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N212 PATHO EXAM 1 2026/2027
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS.
What are endorphins? - ANSWER-chemicals released by brain
that cause euphoria, sedation & elevation of the pain threshold
Homeostasis is the physiological condition in which all systems
are functioning at the ideal. True or false - ANSWER-false
Stages of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) - ANSWER-3
stages proposed by Seyle
1. alarm: fight or flight
2. resistance: mechanisms activated by alarm stage return to
baseline once stressor adequately addressed
3. exhaustion: body no longer able to return to homeostasis
Adaptation to stress is unsuccessful when homeostasis is not
maintained or restored. True or false - ANSWER-true
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Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and ________ is not
successful. - ANSWER-adaptation
3 systems involved in stress response: - ANSWER-1. Nervous
System (catecholomines)
2. Endocrine System (cortisol)
3. Immune response (immunity is decreased and inflammation
occurs)
Stress-induced norepinephrine results in: - ANSWER-peripheral
vasoconstriction
During a stress response, which hormone promotes increased
anxiety, vigilance, and arousal? - ANSWER-norepinephrine
Stress-induced sympathetic stimulation of the adrenal gland
causes the secretion of catecholamines, which include -
ANSWER-epinephrine and norepinephrine
N212 PATHO EXAM 1 2026/2027
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS.
What are endorphins? - ANSWER-chemicals released by brain
that cause euphoria, sedation & elevation of the pain threshold
Homeostasis is the physiological condition in which all systems
are functioning at the ideal. True or false - ANSWER-false
Stages of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) - ANSWER-3
stages proposed by Seyle
1. alarm: fight or flight
2. resistance: mechanisms activated by alarm stage return to
baseline once stressor adequately addressed
3. exhaustion: body no longer able to return to homeostasis
Adaptation to stress is unsuccessful when homeostasis is not
maintained or restored. True or false - ANSWER-true
, 2 | Page
Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and ________ is not
successful. - ANSWER-adaptation
3 systems involved in stress response: - ANSWER-1. Nervous
System (catecholomines)
2. Endocrine System (cortisol)
3. Immune response (immunity is decreased and inflammation
occurs)
Stress-induced norepinephrine results in: - ANSWER-peripheral
vasoconstriction
During a stress response, which hormone promotes increased
anxiety, vigilance, and arousal? - ANSWER-norepinephrine
Stress-induced sympathetic stimulation of the adrenal gland
causes the secretion of catecholamines, which include -
ANSWER-epinephrine and norepinephrine
