NURC 1001 EXAM 4 2026/2027 | STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS,
ANSWERS & EXAM REVIEW
Review procedures for obtaining vital signs - ANS ✔✔PULSE
-Use 2-3 fingers to press gently over an artery
- Don't use the thumb measurement of the number of times the heart beats/minute
RESPIRATION
-The inspiration and expiration of air
-Observe the resident's chest
-count for one full minute
-Best to have the resident unaware of respirations being taken
Know normal range for pulse and respirations - ANS ✔✔P: 60-100
R: 12-20
What factors may affect a temperature? Pulse? Respiratory rate? - ANS ✔✔TEMP
-Eating warm food/fluids 15-30 minutes
-time of day
-infection
-external temperature
-exercise
RESPIRATIONS
-physical activity
-emotions
-knowing you're watching
What are the most common pulse sites? - ANS ✔✔carotid, apical, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal
(inside ankle), posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis (top foot), temporal
Review blood pressure procedures - ANS ✔✔systolic/diastolic
-rhythm
-rate
-how strong
What is systolic blood pressure? Diastolic? - ANS ✔✔Systolic blood pressure = When the heart contracts,
the arteries experience the highest pressure
Diastolic blood pressure = When the heart relaxes between beats, the pressure in the arteries is lowest
How is blood pressure affected in the elderly? - ANS ✔✔Arteries narrow and lose elasticity, heart works
harder to circulate blood, BP may be higher in older adult
What is normal B/P for an adult? - ANS ✔✔120/80
Review hypertension and hypotension - ANS ✔✔BLOOD PRESSURE
hyper:
, -rapid heart rate
-blurred vision
-headaches
-confusion
-vomiting
-remain above a systolic of 140mm Hg or diasolic of 90mm Hg
hypo:
-sweating
blurred vision
-headaches
-confusion
-dizzy
-remain below a systolic of 90mm Hg and diastolic below 60mm Hg
Review conditions related to changes in the cardiovascular and respiratory system and nurse aide care
for each - ANS ✔✔CARDIO-heart pumps less efficiently
-the heart cannot accommodate to meet increased need
-Arteries are less elastic
-BP may increase
-Blood flow to the brain and vital signs can be decreased
-Veins are less efficient in returning blood to the heart
-less activity, dizziness from changes, poor venous return means discoloration/coldness/swelling of legs
-pace activity
-follow diet restrictions
-change positions slowly
-report dizziness
-remove and reapply anti-embolism stockings
RESP
-decreased lung capacity
-impaired ability to cough
-shortness of breath or exertion
-less airway size
-choking
-infection
-fatigue
Position the resident comfortably
-personal items within reach
follow diet
-pace activities
-follow safety measures
-report changes
ANSWERS & EXAM REVIEW
Review procedures for obtaining vital signs - ANS ✔✔PULSE
-Use 2-3 fingers to press gently over an artery
- Don't use the thumb measurement of the number of times the heart beats/minute
RESPIRATION
-The inspiration and expiration of air
-Observe the resident's chest
-count for one full minute
-Best to have the resident unaware of respirations being taken
Know normal range for pulse and respirations - ANS ✔✔P: 60-100
R: 12-20
What factors may affect a temperature? Pulse? Respiratory rate? - ANS ✔✔TEMP
-Eating warm food/fluids 15-30 minutes
-time of day
-infection
-external temperature
-exercise
RESPIRATIONS
-physical activity
-emotions
-knowing you're watching
What are the most common pulse sites? - ANS ✔✔carotid, apical, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal
(inside ankle), posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis (top foot), temporal
Review blood pressure procedures - ANS ✔✔systolic/diastolic
-rhythm
-rate
-how strong
What is systolic blood pressure? Diastolic? - ANS ✔✔Systolic blood pressure = When the heart contracts,
the arteries experience the highest pressure
Diastolic blood pressure = When the heart relaxes between beats, the pressure in the arteries is lowest
How is blood pressure affected in the elderly? - ANS ✔✔Arteries narrow and lose elasticity, heart works
harder to circulate blood, BP may be higher in older adult
What is normal B/P for an adult? - ANS ✔✔120/80
Review hypertension and hypotension - ANS ✔✔BLOOD PRESSURE
hyper:
, -rapid heart rate
-blurred vision
-headaches
-confusion
-vomiting
-remain above a systolic of 140mm Hg or diasolic of 90mm Hg
hypo:
-sweating
blurred vision
-headaches
-confusion
-dizzy
-remain below a systolic of 90mm Hg and diastolic below 60mm Hg
Review conditions related to changes in the cardiovascular and respiratory system and nurse aide care
for each - ANS ✔✔CARDIO-heart pumps less efficiently
-the heart cannot accommodate to meet increased need
-Arteries are less elastic
-BP may increase
-Blood flow to the brain and vital signs can be decreased
-Veins are less efficient in returning blood to the heart
-less activity, dizziness from changes, poor venous return means discoloration/coldness/swelling of legs
-pace activity
-follow diet restrictions
-change positions slowly
-report dizziness
-remove and reapply anti-embolism stockings
RESP
-decreased lung capacity
-impaired ability to cough
-shortness of breath or exertion
-less airway size
-choking
-infection
-fatigue
Position the resident comfortably
-personal items within reach
follow diet
-pace activities
-follow safety measures
-report changes
