
-hospice/palliative care
Nursing originated from the latin word.... Nutrix; meaning nourish
Nursing aims and competencies -promote health
-prevent illness
-restore health
-facilitate coping with disability or death
Roles of nurses -caregiver
-communicator
-teacher/educator
-counselor
-leader
-researcher
-advocate
-collaborator
, Healthy people 2030 recognized the big public health concerns that need attention
Nursing can be recognized by... -well defined body of specific and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self regulation
continueing ed in nursing In AR, 15 hours every 2 years to keep license
Educational pathways in nursing -practical and vocational nursing (LPN)
-diploma in nursing
-associates degree in nursing
-bachelor degree in nursing
-clinical nurse specialist
-nurse practitioner
-nurse anesthetist
Standards of nursing practice -protect the public by defining the legal scope of nursing practice, excluding
untrained or unlicensed people from practicing nursing
-create a state board of nursing or regulatory body having the authority to make and
enforce rules and regulations concerning the nursing profession
-define important terms and activities in nursing including legal requirements and
titles for RN and LPN
-establish criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
ANA code of ethics -provision 1: compassion, respect, maintain dignity
-provision 2: commitment to the patient
-provision 3: advocates and protects patient
-provision 4: authority, accountability, and responsibility as a nurse
-provision 5: owes same to self as they do to others
-provision 6: remains ethical
-provision 7: continuing education
-provision 8: collaborates to protect human rights
-provision 9: maintain integrity of profession
Nursing process guidelines for nursing practice
-assessment: noticing
-analysis: interpreting
-planning: interpreting
-implementation: responding
-evaluation: reflecting
**allows for critical thinking and reasoning when providing patient-centered care
Patient centered care individualized and holistic care
healthcare trends - nursing shortage will offer unique opportunities
-job opportunities are expanding outside the hospital; nurses will play a bigger role
in communities
-technology will play a larger role
-nurses will collaborate more with other health care providers
Clinical judgement clinical thinking + clinical reasoning = clinical judgement
