OPENSTAX PHARMACOLOGY FOR NURSES EXAM TEST BANK
ACTUAL 2026/2027 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE
COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM REAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH WELL ELABORATED SOLUTIONS
(100% CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) CURRENTLY UPDATED
VERSION 2026 EDITION |GUARANTEED PASS A+ |JUST
RELEASED
1. A patient will be receiving nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) treatment
for a urinary tract infection. The nurse is reviewing the patient's
history and will question the nitrofurantoin order if which disorder is
present in the history? (Select all that apply.)
A. Liver disease
B. Coronary artery disease
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. Type 1 diabetes mellitus
E. Chronic renal disease
Correct Answer: A, E
Rationale: Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated in patients with
significant renal impairment (creatinine clearance <60 mL/min)
because inadequate renal excretion leads to drug accumulation and
,increased risk of toxicity. It is also contraindicated in patients
with liver disease due to the risk of hepatotoxicity. The drug
should be used with caution in patients with diabetes, but it is not
an absolute contraindication. Coronary artery disease and
hyperthyroidism are not contraindications to nitrofurantoin
therapy.
2. A patient who is diagnosed with shingles is taking topical
acyclovir, and the nurse is providing instructions about adverse
effects. The nurse will discuss which adverse effect of topical
acyclovir therapy?
A. Insomnia and nervousness
B. Temporary swelling and rash
C. Burning when applied
D. This medication has no adverse effects
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Topical acyclovir can cause mild, transient burning or
stinging upon application. This is a common local reaction and
typically subsides with continued use. Insomnia, nervousness, and
systemic effects are more commonly associated with oral or
intravenous acyclovir administration, not topical application. All
,medications have potential adverse effects; no medication is
entirely free of them.
3. A patient who has undergone a lung transplant has contracted
cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. The nurse expects which drug to be
ordered for this patient?
A. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
B. Ganciclovir (Cytovene)
C. Ribavirin (Virazole)
D. Amantadine (Symmetrel)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ganciclovir is the drug of choice for treating
cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, particularly in
immunocompromised patients such as transplant recipients.
Acyclovir is effective against herpes simplex and varicella-zoster
viruses but has minimal activity against CMV. Ribavirin is used
for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and hepatitis C. Amantadine
is used for influenza A and Parkinson's disease.
4. An infant has been hospitalized with a severe lung infection
caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and will be receiving
, medication via the inhalation route. The nurse expects which drug to
be used?
A. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
B. Ganciclovir (Cytovene)
C. Amantadine (Symmetrel)
D. Ribavirin (Virazole)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ribavirin is the antiviral medication indicated for
severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in infants and
young children. It is administered via aerosol inhalation.
Acyclovir and ganciclovir are not effective against RSV.
Amantadine is used for influenza A, not RSV.
5. A patient who is HIV-positive has been receiving medication
therapy that includes zidovudine (Retrovir). However, the prescriber
has decided to stop the zidovudine because of its dose-limiting
adverse effect. Which condition is the dose-limiting adverse effect of
zidovudine therapy?
A. Retinitis
B. Renal toxicity
ACTUAL 2026/2027 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE
COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM REAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH WELL ELABORATED SOLUTIONS
(100% CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) CURRENTLY UPDATED
VERSION 2026 EDITION |GUARANTEED PASS A+ |JUST
RELEASED
1. A patient will be receiving nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) treatment
for a urinary tract infection. The nurse is reviewing the patient's
history and will question the nitrofurantoin order if which disorder is
present in the history? (Select all that apply.)
A. Liver disease
B. Coronary artery disease
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. Type 1 diabetes mellitus
E. Chronic renal disease
Correct Answer: A, E
Rationale: Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated in patients with
significant renal impairment (creatinine clearance <60 mL/min)
because inadequate renal excretion leads to drug accumulation and
,increased risk of toxicity. It is also contraindicated in patients
with liver disease due to the risk of hepatotoxicity. The drug
should be used with caution in patients with diabetes, but it is not
an absolute contraindication. Coronary artery disease and
hyperthyroidism are not contraindications to nitrofurantoin
therapy.
2. A patient who is diagnosed with shingles is taking topical
acyclovir, and the nurse is providing instructions about adverse
effects. The nurse will discuss which adverse effect of topical
acyclovir therapy?
A. Insomnia and nervousness
B. Temporary swelling and rash
C. Burning when applied
D. This medication has no adverse effects
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Topical acyclovir can cause mild, transient burning or
stinging upon application. This is a common local reaction and
typically subsides with continued use. Insomnia, nervousness, and
systemic effects are more commonly associated with oral or
intravenous acyclovir administration, not topical application. All
,medications have potential adverse effects; no medication is
entirely free of them.
3. A patient who has undergone a lung transplant has contracted
cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. The nurse expects which drug to be
ordered for this patient?
A. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
B. Ganciclovir (Cytovene)
C. Ribavirin (Virazole)
D. Amantadine (Symmetrel)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ganciclovir is the drug of choice for treating
cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, particularly in
immunocompromised patients such as transplant recipients.
Acyclovir is effective against herpes simplex and varicella-zoster
viruses but has minimal activity against CMV. Ribavirin is used
for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and hepatitis C. Amantadine
is used for influenza A and Parkinson's disease.
4. An infant has been hospitalized with a severe lung infection
caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and will be receiving
, medication via the inhalation route. The nurse expects which drug to
be used?
A. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
B. Ganciclovir (Cytovene)
C. Amantadine (Symmetrel)
D. Ribavirin (Virazole)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ribavirin is the antiviral medication indicated for
severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in infants and
young children. It is administered via aerosol inhalation.
Acyclovir and ganciclovir are not effective against RSV.
Amantadine is used for influenza A, not RSV.
5. A patient who is HIV-positive has been receiving medication
therapy that includes zidovudine (Retrovir). However, the prescriber
has decided to stop the zidovudine because of its dose-limiting
adverse effect. Which condition is the dose-limiting adverse effect of
zidovudine therapy?
A. Retinitis
B. Renal toxicity
