ATI RN Fundamentals Nursing 2026 Proctored
Exam with NGN
SECTION 1: SAFETY & INFECTION CONTROL
Question 1
A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take to maintain sterile technique?
A. Place the sterile field at the edge of the bed
B. Open the sterile kit away from the body
C. Keep the sterile field at least 6 feet away from the client
D. Set up the sterile field before applying sterile gloves
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The sterile field should be set up before applying sterile gloves to prevent
contamination. Placing the field at the edge of the bed increases contamination risk.
Opening the kit away from the body is correct for maintaining sterility, but setting up the
field before gloving is the priority. Sterile fields should be kept at least 1 foot from the edge
of the table, not 6 feet away.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a client who has a Clostridium difficile infection. Which of the following
infection control precautions should the nurse implement?
A. Droplet precautions
B. Airborne precautions
C. Contact precautions
D. Standard precautions only
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: C. difficile requires contact precautions because it is transmitted via the fecal-oral
route and through contaminated surfaces. Droplet precautions are for organisms like
influenza. Airborne precautions are for tuberculosis and measles. Standard precautions
alone are insufficient for this infection.
,Question 3
A nurse is preparing to perform hand hygiene. Which of the following is the correct
technique for using an alcohol-based hand rub?
A. Apply rub to dry hands and rub until dry
B. Apply rub to hands and rinse with warm water
C. Apply rub to wet hands and rub for 10 seconds
D. Apply rub and wash with soap and water afterward
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alcohol-based hand rub should be applied to dry hands and rubbed until
completely dry. Water dilutes the alcohol and reduces effectiveness. Soap and water after
alcohol rub is unnecessary and can irritate the skin.
Question 4
A nurse is applying restraints to a client who is agitated. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
A. Tie restraints to the side rails of the bed
B. Secure restraints with a quick-release knot
C. Apply restraints tightly to prevent movement
D. Remove restraints every 4 hours for range of motion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Restraints must be secured with a quick-release knot for safety and easy removal
in an emergency. Tying to side rails is unsafe because side rails can move. Restraints should
be applied snugly but not tightly enough to impair circulation. Restraints should be removed
every 2 hours for ROM and skin assessment, not every 4 hours.
Question 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about fire safety in the home. Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I should use a Class A fire extinguisher for a grease fire"
B. "I should stop, drop, and roll if my clothing catches fire"
C. "I should leave the house and then call 911"
D. "I should open windows to let smoke out"
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stop, drop, and roll is the correct response if clothing catches fire. Class A
extinguishers are for ordinary combustibles, not grease fires (Class B). Leaving the house
,before calling 911 is incorrect; call 911 first if possible. Opening windows can feed the fire
with oxygen.
Question 6
A nurse is caring for a client who has been placed on contact precautions for Vancomycin-
resistant enterococcus (VRE) infection. Which of the following actions should the nurse
include in the plan?
A. Wear an N95 respirator mask when entering the client's room
B. Use a dedicated stethoscope and blood pressure cuff for the client
C. Ensure the client's room has negative-pressure airflow
D. Wear a surgical mask when working within 3 feet of the client
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of dedicated equipment or thorough
disinfection between patients to prevent indirect transmission. Gowns and gloves are
required, but N95 masks and negative pressure are reserved for airborne precautions.
Question 7
A nurse is preparing to suction a client's tracheostomy tube. Which of the following actions
should the nurse plan to take?
A. Apply intermittent suction during catheter insertion
B. Suction the client's airway for 20 seconds with each pass
C. Hyperoxygenate the client manually for 30 to 60 seconds before suctioning
D. Decrease suction pressure to 150 mm Hg if O2 sat levels drop during suctioning
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperoxygenation for 30-60 seconds before suctioning prevents hypoxemia.
Suction should be applied only during withdrawal, not insertion. Suctioning should be
limited to 10-15 seconds per pass. Suction pressure should be 80-120 mm Hg for adults.
Question 8
A nurse enters the room of a client who has a seizure disorder. The client is sitting in a chair
and begins to experience a seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take
first?
A. Move items in the room away from the client
B. Turn the client onto their side
C. Help the client lie on the floor
D. Loosen the client's clothing
, Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The priority is to get the client to the floor to prevent injury from falling out of the
chair. After the client is safely on the floor, the nurse can move items away, turn the client to
the side to maintain airway, and loosen clothing.
Question 9
A nurse is preparing to administer a soap-suds enema to a client who has constipation. After
inserting the rectal tube, the client reports sudden, severe abdominal cramping. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Increase the height of the enema container to complete the procedure quickly
B. Stop the procedure immediately and notify the healthcare provider
C. Lower the enema container to slow the rate of the fluid infusion
D. Encourage the client to take short, panting breaths through the mouth
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sudden cramping during an enema is usually caused by the pressure of the fluid.
Lowering the container decreases the pressure and slows the flow, which typically relieves
the cramping. The nurse can also briefly clamp the tube until the cramp passes.
Question 10
A nurse is caring for a client who is unconscious and requires oral hygiene. Which of the
following actions is the priority for the nurse to take?
A. Use two fingers to keep the client's mouth open during the procedure
B. Place the client in a side-lying position with the head turned toward the nurse
C. Swab the client's mouth with lemon-glycerin swabs every 4 hours
D. Apply a thin layer of petroleum jelly to the client's lips
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The side-lying (lateral) position is the priority because it allows secretions to drain
out of the mouth by gravity, significantly reducing the risk of aspiration. Fingers should never
be placed in the mouth of an unconscious client due to the risk of a bite reflex.
Question 11
A nurse is preparing to lift a heavy object from the floor to a table. Which of the following
actions demonstrates the correct use of body mechanics?
A. Bend at the waist to reach the object while keeping the legs straight
B. Spread the feet apart to create a wide base of support
C. Hold the object as far away from the body as possible while lifting
Exam with NGN
SECTION 1: SAFETY & INFECTION CONTROL
Question 1
A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take to maintain sterile technique?
A. Place the sterile field at the edge of the bed
B. Open the sterile kit away from the body
C. Keep the sterile field at least 6 feet away from the client
D. Set up the sterile field before applying sterile gloves
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The sterile field should be set up before applying sterile gloves to prevent
contamination. Placing the field at the edge of the bed increases contamination risk.
Opening the kit away from the body is correct for maintaining sterility, but setting up the
field before gloving is the priority. Sterile fields should be kept at least 1 foot from the edge
of the table, not 6 feet away.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a client who has a Clostridium difficile infection. Which of the following
infection control precautions should the nurse implement?
A. Droplet precautions
B. Airborne precautions
C. Contact precautions
D. Standard precautions only
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: C. difficile requires contact precautions because it is transmitted via the fecal-oral
route and through contaminated surfaces. Droplet precautions are for organisms like
influenza. Airborne precautions are for tuberculosis and measles. Standard precautions
alone are insufficient for this infection.
,Question 3
A nurse is preparing to perform hand hygiene. Which of the following is the correct
technique for using an alcohol-based hand rub?
A. Apply rub to dry hands and rub until dry
B. Apply rub to hands and rinse with warm water
C. Apply rub to wet hands and rub for 10 seconds
D. Apply rub and wash with soap and water afterward
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alcohol-based hand rub should be applied to dry hands and rubbed until
completely dry. Water dilutes the alcohol and reduces effectiveness. Soap and water after
alcohol rub is unnecessary and can irritate the skin.
Question 4
A nurse is applying restraints to a client who is agitated. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
A. Tie restraints to the side rails of the bed
B. Secure restraints with a quick-release knot
C. Apply restraints tightly to prevent movement
D. Remove restraints every 4 hours for range of motion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Restraints must be secured with a quick-release knot for safety and easy removal
in an emergency. Tying to side rails is unsafe because side rails can move. Restraints should
be applied snugly but not tightly enough to impair circulation. Restraints should be removed
every 2 hours for ROM and skin assessment, not every 4 hours.
Question 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about fire safety in the home. Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I should use a Class A fire extinguisher for a grease fire"
B. "I should stop, drop, and roll if my clothing catches fire"
C. "I should leave the house and then call 911"
D. "I should open windows to let smoke out"
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stop, drop, and roll is the correct response if clothing catches fire. Class A
extinguishers are for ordinary combustibles, not grease fires (Class B). Leaving the house
,before calling 911 is incorrect; call 911 first if possible. Opening windows can feed the fire
with oxygen.
Question 6
A nurse is caring for a client who has been placed on contact precautions for Vancomycin-
resistant enterococcus (VRE) infection. Which of the following actions should the nurse
include in the plan?
A. Wear an N95 respirator mask when entering the client's room
B. Use a dedicated stethoscope and blood pressure cuff for the client
C. Ensure the client's room has negative-pressure airflow
D. Wear a surgical mask when working within 3 feet of the client
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of dedicated equipment or thorough
disinfection between patients to prevent indirect transmission. Gowns and gloves are
required, but N95 masks and negative pressure are reserved for airborne precautions.
Question 7
A nurse is preparing to suction a client's tracheostomy tube. Which of the following actions
should the nurse plan to take?
A. Apply intermittent suction during catheter insertion
B. Suction the client's airway for 20 seconds with each pass
C. Hyperoxygenate the client manually for 30 to 60 seconds before suctioning
D. Decrease suction pressure to 150 mm Hg if O2 sat levels drop during suctioning
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperoxygenation for 30-60 seconds before suctioning prevents hypoxemia.
Suction should be applied only during withdrawal, not insertion. Suctioning should be
limited to 10-15 seconds per pass. Suction pressure should be 80-120 mm Hg for adults.
Question 8
A nurse enters the room of a client who has a seizure disorder. The client is sitting in a chair
and begins to experience a seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take
first?
A. Move items in the room away from the client
B. Turn the client onto their side
C. Help the client lie on the floor
D. Loosen the client's clothing
, Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The priority is to get the client to the floor to prevent injury from falling out of the
chair. After the client is safely on the floor, the nurse can move items away, turn the client to
the side to maintain airway, and loosen clothing.
Question 9
A nurse is preparing to administer a soap-suds enema to a client who has constipation. After
inserting the rectal tube, the client reports sudden, severe abdominal cramping. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Increase the height of the enema container to complete the procedure quickly
B. Stop the procedure immediately and notify the healthcare provider
C. Lower the enema container to slow the rate of the fluid infusion
D. Encourage the client to take short, panting breaths through the mouth
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sudden cramping during an enema is usually caused by the pressure of the fluid.
Lowering the container decreases the pressure and slows the flow, which typically relieves
the cramping. The nurse can also briefly clamp the tube until the cramp passes.
Question 10
A nurse is caring for a client who is unconscious and requires oral hygiene. Which of the
following actions is the priority for the nurse to take?
A. Use two fingers to keep the client's mouth open during the procedure
B. Place the client in a side-lying position with the head turned toward the nurse
C. Swab the client's mouth with lemon-glycerin swabs every 4 hours
D. Apply a thin layer of petroleum jelly to the client's lips
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The side-lying (lateral) position is the priority because it allows secretions to drain
out of the mouth by gravity, significantly reducing the risk of aspiration. Fingers should never
be placed in the mouth of an unconscious client due to the risk of a bite reflex.
Question 11
A nurse is preparing to lift a heavy object from the floor to a table. Which of the following
actions demonstrates the correct use of body mechanics?
A. Bend at the waist to reach the object while keeping the legs straight
B. Spread the feet apart to create a wide base of support
C. Hold the object as far away from the body as possible while lifting
