ATI Community Health: Epidemiology & Disease
Prevention Exam 2 2026 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
1. A community health nurse is teaching a group of older adults about influenza
vaccinations. This is an example of which level of prevention?
A. Quaternary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Primary prevention
Answer: D
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of a disease or
injury. Vaccinations are a classic example of primary prevention.
2. A nurse is conducting a skin cancer screening at a local community center.
This activity represents which level of prevention?
A. Primary prevention
B. Health promotion
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Secondary prevention
Answer: D
Rationale: Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of disease with
the goal of limiting severity and adverse effects. Screening is the hallmark of secondary
prevention.
,3. Which component of the epidemiological triangle refers to the physical,
social, and economic factors that influence the health of a population?
A. The Agent
B. The Host
C. The Environment
D. The Vector
Answer: C
Rationale: The environment includes all external conditions (physical, social, biological)
that interact with the host and agent to influence health status.
4. A nurse is investigating the number of new cases of HIV in a city over the past
year. What epidemiological measure is being calculated?
A. Incidence rate
B. Prevalence rate
C. Attack rate
D. Mortality rate
Answer: A
Rationale: Incidence rate refers to the number of new cases of a disease in a population at
risk during a specified period of time.
5. When looking at the total number of people living with Type 2 Diabetes in a
county, the nurse is assessing the:
A. Prevalence rate
B. Incidence rate
C. Case-fatality rate
D. Proportional mortality ratio
Answer: A
Rationale: Prevalence rate accounts for all existing cases (both old and new) in a
population at a specific point in time.
, 6. A disease that is constantly present in a specific geographic area or
population is considered:
A. Epidemic
B. Pandemic
C. Endemic
D. Sporadic
Answer: C
Rationale: Endemic refers to the constant presence and/or usual prevalence of a disease
or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area.
7. Which of the following describes ‘herd immunity’?
A. Immunity acquired through the administration of antibodies.
B. Immunity that occurs when a large portion of a community becomes immune to a disease.
C. Immunity passed from mother to infant through breast milk.
D. Immunity following a natural infection of a pathogen.
Answer: B
Rationale: Herd immunity occurs when a significant portion of a population is immune,
making it difficult for a disease to spread to those who are not immune.
8. A nurse is teaching a patient about how Lyme disease is transmitted. Which
element of the chain of infection is the tick?
A. Reservoir
B. Portal of entry
C. Infectious agent
D. Vector
Answer: D
Rationale: A vector is a living organism, like a tick or mosquito, that carries and transmits
an infectious agent to another living organism.
Prevention Exam 2 2026 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
1. A community health nurse is teaching a group of older adults about influenza
vaccinations. This is an example of which level of prevention?
A. Quaternary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Primary prevention
Answer: D
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of a disease or
injury. Vaccinations are a classic example of primary prevention.
2. A nurse is conducting a skin cancer screening at a local community center.
This activity represents which level of prevention?
A. Primary prevention
B. Health promotion
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Secondary prevention
Answer: D
Rationale: Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of disease with
the goal of limiting severity and adverse effects. Screening is the hallmark of secondary
prevention.
,3. Which component of the epidemiological triangle refers to the physical,
social, and economic factors that influence the health of a population?
A. The Agent
B. The Host
C. The Environment
D. The Vector
Answer: C
Rationale: The environment includes all external conditions (physical, social, biological)
that interact with the host and agent to influence health status.
4. A nurse is investigating the number of new cases of HIV in a city over the past
year. What epidemiological measure is being calculated?
A. Incidence rate
B. Prevalence rate
C. Attack rate
D. Mortality rate
Answer: A
Rationale: Incidence rate refers to the number of new cases of a disease in a population at
risk during a specified period of time.
5. When looking at the total number of people living with Type 2 Diabetes in a
county, the nurse is assessing the:
A. Prevalence rate
B. Incidence rate
C. Case-fatality rate
D. Proportional mortality ratio
Answer: A
Rationale: Prevalence rate accounts for all existing cases (both old and new) in a
population at a specific point in time.
, 6. A disease that is constantly present in a specific geographic area or
population is considered:
A. Epidemic
B. Pandemic
C. Endemic
D. Sporadic
Answer: C
Rationale: Endemic refers to the constant presence and/or usual prevalence of a disease
or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area.
7. Which of the following describes ‘herd immunity’?
A. Immunity acquired through the administration of antibodies.
B. Immunity that occurs when a large portion of a community becomes immune to a disease.
C. Immunity passed from mother to infant through breast milk.
D. Immunity following a natural infection of a pathogen.
Answer: B
Rationale: Herd immunity occurs when a significant portion of a population is immune,
making it difficult for a disease to spread to those who are not immune.
8. A nurse is teaching a patient about how Lyme disease is transmitted. Which
element of the chain of infection is the tick?
A. Reservoir
B. Portal of entry
C. Infectious agent
D. Vector
Answer: D
Rationale: A vector is a living organism, like a tick or mosquito, that carries and transmits
an infectious agent to another living organism.
