Peds Hematology | Questions with 100% Verified Answers |
Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: What would you see during a H&P exam in someone with a hematologic/immunologic dysfunction?
Answer: pallor, petechiae, bruising comments by the parent regarding child's lack of energy food diary of poor
iron sources frequent infections bleeding frequent or excessive bruising pallor, paleness of mucous membranes
tiredness, fatigue, wear out quickly alteration in CBC (low H&H) -hgb below 10 or 11 -therapeutic age will vary
with age of children heart palpitations, (murmur), SOB, dizziness infants feed slowly, get tired will eating,
difficulty sucking bottle
Question: What is the most common hematologic disorder of childhood? What is it?
Answer: anemia decrease in number of RBCs or hemoglobin concentration below normal or both decreased
oxygen-carrying capacity of blood when you don't have enough RBCs to carry o2 to tissues
Question: What are the different consequences of anemia? (what problems do anemia cause on the body)
Answer: hemodilution decreased peripheral resistance -more blood volume going back to the heart -fluid
overload increased cardiac circulation and turbulence -such increases may produce a murmur -cardiac failure
may ensue cyanosis growth restrictions -in chronic severe anemia
Question: What age of child is more likely to have iron deficiency anemia?
Answer: age 1-3
Question: Other than drawing blood for labs, where else could you draw from to assess for anemia
Answer: stool for occult blood
Question: What do you need to teach an anemic child's parent about helping their child decrease tissue oxygen
needs? (You as the nurse need to do this as well)
Answer: frequent periods of rest -don't let them run donw the halls assess for exertion during ADLs/activities
-assess for increasing SSx prolonged tissue hypoxia is at increased risk for infection! monitor fever
Question: As the nurse, you know that an anemic patient who has prolonged tissue hypoxia is at increased risk
for?
Answer: infection! monitor fever!
Question: Elevated WBC in anemic pts may not indicate infection
Answer: aseptic technique to prevent infection
Question: What is the goal of treatment for anemic patients?
Answer: treat underlying cause: -transfusion after hemorrhage if needed -nutritional intervention for deficiency
anemias --geared toward replacement specific deficiencies
Question: Supportive care for anemic patients (not transfusions or nutrition or anything. Just stuff to help them)
Answer: IV fluids to replace intravascular volume o2 therapy bedrest treat infections
Question: What is the most preventable and most prevalent type of anemia?
Answer: iron deficiency
, Question: Where is a place (other than hospital) that will help provide you with what you need to help your iron
deficiency anemic child? What will they give you?
Answer: WIC program -has helped decrease the prevalency by giving iron formula and vouchers for fortified
cerals
Question: What do you teach a mother with an iron deficiency anemic infant to eat? What about a toddler?
Answer: iron formula if over 4 months, can also give iron fortified cereals
Question: What do you need to remember about premie infants and iron deficiency anemia?
Answer: their fetal supplies diminish sooner, so you may need to give them more iron than you would a normal
infant
Question: What ages are most at risk for iron deficiency anemia? (4)
Answer: adolescents bc they eat like crap and grow really fast (WHEN THEY ARE GROWING FAST, THEY NEED
AN INCREASE IN IRON) -female adolescents who are on their period premies at 2-3 months ages 1-3 at most
risk bc they drink a lot of whole milk which is low in iron and milk makes them full so they don't eat anything
else and so they don't want to eat those iron rich foods Kids dealing with PICA: people who have weird eating
habits, eat things that aren't nutritional or even food and aren't eating iron rich foods)
Question: What are some iron rich foods?
Answer: iron fortified cereals (cheerios, raisin brand) meat, green leafy veggies, fish, whole grains
Question: Prognosis for iron deficiency anemia
Answer: early recognition and tx decreases severe complications
Question: Education for iron deficiency anemia
Answer: iron supplements: best when taken with citrus juice -best absorbed in empty GI tract do not take with
cow's milk -interferes with the binding of iron so don't give give with a dropper or straw -can stain teeth so you
want to prevent -brush teeth afterwards stool changes -black, tarry stools is normal. Means you have an
adequate amount of iron keep out of reach of children exclusively breastfed babies you give iron supplements
started at 4 months 6 months starts iron fortified cereals
Question: What do you need to remember about giving iron IV to a patient?
Answer: it increases their risk for anaphylaxis So first you would do a small test dose to see if body's ok with it
and then do the whole iron therapy if everything went well with the test dose
Question: What is Sickle cell anemia?
Answer: genetic disorder formation of abnormal hgb chains partial or complete replacement of normal hgb with
abnormal hgb (shaped like sickle) -sickle hgb has a shorter lifespan----> chronic anemia tissue ischemia RBCs
sickle when o2 is released
Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: What would you see during a H&P exam in someone with a hematologic/immunologic dysfunction?
Answer: pallor, petechiae, bruising comments by the parent regarding child's lack of energy food diary of poor
iron sources frequent infections bleeding frequent or excessive bruising pallor, paleness of mucous membranes
tiredness, fatigue, wear out quickly alteration in CBC (low H&H) -hgb below 10 or 11 -therapeutic age will vary
with age of children heart palpitations, (murmur), SOB, dizziness infants feed slowly, get tired will eating,
difficulty sucking bottle
Question: What is the most common hematologic disorder of childhood? What is it?
Answer: anemia decrease in number of RBCs or hemoglobin concentration below normal or both decreased
oxygen-carrying capacity of blood when you don't have enough RBCs to carry o2 to tissues
Question: What are the different consequences of anemia? (what problems do anemia cause on the body)
Answer: hemodilution decreased peripheral resistance -more blood volume going back to the heart -fluid
overload increased cardiac circulation and turbulence -such increases may produce a murmur -cardiac failure
may ensue cyanosis growth restrictions -in chronic severe anemia
Question: What age of child is more likely to have iron deficiency anemia?
Answer: age 1-3
Question: Other than drawing blood for labs, where else could you draw from to assess for anemia
Answer: stool for occult blood
Question: What do you need to teach an anemic child's parent about helping their child decrease tissue oxygen
needs? (You as the nurse need to do this as well)
Answer: frequent periods of rest -don't let them run donw the halls assess for exertion during ADLs/activities
-assess for increasing SSx prolonged tissue hypoxia is at increased risk for infection! monitor fever
Question: As the nurse, you know that an anemic patient who has prolonged tissue hypoxia is at increased risk
for?
Answer: infection! monitor fever!
Question: Elevated WBC in anemic pts may not indicate infection
Answer: aseptic technique to prevent infection
Question: What is the goal of treatment for anemic patients?
Answer: treat underlying cause: -transfusion after hemorrhage if needed -nutritional intervention for deficiency
anemias --geared toward replacement specific deficiencies
Question: Supportive care for anemic patients (not transfusions or nutrition or anything. Just stuff to help them)
Answer: IV fluids to replace intravascular volume o2 therapy bedrest treat infections
Question: What is the most preventable and most prevalent type of anemia?
Answer: iron deficiency
, Question: Where is a place (other than hospital) that will help provide you with what you need to help your iron
deficiency anemic child? What will they give you?
Answer: WIC program -has helped decrease the prevalency by giving iron formula and vouchers for fortified
cerals
Question: What do you teach a mother with an iron deficiency anemic infant to eat? What about a toddler?
Answer: iron formula if over 4 months, can also give iron fortified cereals
Question: What do you need to remember about premie infants and iron deficiency anemia?
Answer: their fetal supplies diminish sooner, so you may need to give them more iron than you would a normal
infant
Question: What ages are most at risk for iron deficiency anemia? (4)
Answer: adolescents bc they eat like crap and grow really fast (WHEN THEY ARE GROWING FAST, THEY NEED
AN INCREASE IN IRON) -female adolescents who are on their period premies at 2-3 months ages 1-3 at most
risk bc they drink a lot of whole milk which is low in iron and milk makes them full so they don't eat anything
else and so they don't want to eat those iron rich foods Kids dealing with PICA: people who have weird eating
habits, eat things that aren't nutritional or even food and aren't eating iron rich foods)
Question: What are some iron rich foods?
Answer: iron fortified cereals (cheerios, raisin brand) meat, green leafy veggies, fish, whole grains
Question: Prognosis for iron deficiency anemia
Answer: early recognition and tx decreases severe complications
Question: Education for iron deficiency anemia
Answer: iron supplements: best when taken with citrus juice -best absorbed in empty GI tract do not take with
cow's milk -interferes with the binding of iron so don't give give with a dropper or straw -can stain teeth so you
want to prevent -brush teeth afterwards stool changes -black, tarry stools is normal. Means you have an
adequate amount of iron keep out of reach of children exclusively breastfed babies you give iron supplements
started at 4 months 6 months starts iron fortified cereals
Question: What do you need to remember about giving iron IV to a patient?
Answer: it increases their risk for anaphylaxis So first you would do a small test dose to see if body's ok with it
and then do the whole iron therapy if everything went well with the test dose
Question: What is Sickle cell anemia?
Answer: genetic disorder formation of abnormal hgb chains partial or complete replacement of normal hgb with
abnormal hgb (shaped like sickle) -sickle hgb has a shorter lifespan----> chronic anemia tissue ischemia RBCs
sickle when o2 is released
