Test Bank for How Children Develop, 6th Canadian Edition
Author:Robert S. Siegler Chapter 1 & 2 Covered A+ Graded Latest
Edition
,Chapter 01: An Introduction to Child Development
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which statement about naturalistic observation is NOT true?
a. Researchers try not to influence the behaviors of the individuals they are observing.
b. Researchers must ensure that the effects they observe are due to the variables they intentionally
manipulated.
c. Obtaining sufficient interrater reliability is important.
d. The principal objective is to observe how people act in their usual surroundings.
2. Variables U and W have a correlation of –0.86. If it is known that Keira has a low score on U,
which statement would be the BEST prediction about her score on W?
a. Keira is likely to have a high score on W.
b. Keira is likely to have a low score on W.
c. Keira's score on W is likely to be higher than her score on U.
d. Keira's score on W cannot be predicted from her score on U.
3. Which method is the BEST way to divide participants into groups for an experiment?
a. dividing participants by hair color
b. allowing participants to choose which group to join
c. dividing participants by where their names fall on an alphabetic list
d. flipping a coin for each participant
4. Evidence for the enduring epigenetic impact of early experiences and behaviors on development comes from
what type of research?
a. research on methylation
b. meta-analysis
c. longitudinal studies
d. cross-sectional designs
5. Which statement about individuals' contributions to their own development is TRUE?
a. Most individuals rarely actively contribute to their own development.
b. Infants are incapable of actively contributing to their own development.
c. Individuals' active contributions to their own development strengthen as they age.
d. Individuals' active contributions to their own development weaken as they age.
,6. Considering the research on preschoolers' ability to provide accurate testimony about past events, which
piece of advice would be the MOST important for an interviewer to be told prior to interviewing a young
child?
a. Bring a doll to aid the child in answering your questions.
b. Make sure you know the answers to the questions before asking the child.
c. If you do not think the child has answered a question accurately, ask the question again.
d. Ask questions that will help children to testify accurately.
7. Which statement is NOT part of the logic of experimental designs?
a. Two or more groups of participants vary on one or more variables at the outset.
b. The participants within one group are given an experience that differs in only one way from the
experience given to participants in the other group.
c. The participants in different groups behave differently after the experiences.
d. The different experiences are concluded to have caused the subsequent difference in behavior.
8. Which premise is at the foundation of the scientific method?
a. If a hypothesis is repeatedly tested and found incorrect, it must be abandoned.
b. Some hypotheses cannot be tested scientifically.
c. Beliefs that are plausible to many experts are assumed to be accurate.
d. The scientific method is founded on all of these.
9. Which basic step of the scientific method is unique to that method?
a. Form a hypothesis.
b. Develop a method to test the hypothesis.
c. Ask a question.
d. Draw a conclusion.
10. Which statement about epigenetics is TRUE?
a. One's hereditary information stays constant throughout life.
b. One's DNA can be altered by experience.
c. Early experiences can alter the expression of one's genes.
d. All of these statements are true.
11. Researchers interested in understanding the process of change are MOST likely to use a design.
a. correlational
b. microgenetic
c. longitudinal
d. cross-sectional
, 12. Variables X and Y are negatively correlated, indicating that as the level of X increases, the level of Y ,
and as the level of X decreases, the level of Y .
a. increases; increases
b. increases; decreases
c. decreases; increases
d. decreases; decreases
13. One study discussed in the text demonstrated that the grades of children who were highly engaged in school
changed in more positive directions than would have been predicted by genetic background or family
environment alone. This finding is MOST supportive of the theory of
a. Watson.
b. Johnson.
c. Dweck.
d. Piaget.
14. A researcher would be MOST likely to use a microgenetic design to examine which topic?
a. basic pattern of age-related changes in a particular skill
b. pattern of stability and change in individual children's development in a particular area
c. how change in a particular skill occurs
d. how individual differences remain stable over long periods of time
15. Which person is MOST likely to develop schizophrenia, based on current research findings?
a. Stacey, whose first cousin suffers from the disorder
b. Margaret, whose grandfather suffers from the disorder
c. Brandon, whose father suffers from the disorder
d. Michael, whose sister suffers from the disorder
16. All demonstrate nature's influence on our development EXCEPT
a. the genome.
b. their personality.
c. epigenetics.
d. genetic differences.
17. When a child overcomes obstacles in development related to poverty or other negative experiences, he can
be said to be , according to the text.
a. resilient
b. strong
c. optimistic
d. full of GRIT
Author:Robert S. Siegler Chapter 1 & 2 Covered A+ Graded Latest
Edition
,Chapter 01: An Introduction to Child Development
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which statement about naturalistic observation is NOT true?
a. Researchers try not to influence the behaviors of the individuals they are observing.
b. Researchers must ensure that the effects they observe are due to the variables they intentionally
manipulated.
c. Obtaining sufficient interrater reliability is important.
d. The principal objective is to observe how people act in their usual surroundings.
2. Variables U and W have a correlation of –0.86. If it is known that Keira has a low score on U,
which statement would be the BEST prediction about her score on W?
a. Keira is likely to have a high score on W.
b. Keira is likely to have a low score on W.
c. Keira's score on W is likely to be higher than her score on U.
d. Keira's score on W cannot be predicted from her score on U.
3. Which method is the BEST way to divide participants into groups for an experiment?
a. dividing participants by hair color
b. allowing participants to choose which group to join
c. dividing participants by where their names fall on an alphabetic list
d. flipping a coin for each participant
4. Evidence for the enduring epigenetic impact of early experiences and behaviors on development comes from
what type of research?
a. research on methylation
b. meta-analysis
c. longitudinal studies
d. cross-sectional designs
5. Which statement about individuals' contributions to their own development is TRUE?
a. Most individuals rarely actively contribute to their own development.
b. Infants are incapable of actively contributing to their own development.
c. Individuals' active contributions to their own development strengthen as they age.
d. Individuals' active contributions to their own development weaken as they age.
,6. Considering the research on preschoolers' ability to provide accurate testimony about past events, which
piece of advice would be the MOST important for an interviewer to be told prior to interviewing a young
child?
a. Bring a doll to aid the child in answering your questions.
b. Make sure you know the answers to the questions before asking the child.
c. If you do not think the child has answered a question accurately, ask the question again.
d. Ask questions that will help children to testify accurately.
7. Which statement is NOT part of the logic of experimental designs?
a. Two or more groups of participants vary on one or more variables at the outset.
b. The participants within one group are given an experience that differs in only one way from the
experience given to participants in the other group.
c. The participants in different groups behave differently after the experiences.
d. The different experiences are concluded to have caused the subsequent difference in behavior.
8. Which premise is at the foundation of the scientific method?
a. If a hypothesis is repeatedly tested and found incorrect, it must be abandoned.
b. Some hypotheses cannot be tested scientifically.
c. Beliefs that are plausible to many experts are assumed to be accurate.
d. The scientific method is founded on all of these.
9. Which basic step of the scientific method is unique to that method?
a. Form a hypothesis.
b. Develop a method to test the hypothesis.
c. Ask a question.
d. Draw a conclusion.
10. Which statement about epigenetics is TRUE?
a. One's hereditary information stays constant throughout life.
b. One's DNA can be altered by experience.
c. Early experiences can alter the expression of one's genes.
d. All of these statements are true.
11. Researchers interested in understanding the process of change are MOST likely to use a design.
a. correlational
b. microgenetic
c. longitudinal
d. cross-sectional
, 12. Variables X and Y are negatively correlated, indicating that as the level of X increases, the level of Y ,
and as the level of X decreases, the level of Y .
a. increases; increases
b. increases; decreases
c. decreases; increases
d. decreases; decreases
13. One study discussed in the text demonstrated that the grades of children who were highly engaged in school
changed in more positive directions than would have been predicted by genetic background or family
environment alone. This finding is MOST supportive of the theory of
a. Watson.
b. Johnson.
c. Dweck.
d. Piaget.
14. A researcher would be MOST likely to use a microgenetic design to examine which topic?
a. basic pattern of age-related changes in a particular skill
b. pattern of stability and change in individual children's development in a particular area
c. how change in a particular skill occurs
d. how individual differences remain stable over long periods of time
15. Which person is MOST likely to develop schizophrenia, based on current research findings?
a. Stacey, whose first cousin suffers from the disorder
b. Margaret, whose grandfather suffers from the disorder
c. Brandon, whose father suffers from the disorder
d. Michael, whose sister suffers from the disorder
16. All demonstrate nature's influence on our development EXCEPT
a. the genome.
b. their personality.
c. epigenetics.
d. genetic differences.
17. When a child overcomes obstacles in development related to poverty or other negative experiences, he can
be said to be , according to the text.
a. resilient
b. strong
c. optimistic
d. full of GRIT
