BMSC 230- module 5 And 6 Test
Questions with All Quality
Answers/Updated.
calmodulin - Answer An intracellular calcium-binding protein found in eukaryotes. Serves to
regulate the activities of many calcium-responsive proteins and processes
epinephrine (adrenaline) - Answer a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands in response to
stress and/or fear. Initiates the "fight or flight" response
glucagon - Answer a peptide hormone released by the pancreas in response to low blood
glucose levels. Serves to mobilize glucose from glycogen stores
glycogen - Answer a branched, homopolysaccharide energy storage form of glucose residues.
Main-chain residues are joined through a-1,4 linkages with branch points occurring through a-
1,6 linkages.
glycogen phosphorylase - Answer a catabolic enzyme involved in the breakdown of glycogen
by cleaving one glucose unit at a time from the Non-reducing end (a-1,4 only) can catalyzing a
phosphorolysis reaction (glycogenolysis)
glycogen synthase - Answer the rate-limiting enzyme of glycogen synthesis
glycogenesis - Answer the process of glycogen synthesis
glycogenin - Answer a protein which initiates synthesis of a glycogen granule. It catalyzes the
synthesis of an oligosaccharide chain which is attached to one of its own amino acids residues
glycogenolysis - Answer the process of glycogen breakdown
Insulin - Answer a hormone released from the pancreas in a response to ingested
carbohydrate. It stimulates glycogen synthesis
Phosphorolysis - Answer the cleavage of a compound in which the attacking group is inorganic
phosphate
uridine disphosphate glucose (UDP-glucose) - Answer a nucleotide sugar involved in
glycosyltransferase reactions in metabolism
, glucose-6-P - Answer glycogen synthesis and glycogen breakdown pathways connect with
glycolysis and the PPP (gluconeogenesis in the liver) via which which molecule
glycogen synthase - Answer key regulatory enzyme in glycogen synthesis
allosteric interactions and reversible phosphorylation - Answer ways that glycogen
phosphorylase is regulated
glucagon and epinephrine - Answer signal the need for glycogen breakdown
reciprocally regulated - Answer glycogen synthesis and breakdown are regulated this way
liver and muscle - Answer two tissues that have the largest glycogen stores (most tissues have
some)
reasons we store glucose - Answer 1. some tissues cannot use fatty acids for energy (red blood
cells and brain)
2. oxidation of fatty acids to produce ATP is oxygen-requiring
cytosolic - Answer glycogen granules are stored in what portion of the cell
a-1,4 glycosidic bonds and a-1,6 glycosidic bonds - Answer two chemical linkages present in
glycogen
non-reducing end - Answer glycogen synthesis and breakdown occur at which end of glycogen
branched - Answer this structure of glycogen increases the rate of both glycogen synthesis and
degradation because their are many sites for these events to occur
2 ATP - Answer the input of energy required to synthesize glycogen for every glucose
incoporated
31 ATP - Answer energy yield for every glucose 6-P produced from glycogen breakdown
biosynthetic pathways - Answer pathway that uses an activated form of glucose (UDP) to add
glucose units to glycogen. (not an intermediate present in the other pathway)
Questions with All Quality
Answers/Updated.
calmodulin - Answer An intracellular calcium-binding protein found in eukaryotes. Serves to
regulate the activities of many calcium-responsive proteins and processes
epinephrine (adrenaline) - Answer a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands in response to
stress and/or fear. Initiates the "fight or flight" response
glucagon - Answer a peptide hormone released by the pancreas in response to low blood
glucose levels. Serves to mobilize glucose from glycogen stores
glycogen - Answer a branched, homopolysaccharide energy storage form of glucose residues.
Main-chain residues are joined through a-1,4 linkages with branch points occurring through a-
1,6 linkages.
glycogen phosphorylase - Answer a catabolic enzyme involved in the breakdown of glycogen
by cleaving one glucose unit at a time from the Non-reducing end (a-1,4 only) can catalyzing a
phosphorolysis reaction (glycogenolysis)
glycogen synthase - Answer the rate-limiting enzyme of glycogen synthesis
glycogenesis - Answer the process of glycogen synthesis
glycogenin - Answer a protein which initiates synthesis of a glycogen granule. It catalyzes the
synthesis of an oligosaccharide chain which is attached to one of its own amino acids residues
glycogenolysis - Answer the process of glycogen breakdown
Insulin - Answer a hormone released from the pancreas in a response to ingested
carbohydrate. It stimulates glycogen synthesis
Phosphorolysis - Answer the cleavage of a compound in which the attacking group is inorganic
phosphate
uridine disphosphate glucose (UDP-glucose) - Answer a nucleotide sugar involved in
glycosyltransferase reactions in metabolism
, glucose-6-P - Answer glycogen synthesis and glycogen breakdown pathways connect with
glycolysis and the PPP (gluconeogenesis in the liver) via which which molecule
glycogen synthase - Answer key regulatory enzyme in glycogen synthesis
allosteric interactions and reversible phosphorylation - Answer ways that glycogen
phosphorylase is regulated
glucagon and epinephrine - Answer signal the need for glycogen breakdown
reciprocally regulated - Answer glycogen synthesis and breakdown are regulated this way
liver and muscle - Answer two tissues that have the largest glycogen stores (most tissues have
some)
reasons we store glucose - Answer 1. some tissues cannot use fatty acids for energy (red blood
cells and brain)
2. oxidation of fatty acids to produce ATP is oxygen-requiring
cytosolic - Answer glycogen granules are stored in what portion of the cell
a-1,4 glycosidic bonds and a-1,6 glycosidic bonds - Answer two chemical linkages present in
glycogen
non-reducing end - Answer glycogen synthesis and breakdown occur at which end of glycogen
branched - Answer this structure of glycogen increases the rate of both glycogen synthesis and
degradation because their are many sites for these events to occur
2 ATP - Answer the input of energy required to synthesize glycogen for every glucose
incoporated
31 ATP - Answer energy yield for every glucose 6-P produced from glycogen breakdown
biosynthetic pathways - Answer pathway that uses an activated form of glucose (UDP) to add
glucose units to glycogen. (not an intermediate present in the other pathway)
