BSC 108 — FINAL EXAM
BSC 108 Final Exam
Practice Question Bank
Comprehensive Practice Questions with Detailed Rationales
Introduction to Biology — 55 Practice Questions
Edition 1 · July 2026 · 55 Practice Questions
✓ BSC 108 — Introduction to Biology
Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales 2
,BSC 108 Page 1
,BSC 108 FINAL EXAM PRACTICE GUIDE INSTRUCTIONS & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale directly below it. The correct
option is marked, and each wrong option is explained so you understand why it's wrong — not
just that it is. This guide contains 55 practice questions covering key content areas for the BSC
108 Final Exam.
Category: BSC 108 — Comprehensive Final Review
1 In lakes and pond communities of plants, algae, and animals are distributed
according to:
A Depth of water.
B Distance from shore.
C Number of predators.
D Number of prey.
Why A and B are correct: In lakes and ponds, organisms are distributed according to
depth of water (which affects light penetration, temperature, and oxygen levels) and
distance from shore (which affects wave action, nutrient availability, and habitat structure).
These abiotic factors create distinct zones within aquatic ecosystems. Predator and prey
numbers influence distribution but are not the primary factors.
C — Predator numbers influence distribution but are not the primary factor.
D — Prey numbers influence distribution but are not the primary factor.
, 2 A population of lizards live on a farm. On the farm is a green field with a brown
wooden fence surrounding it. The blue birds love to eat lizards. For a bird to eat the
lizard it must be able to "see" its prey. Which of the following statements is correct?
A Green lizards living in the grassy area will be preyed upon more.
B Brown lizards living in the grassy area will be preyed upon more.
C Color has no bearing on which lizard will be preyed upon more.
D Green and Brown lizards living on the fence will be preyed upon equally.
Why B is correct: Brown lizards living in the grassy area will be preyed upon more because
they are not camouflaged against the green background. Green lizards are better
camouflaged in the green grass, making them harder for blue birds to see. This
demonstrates natural selection and camouflage as an adaptation.
A — Green lizards are camouflaged in the grass, so they will be preyed upon less.
C — Color does affect predation rates through camouflage.
D — On the brown fence, brown lizards would be camouflaged; green lizards would be more
visible.
3 The top level of a food chain is the 4th level. Why is there almost never any 5th level
consumers?
A The 4th level consumers already occupy the best territories.
B There is not enough energy available to sustain a 5th level.
C Consumers eat a broad variety of prey so we have a food web rather than a food
chain.
Why B is correct: There is not enough energy available to sustain a 5th trophic level.
Energy transfer between trophic levels is only about 10% efficient, meaning that after 4
levels, very little energy remains to support additional levels. This is known as the 10% law
of energy transfer in ecosystems.
A — Territories do not limit trophic levels.
C — Food webs are more complex than food chains, but energy limitation still applies.
BSC 108 Final Exam
Practice Question Bank
Comprehensive Practice Questions with Detailed Rationales
Introduction to Biology — 55 Practice Questions
Edition 1 · July 2026 · 55 Practice Questions
✓ BSC 108 — Introduction to Biology
Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales 2
,BSC 108 Page 1
,BSC 108 FINAL EXAM PRACTICE GUIDE INSTRUCTIONS & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale directly below it. The correct
option is marked, and each wrong option is explained so you understand why it's wrong — not
just that it is. This guide contains 55 practice questions covering key content areas for the BSC
108 Final Exam.
Category: BSC 108 — Comprehensive Final Review
1 In lakes and pond communities of plants, algae, and animals are distributed
according to:
A Depth of water.
B Distance from shore.
C Number of predators.
D Number of prey.
Why A and B are correct: In lakes and ponds, organisms are distributed according to
depth of water (which affects light penetration, temperature, and oxygen levels) and
distance from shore (which affects wave action, nutrient availability, and habitat structure).
These abiotic factors create distinct zones within aquatic ecosystems. Predator and prey
numbers influence distribution but are not the primary factors.
C — Predator numbers influence distribution but are not the primary factor.
D — Prey numbers influence distribution but are not the primary factor.
, 2 A population of lizards live on a farm. On the farm is a green field with a brown
wooden fence surrounding it. The blue birds love to eat lizards. For a bird to eat the
lizard it must be able to "see" its prey. Which of the following statements is correct?
A Green lizards living in the grassy area will be preyed upon more.
B Brown lizards living in the grassy area will be preyed upon more.
C Color has no bearing on which lizard will be preyed upon more.
D Green and Brown lizards living on the fence will be preyed upon equally.
Why B is correct: Brown lizards living in the grassy area will be preyed upon more because
they are not camouflaged against the green background. Green lizards are better
camouflaged in the green grass, making them harder for blue birds to see. This
demonstrates natural selection and camouflage as an adaptation.
A — Green lizards are camouflaged in the grass, so they will be preyed upon less.
C — Color does affect predation rates through camouflage.
D — On the brown fence, brown lizards would be camouflaged; green lizards would be more
visible.
3 The top level of a food chain is the 4th level. Why is there almost never any 5th level
consumers?
A The 4th level consumers already occupy the best territories.
B There is not enough energy available to sustain a 5th level.
C Consumers eat a broad variety of prey so we have a food web rather than a food
chain.
Why B is correct: There is not enough energy available to sustain a 5th trophic level.
Energy transfer between trophic levels is only about 10% efficient, meaning that after 4
levels, very little energy remains to support additional levels. This is known as the 10% law
of energy transfer in ecosystems.
A — Territories do not limit trophic levels.
C — Food webs are more complex than food chains, but energy limitation still applies.
