N212 Pathophysiology Exam
N212 Pathophysiology Exam 2 2026 Actual
Test Bank | Eastwick College | 200+ Questions
with Correct Answers & Detailed Rationales |
Latest Update
A nurse is caring for a client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
(SIADH). The nurse should monitor the client closely for
a. Loss of thirst, weight gain
b. Dependent edema, fever
c. Polydipsia, polyuria
d. Hypernatremia, tachypnea –
Correct Answer :a
A+ TEST BANK 1
, N212 Pathophysiology Exam
SIADH is caused by the excessive release of an antidiuretic hormonr (ADH). As a result of the
excess ADH, the client retains water creating a dilutional hyponatremia. SIADH causes
hyponatremia, not D.
A client with a markedly distended bladder is diagnosed with hydronephrosis and left
hydroureter after an IV pyelogram. The nurse catheterizes the client and obtains a residual
urine volume of 1650 ml. This finding supports which pathophysiological cause of the client's
urinary tract obstruction?
a. Obstruction at the urinary bladder neck.
b. Ureteral calculi obstruction.
c. Ureteropelvic junction stricture.
d. Partial post-renal obstruction due to ureteral stricture. –
Correct Answer :a
Hydroureter (dilation of the renal pelvis), vesicoureteral reflux (backward movement of urine
from the lower to upper urinary tracts), and hydronephrosis (dilation or enlargement of the
renal pelvis and calyces) result from post-renal obstruction which can consequently result in
chronic pyelonephritis and renal atrophy. Ascending urinary reflux occurs when normal
ureteral peristaltic pressure is met with an increase in urinary pressure occurring during
bladder filling if the urinary bladder neck is obstructed (A). A large residual urine does not
occur with (B, C, and D) because the urine can not get to the bladder.
Physical examination of a comatose client reveals decorticate posturing. Which statement is
accurate regarding this client's status based upon this finding?
A+ TEST BANK 2
, N212 Pathophysiology Exam
a. A cerebral infectious process is causing the posturing.
b. Severe dysfunction of the cerebral cortex has occurred.
c. There is a probable dysfunction of the midbrain.
d. The client is exhibiting signs of a brain tumor. –
Correct Answer :B
Decorticate posturing (adduction of arms at shoulders, flexion of arms on chest with wrists
flexed and hands fisted and extension and adduction of extremities) is seen with severe
dysfunction of the cerebral cortex (B). (A) is characteristic of meningitis. (C) is characterized
by decerebrate posturing (rigid extension and pronation of arms and legs). A client with (D)
may exhibit decorticate posturing, depending on the position of the tumor and the condition
of the client.
A client with a fractured right radius reports severe, diffuse pain that has not responded to
the prescribed analgesics. The pain is greater with passive movement of the limb than with
active movement by the client. The nurse recognizes that the client is most likely exhibiting
symptoms of which condition?
a. Acute compartment syndrome.
b. Fat embolism syndrome.
c. Venous thromboembolism.
d. Aseptic ischemic necrosis. –
Correct Answer :a
A+ TEST BANK 3
, N212 Pathophysiology Exam
Which clinical finding should the nurse identify in a client who is admitted with cardiac
cirrhosis?
A. Jaundice
B. Vomiting
C. Peripheral edema
D. Left upper quadrant pain –
Correct Answer :c
Four types of cirrhosis include: alcoholic, post-necrotic, bilary and cardiac cirrhosis, which is
associated with severe right sided heart failure, so peripheral edema (C) is most consisted
with right sided heart failure. Although (A) and (B) can occur in all types of cirrhosis, the most
defining characteristic of cardiac cirrhosis is related to heart failure. Hepatic engorgement can
occur in a client with HF or cirrhosis and cause right upper quadrant pain, not (D)
The nurse is planning care for a patient who has right a hemispheric stroke. Which nursing
diagnosis should the nurse include in the plan of care?
A. Impaired physical mobility related to right sided hemiplegia
B. Risk for injury related to denial of deficits and impulsiveness
C. Impaired verbal communication related to speech language deficits
D. Ineffective coping related to depression and distress about disability –
Correct Answer :b
With right brain damage, a client experiences difficulty in judgement and spatial perception
and is more likely to be impulsive and move quickly, which is why the nurse should note the
client is at risk for falls (B). Although clients with right and left hemisphere damage may
A+ TEST BANK 4
N212 Pathophysiology Exam 2 2026 Actual
Test Bank | Eastwick College | 200+ Questions
with Correct Answers & Detailed Rationales |
Latest Update
A nurse is caring for a client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
(SIADH). The nurse should monitor the client closely for
a. Loss of thirst, weight gain
b. Dependent edema, fever
c. Polydipsia, polyuria
d. Hypernatremia, tachypnea –
Correct Answer :a
A+ TEST BANK 1
, N212 Pathophysiology Exam
SIADH is caused by the excessive release of an antidiuretic hormonr (ADH). As a result of the
excess ADH, the client retains water creating a dilutional hyponatremia. SIADH causes
hyponatremia, not D.
A client with a markedly distended bladder is diagnosed with hydronephrosis and left
hydroureter after an IV pyelogram. The nurse catheterizes the client and obtains a residual
urine volume of 1650 ml. This finding supports which pathophysiological cause of the client's
urinary tract obstruction?
a. Obstruction at the urinary bladder neck.
b. Ureteral calculi obstruction.
c. Ureteropelvic junction stricture.
d. Partial post-renal obstruction due to ureteral stricture. –
Correct Answer :a
Hydroureter (dilation of the renal pelvis), vesicoureteral reflux (backward movement of urine
from the lower to upper urinary tracts), and hydronephrosis (dilation or enlargement of the
renal pelvis and calyces) result from post-renal obstruction which can consequently result in
chronic pyelonephritis and renal atrophy. Ascending urinary reflux occurs when normal
ureteral peristaltic pressure is met with an increase in urinary pressure occurring during
bladder filling if the urinary bladder neck is obstructed (A). A large residual urine does not
occur with (B, C, and D) because the urine can not get to the bladder.
Physical examination of a comatose client reveals decorticate posturing. Which statement is
accurate regarding this client's status based upon this finding?
A+ TEST BANK 2
, N212 Pathophysiology Exam
a. A cerebral infectious process is causing the posturing.
b. Severe dysfunction of the cerebral cortex has occurred.
c. There is a probable dysfunction of the midbrain.
d. The client is exhibiting signs of a brain tumor. –
Correct Answer :B
Decorticate posturing (adduction of arms at shoulders, flexion of arms on chest with wrists
flexed and hands fisted and extension and adduction of extremities) is seen with severe
dysfunction of the cerebral cortex (B). (A) is characteristic of meningitis. (C) is characterized
by decerebrate posturing (rigid extension and pronation of arms and legs). A client with (D)
may exhibit decorticate posturing, depending on the position of the tumor and the condition
of the client.
A client with a fractured right radius reports severe, diffuse pain that has not responded to
the prescribed analgesics. The pain is greater with passive movement of the limb than with
active movement by the client. The nurse recognizes that the client is most likely exhibiting
symptoms of which condition?
a. Acute compartment syndrome.
b. Fat embolism syndrome.
c. Venous thromboembolism.
d. Aseptic ischemic necrosis. –
Correct Answer :a
A+ TEST BANK 3
, N212 Pathophysiology Exam
Which clinical finding should the nurse identify in a client who is admitted with cardiac
cirrhosis?
A. Jaundice
B. Vomiting
C. Peripheral edema
D. Left upper quadrant pain –
Correct Answer :c
Four types of cirrhosis include: alcoholic, post-necrotic, bilary and cardiac cirrhosis, which is
associated with severe right sided heart failure, so peripheral edema (C) is most consisted
with right sided heart failure. Although (A) and (B) can occur in all types of cirrhosis, the most
defining characteristic of cardiac cirrhosis is related to heart failure. Hepatic engorgement can
occur in a client with HF or cirrhosis and cause right upper quadrant pain, not (D)
The nurse is planning care for a patient who has right a hemispheric stroke. Which nursing
diagnosis should the nurse include in the plan of care?
A. Impaired physical mobility related to right sided hemiplegia
B. Risk for injury related to denial of deficits and impulsiveness
C. Impaired verbal communication related to speech language deficits
D. Ineffective coping related to depression and distress about disability –
Correct Answer :b
With right brain damage, a client experiences difficulty in judgement and spatial perception
and is more likely to be impulsive and move quickly, which is why the nurse should note the
client is at risk for falls (B). Although clients with right and left hemisphere damage may
A+ TEST BANK 4
