NSG 3800 EXAM 1 2026/2027 | NURSING STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS, ANSWERS & EXAM REVIEW
The nurse is providing care for a client with a decreased calcium level. Which of the following foods
should the nurse recommend? (Select all that apply). - correct answer ✔✔a. Sardines
b. Milk
c. Cheese
The nurse is providing care for a client with a serum sodium level of 130 mEq/L. Which of the following
signs and symptoms should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply). - correct answer ✔✔a.
Convulsions
b. Decreased LOC
What labs help us determine fluid status? (Select all that apply). - correct answer ✔✔a. Blood Urea
Nitrogen (BUN)
b. Serum Sodium (Na+)
c. Creatinine
d. Serum Potassium (K+)
The nurse is providing care for a client who has a serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L. Which of the
following signs and symptoms should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply). - correct answer
✔✔a. Irregular pulses
b. Hypotension
c. Muscle weakness
d. Cardiac dysrhythmias
While the nurse is washing the face of a patient in renal failure, the patient demonstrates a spasm of the
lips and face. The nurse examines the recent electrolyte levels to assess the level of - correct answer
✔✔a. calcium
Decreased blood pressure is the #1 sign of fluid volume deficit. - correct answer ✔✔a. False
Explanation: Tachycardia is the #1 sign of fluid volume deficit. Heart rate will increase first to compensate
and maintain blood pressure. Blood pressure may drop but it is a later sign.
An excess of fluid being pushed into the intravascular space results in? (Select all that apply). - correct
answer ✔✔a. edema
b. sore joints
The nurse is caring for a client with hypovolemia The nurse should anticipate that the client may
experience - correct answer ✔✔a. thirst
Which of the following electrolytes reside mostly in extracellular fluid? (Select all that apply). - correct
answer ✔✔a. Chloride
b. Bicarbonate
c. Sodium
, Prior to hanging an IV containing potassium, the nurse will confirm - correct answer ✔✔a. urine output
of at least 30 mL/hr
The nurse is providing care for a client who currently has a serum sodium lab value of 148 mEq/L. Which
of the following signs and symptoms should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply). - correct
answer ✔✔a. Seizures
b. Headache
c. Abdominal cramping
Which substance accounts for 90% of plasma? - correct answer ✔✔a. water
The nurse is providing care for a client with decreased sodium level. Which of the following foods should
the nurse recommend? (Select all that apply). - correct answer ✔✔a. Pre-made meals such as canned or
frozen dinners
b. Celery
c. Ham
The nurse is providing care for a client who has an elevated serum calcium level. Which of the following
signs and symptoms should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply). - correct answer ✔✔a. Bone
pain
b. Blood clots
The nurse is caring for a client who was admitted with the following labs.
Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform? (Select all that apply). - correct answer
✔✔a. Provide extra blankets for warmth
b. Observe and institute seizure precautions
A patient is admitted to the hospital with severe dehydration. The nurse would expect to see which of
the following serum lab values? - correct answer ✔✔a. Na 155 mEq/L
A client presents to the Emergency Department (ED) with a diagnosis of Metabolic Acidosis. The nurse
understands that which of the following conditions can contribute to this metabolic derangement.
(Select all that apply.) - correct answer ✔✔a. Excessive ingestion of Aspirin
b. Fever
c. Severe diarrhea
Which organs in the body serve as a compensatory function to maintain acid-base balance? (Select all
that apply.) - correct answer ✔✔a. Kidneys
b. Lungs
You are caring for a client with the following ABG results. Which of the following is an appropriate
interpretation?
pH 7.30
CO2 44
HCO-3 20 - correct answer ✔✔a. Metabolic Acidosis
QUESTIONS, ANSWERS & EXAM REVIEW
The nurse is providing care for a client with a decreased calcium level. Which of the following foods
should the nurse recommend? (Select all that apply). - correct answer ✔✔a. Sardines
b. Milk
c. Cheese
The nurse is providing care for a client with a serum sodium level of 130 mEq/L. Which of the following
signs and symptoms should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply). - correct answer ✔✔a.
Convulsions
b. Decreased LOC
What labs help us determine fluid status? (Select all that apply). - correct answer ✔✔a. Blood Urea
Nitrogen (BUN)
b. Serum Sodium (Na+)
c. Creatinine
d. Serum Potassium (K+)
The nurse is providing care for a client who has a serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L. Which of the
following signs and symptoms should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply). - correct answer
✔✔a. Irregular pulses
b. Hypotension
c. Muscle weakness
d. Cardiac dysrhythmias
While the nurse is washing the face of a patient in renal failure, the patient demonstrates a spasm of the
lips and face. The nurse examines the recent electrolyte levels to assess the level of - correct answer
✔✔a. calcium
Decreased blood pressure is the #1 sign of fluid volume deficit. - correct answer ✔✔a. False
Explanation: Tachycardia is the #1 sign of fluid volume deficit. Heart rate will increase first to compensate
and maintain blood pressure. Blood pressure may drop but it is a later sign.
An excess of fluid being pushed into the intravascular space results in? (Select all that apply). - correct
answer ✔✔a. edema
b. sore joints
The nurse is caring for a client with hypovolemia The nurse should anticipate that the client may
experience - correct answer ✔✔a. thirst
Which of the following electrolytes reside mostly in extracellular fluid? (Select all that apply). - correct
answer ✔✔a. Chloride
b. Bicarbonate
c. Sodium
, Prior to hanging an IV containing potassium, the nurse will confirm - correct answer ✔✔a. urine output
of at least 30 mL/hr
The nurse is providing care for a client who currently has a serum sodium lab value of 148 mEq/L. Which
of the following signs and symptoms should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply). - correct
answer ✔✔a. Seizures
b. Headache
c. Abdominal cramping
Which substance accounts for 90% of plasma? - correct answer ✔✔a. water
The nurse is providing care for a client with decreased sodium level. Which of the following foods should
the nurse recommend? (Select all that apply). - correct answer ✔✔a. Pre-made meals such as canned or
frozen dinners
b. Celery
c. Ham
The nurse is providing care for a client who has an elevated serum calcium level. Which of the following
signs and symptoms should the nurse monitor for? (Select all that apply). - correct answer ✔✔a. Bone
pain
b. Blood clots
The nurse is caring for a client who was admitted with the following labs.
Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform? (Select all that apply). - correct answer
✔✔a. Provide extra blankets for warmth
b. Observe and institute seizure precautions
A patient is admitted to the hospital with severe dehydration. The nurse would expect to see which of
the following serum lab values? - correct answer ✔✔a. Na 155 mEq/L
A client presents to the Emergency Department (ED) with a diagnosis of Metabolic Acidosis. The nurse
understands that which of the following conditions can contribute to this metabolic derangement.
(Select all that apply.) - correct answer ✔✔a. Excessive ingestion of Aspirin
b. Fever
c. Severe diarrhea
Which organs in the body serve as a compensatory function to maintain acid-base balance? (Select all
that apply.) - correct answer ✔✔a. Kidneys
b. Lungs
You are caring for a client with the following ABG results. Which of the following is an appropriate
interpretation?
pH 7.30
CO2 44
HCO-3 20 - correct answer ✔✔a. Metabolic Acidosis
