Hesi A2 Biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2yrami
1. Hierarchic Orga- Kingdom
nizational sys- Phylum
tem for nomen- Class
clature Order
Family
Genus
Species (Least)
"Keep Penguins Cool Or Find Good Shelter"
2. Scientific Method Observation
Hypothesis
Experiment
Conclusion
3. Water All life, and therefore biology , occurs in water.
4. Properties of Wa- 2 Hydrogen bonds Covalently bonded to Oxygen.
ter
Hydrogen Bonding between molecules.
- High specific heat
- Large bodies or water stabilize climates
- Strong cohesive and adhesive properties
- Water freezes forms a lattice crystal resulting in ice floating in water.
- Polarity of water allows it to act as a universal solvent.
- Water can be used to dissolve different solvents.
5. Carbohydrates Long chains, or polymers of sugar. Most importantly form the backbone of DNA
and RNA.
6. Saturated Clogs arteries. NO DOUBLE BONDS in their hydrocarbon tail. SOLID @ room
temperature.
7. Unsaturated Double bond in their hydrocarbon tail. LIQUID at room temperature.
, Hesi A2 Biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2yrami
8. Phospholipids Phosphate group (polar) soluble in water. Hydrocarbon tail of fatty acids is
nonpolar and nonsoluble in water.
Ex. Cell Membrane
9. Steroids Are lipids, which are precursors to hormones and drugs
10. Proteins They are Polymers of 20 molecules called Amino Acids. Enzymes are a type
of protein, which catalyze different reactions or processes. LARGEST Biological
Molecule
11. Cell Fundamental unit of biology
12. Prokaryotic Cells NO defined nucleus and NO membrane- bound organelles.
13. Eukaryotic Cells Membrane-enclosed nucleus and series of membrane-bound organelles that
carry out the functions of the cell as directed by the genetic information contained
in the nucleus.
14. Nucleus Contains DNA called Chromosomes.
15. Ribosomes Are organelles that read the RNA produced in the nucleus and TRANSLATE the
genetic instructions to produce PROTEINS.
16. Bound ribo- Are found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
somes
, Hesi A2 Biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2yrami
17. Free ribosomes Are found in the cytoplasm
18. Endoplasmic Attached to the nucleur membrane and consists of two continuous parts.
reticulum
19. Rough ER Covered in RIBOSOMES and is responsible for PROTEIN SYNTHESIS and mem-
brane production.
20. Smooth ER NO ribosomes. It functions in the DETOXification and METABOLISM of multiple
molecules.
21. Golgi Apparatus Packaging, processing and shipping. "UPS"
22. Lysosomes Intracellular DIGESTION. hydrolyze proteins, fats, sugars, and nucleic acids.
23. Vacuoles
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2yrami
1. Hierarchic Orga- Kingdom
nizational sys- Phylum
tem for nomen- Class
clature Order
Family
Genus
Species (Least)
"Keep Penguins Cool Or Find Good Shelter"
2. Scientific Method Observation
Hypothesis
Experiment
Conclusion
3. Water All life, and therefore biology , occurs in water.
4. Properties of Wa- 2 Hydrogen bonds Covalently bonded to Oxygen.
ter
Hydrogen Bonding between molecules.
- High specific heat
- Large bodies or water stabilize climates
- Strong cohesive and adhesive properties
- Water freezes forms a lattice crystal resulting in ice floating in water.
- Polarity of water allows it to act as a universal solvent.
- Water can be used to dissolve different solvents.
5. Carbohydrates Long chains, or polymers of sugar. Most importantly form the backbone of DNA
and RNA.
6. Saturated Clogs arteries. NO DOUBLE BONDS in their hydrocarbon tail. SOLID @ room
temperature.
7. Unsaturated Double bond in their hydrocarbon tail. LIQUID at room temperature.
, Hesi A2 Biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2yrami
8. Phospholipids Phosphate group (polar) soluble in water. Hydrocarbon tail of fatty acids is
nonpolar and nonsoluble in water.
Ex. Cell Membrane
9. Steroids Are lipids, which are precursors to hormones and drugs
10. Proteins They are Polymers of 20 molecules called Amino Acids. Enzymes are a type
of protein, which catalyze different reactions or processes. LARGEST Biological
Molecule
11. Cell Fundamental unit of biology
12. Prokaryotic Cells NO defined nucleus and NO membrane- bound organelles.
13. Eukaryotic Cells Membrane-enclosed nucleus and series of membrane-bound organelles that
carry out the functions of the cell as directed by the genetic information contained
in the nucleus.
14. Nucleus Contains DNA called Chromosomes.
15. Ribosomes Are organelles that read the RNA produced in the nucleus and TRANSLATE the
genetic instructions to produce PROTEINS.
16. Bound ribo- Are found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
somes
, Hesi A2 Biology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2yrami
17. Free ribosomes Are found in the cytoplasm
18. Endoplasmic Attached to the nucleur membrane and consists of two continuous parts.
reticulum
19. Rough ER Covered in RIBOSOMES and is responsible for PROTEIN SYNTHESIS and mem-
brane production.
20. Smooth ER NO ribosomes. It functions in the DETOXification and METABOLISM of multiple
molecules.
21. Golgi Apparatus Packaging, processing and shipping. "UPS"
22. Lysosomes Intracellular DIGESTION. hydrolyze proteins, fats, sugars, and nucleic acids.
23. Vacuoles
