Peds: hematology | Questions with 100% Verified Answers | Latest Update 2026/2027

Peds: hematology | Questions with 100% Verified Answers |
Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: What is hematology
Answer: The medical specialty that pertains to the anatomy, physiology, pathology, symptomatology, and
therapeutics related to blood and blood forming tissues

Question: What is oncology
Answer: The study or science dealing with the physical, chemical, and biologic properties and features of
neoplasms, including causation, pathogenesis, and treatment

Question: What things make up the myeloid cell line of hematopoietic stem cells
Answer: - Granulocytes
- agranulocytes
- erythrocytes
- megakaryocytic

Question: Granulocytes
Answer: - neutrophiles
- basophils
- eosinophils

Question: myeloid cell line Agranulocytes include
Answer: monocytes

Question: What things primarily make up megakaryocytes
Answer: platelets

Question: What things may up the agranulocytes of the lymphoid cell line
Answer: - B lymphocytes
- T lymphocytes

Question: What are the two cell lines of hematopoietic stem cells
Answer: - myeloid cell line
- lymphoid cell line

Question: What is hematopoiesis?
Answer: formation of blood cells

Question: Where does hematopoiesis occur before birth
Answer: liver and spleen

Question: Where does hematopoiesis begin to occur shortly after birth
Answer: - Ceases in the liver
- Bone marrow becomes only site of production for erythrocytes, granulocytes, and
platelets
- B lymphocytes are produced in the marrow and in secondary lymphoid organs
- T lymphocytes mature in the thymus

,Question: What are the primary qualities of erythrocytes?
Answer: • Myeloid Origin
• Most numerous blood cell
• Biconcave disks without nuclei
• Cytoplasm rich with hemoglobin
• Oxygen delivery system
• Lifespan 120 days

Question: Qualities of neutrophils (PMNs)?
Answer: • Most abundant granulocytes
• Acute infections
• Lobulated nucleus

Question: Qualities of eosinophils?
Answer: • Host response to parasitic infections
• Chronic Immune response

Question: Qualities of basophils?
Answer: • Type I allergic reactions
• Histamine-rich

Question: Qualities of monocytes?
Answer: • Myeloid lineage
• Largest WBC
• Differentiate into either long-lived macrophages or dendritic cells
• First to detect infection or tissue injury

Question: qualities of lymphocytes
Answer: Two major classes
• B lymphocytes
• T lymphocytes
• Adaptive immunity
• Resting lymphocytes
• Smaller
• Condense nuclei
• Minimal cytoplasm
• Active lymphocyte
• Larger
• Enlarged nuclei
• Increased cytoplasm

Question: what things may cause leukocytosis
Answer: • Leukemia
(acute or chronic)
• Lymphoma
• Bacterial
Infection
• Viral Infection
• Steroids

, Question: What things may cause leukopenia
Answer: • HIV
• Chemotherapy
• Medications
• Radiation

Question: RBC indices
Answer: • Hemoglobin (Hgb)- Amount of oxygen carrying protein
• Hematocrit (Hct)- % whole blood made up of RBCs
• Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)- Average RBC size
• Mean corpuscular Hgb (MCH)- Average Hgb content per RBC
• Mean corpuscular Hgb concentration (MCHC)- Average
concentration of Hgb in volume of packed RBCs
• Red cell distribution width (RDW)- Variation of RBC cell size

Question: What is a peripheral smear
Answer: • Examining blood by
microscope
• Quick & relatively
inexpensive
• Relays the functional
status of the bone marrow
• Especially useful in
examining cytopenias

Question: What is a direct COOMBS test
Answer: • Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT)
• Uses antihuman globulin (Coombs reagent) to
detects presence of antibodies &/or complement on surface of patient's washed RBCs
• Agglutination (clumping) of RBCs, if positive test
• Positive result- immune-mediated hemolytic
anemia, drug-induced hemolysis, or transfusion reaction
• Negative result- if testing for cause of hemolysis,
then due to intrinsic defect

Question: What may a positive direct COOMBS test indicate
Answer: immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, drug-induced hemolysis, or transfusion reaction

Question: What is an indirect COOMBS test
Answer: • Indirect Antiglobulin Test (IAT)
• Used to check for antibodies in patient's
plasma/serum prior to transfusions
• Cross-match- testing recipient's serum for
antibodies against the donor blood's RBCs
• Recipient's serum incubated with donor RBCs
• Donor RBCs washed with saline & incubated with
Coombs (antihuman globulin) reagent

Question: What does it mean if agglutination occurs on an indirect COOMBS test?
Answer: antibodies are bound to RBCs