BUS 305 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
How do managers create value in international business? (3 ways) - Answers -
Divergence- appreciating differences between countries
Convergence- noticing similarities between countries (iphone)
Building Cross cultural network
Identify and define three factors necessary to CQ and mastering culture differences. -
Answers - Cultural intelligence (CQ) is a relatively new idea that builds on these earlier
concepts (IQ & EQ) but that incorporates the capability to interact effectively across
cultures (17).
i. First, the culturally intelligent person requires knowledge of culture and of the
fundamental principles of cross culture interactions. This means knowing what culture
is, how cultures vary, and how culture affects behavior (16). The knowledge to
understand cross-cultural phenomena (22).
ii. Second, the culturally intelligent person needs to practice mindfulness (16). The
mindfulness to observe and interpret particular situations (22).
iii. Third, based on knowledge and mindfulness, the culturally intelligent person
develops cross-cultural skills and becomes competent across a wide range of
situations. These skills involve choosing the appropriate behavior from well-developed
repertoire of behaviors that are correct from different intercultural situations (16). The
skills required to adapt behavior to act appropriately and successfully in a range of
situations (22).
List and define the nine value orientations in the GLOBE Study. - Answers - a.
Institutional Collectivism: The degree to which organizational and societal institutional
practices encourage and reward collective distribution of resources and collective
action.
b. In-Group Collectivism: The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and
cohesiveness, in their organizations or families.
c. Power Distance: The degree to which members of a collective expect power to be
distributed unequally.
d. Uncertainty Avoidance: The extent to which a society, organization, or group relies on
social norms, rules, and procedures to alleviate unpredictability of future events.
, e. Gender Egalitarianism: The degree to which a collective minimizes gender inequality.
f. Assertiveness: The degree to which individuals are assertive, confrontational, and
aggressive in their relationships with others.
g. Humane Orientation: The degree to which a collective rewards individuals for being
fair, altruistic, generous, caring, and kind to others.
h. Future Orientation: The extent to which individuals engage in future-oriented
behaviors such as delayed gratification, planning, and investing in the future.
i. Performance Orientation: The degree to which collective encourages and rewards
group members for performance improvement and excellence.
What general skills help individuals develop appropriate cross-cultural behavior? -
Answers - a. The general skills that research has shown to be related to appropriate
behavior in cross cultural interactions are as follows (60):
i. Relational Skills
ii. Tolerance for uncertainty
iii. Empathy
iv. Perceptual acuity
v. Adaptability
Why does the "laundry list" approach to cultural differences fail? What works better? -
Answers - a. The laundry list approach to cross cultural understanding attempts to
provide each individual who is to have intercultural interactions with a list- "everything
you need to know"- about the particular country. Such lists often attempt to detail not
just what the key cultural characteristics of the country are but the regional or
organizational variations, the expected behavior in that country, the detailed customs to
be followed, the type of speech inflections to use,, the expressions and actions that may
be offensive, functional information on matters such as living cost, health services, and
education (15).
b. Laundry lists tend to be dry and formal. Culture is unique to an individual's personality
and that is hard to express in print. Formal and abstract knowledge need to be
supplemented by and integrated with experience of the culture and interactions with its
people. Learning facts about other cultures is not enough (15).
c. Cultural intelligence is a cycle or repetition in which each new challenge builds upon
previous ones until cultural intelligence is ultimately achieved. A major advantage of this
approach over the laundry list approach is that as well as acquiring growing
competence in a specific culture you simultaneously acquire general cultural
intelligence, making each new cultural challenge easier to face because of what has
been learned from previous one's (16-17).
ANSWERS
How do managers create value in international business? (3 ways) - Answers -
Divergence- appreciating differences between countries
Convergence- noticing similarities between countries (iphone)
Building Cross cultural network
Identify and define three factors necessary to CQ and mastering culture differences. -
Answers - Cultural intelligence (CQ) is a relatively new idea that builds on these earlier
concepts (IQ & EQ) but that incorporates the capability to interact effectively across
cultures (17).
i. First, the culturally intelligent person requires knowledge of culture and of the
fundamental principles of cross culture interactions. This means knowing what culture
is, how cultures vary, and how culture affects behavior (16). The knowledge to
understand cross-cultural phenomena (22).
ii. Second, the culturally intelligent person needs to practice mindfulness (16). The
mindfulness to observe and interpret particular situations (22).
iii. Third, based on knowledge and mindfulness, the culturally intelligent person
develops cross-cultural skills and becomes competent across a wide range of
situations. These skills involve choosing the appropriate behavior from well-developed
repertoire of behaviors that are correct from different intercultural situations (16). The
skills required to adapt behavior to act appropriately and successfully in a range of
situations (22).
List and define the nine value orientations in the GLOBE Study. - Answers - a.
Institutional Collectivism: The degree to which organizational and societal institutional
practices encourage and reward collective distribution of resources and collective
action.
b. In-Group Collectivism: The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and
cohesiveness, in their organizations or families.
c. Power Distance: The degree to which members of a collective expect power to be
distributed unequally.
d. Uncertainty Avoidance: The extent to which a society, organization, or group relies on
social norms, rules, and procedures to alleviate unpredictability of future events.
, e. Gender Egalitarianism: The degree to which a collective minimizes gender inequality.
f. Assertiveness: The degree to which individuals are assertive, confrontational, and
aggressive in their relationships with others.
g. Humane Orientation: The degree to which a collective rewards individuals for being
fair, altruistic, generous, caring, and kind to others.
h. Future Orientation: The extent to which individuals engage in future-oriented
behaviors such as delayed gratification, planning, and investing in the future.
i. Performance Orientation: The degree to which collective encourages and rewards
group members for performance improvement and excellence.
What general skills help individuals develop appropriate cross-cultural behavior? -
Answers - a. The general skills that research has shown to be related to appropriate
behavior in cross cultural interactions are as follows (60):
i. Relational Skills
ii. Tolerance for uncertainty
iii. Empathy
iv. Perceptual acuity
v. Adaptability
Why does the "laundry list" approach to cultural differences fail? What works better? -
Answers - a. The laundry list approach to cross cultural understanding attempts to
provide each individual who is to have intercultural interactions with a list- "everything
you need to know"- about the particular country. Such lists often attempt to detail not
just what the key cultural characteristics of the country are but the regional or
organizational variations, the expected behavior in that country, the detailed customs to
be followed, the type of speech inflections to use,, the expressions and actions that may
be offensive, functional information on matters such as living cost, health services, and
education (15).
b. Laundry lists tend to be dry and formal. Culture is unique to an individual's personality
and that is hard to express in print. Formal and abstract knowledge need to be
supplemented by and integrated with experience of the culture and interactions with its
people. Learning facts about other cultures is not enough (15).
c. Cultural intelligence is a cycle or repetition in which each new challenge builds upon
previous ones until cultural intelligence is ultimately achieved. A major advantage of this
approach over the laundry list approach is that as well as acquiring growing
competence in a specific culture you simultaneously acquire general cultural
intelligence, making each new cultural challenge easier to face because of what has
been learned from previous one's (16-17).
