CAPSTONE FUNDAMENTALS EXAM STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPGRADED 2026/2027

Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw




CAPSTONE FUNDAMENTALS EXAM STUDY QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS UPGRADED 2026/2027

Anurseis completinganutritionalassessment ona client andmeasures bodymass index (B MI)
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.WhichofthefollowingreadingscorrelateswithaBMIofanoverweightclient?
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A. 18.5
B.24.9 sw




C.25 sw




D.32-CorrectAnswer✔C.25
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Rationale:Healthy indicatesbyaBMIof18.5-24.9.Overweightisdefinedas sw w
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anincreased sw relationtoheight.ItisindicatedbyaBMIof25-29.9. w
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Obesityisanexcessamountofbodyfat.ItisindicatedbyaBMIgreaterthanorequal
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to30. sw




Underweight-lessthan18.5

Anurseisverifyingnasogastrictube thepHofaspirated
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WhichofthefollowingpHvaluesprovidesagoodindicationof
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A.2 sw




B.5 sw




C.7 sw




D.9-CorrectAnswer✔A.2
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Rationale: indicationofappropriateplacement gastriccontentswith sw w
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apHbetween 0and4. w
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Anurseiscaringforaclientwithaclosedheadinjury.Whenpressure
sw tosw w
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client'snailbeds,theclient'seyesopenandadductionofthe
sw flexionofthe sw w
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elbowsandwristsisnoted.The moanswith sw theclient's w
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GlascowComaScore? sw w
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A.4 sw




B.7 sw




C.9 sw




D.10- sw




CorrectAnswer✔B.7(comatose) Rationale: EyeO df sw




pening (rangesfrom4- df




1)4=spontaneoussw sw sw




3= tovoice2
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=topain1= none
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Verbal(ranges from5- df




1) 5 = orientedsw sw sw




4=confused
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Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw

,Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw




3=inappropriatewords 2=incom
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prehensiblesounds1= none df sw sw




Motor(ragedfrom6-
s 1)6=obeyscomman
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d
5=localizes pain4 df sw




=withdraws
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3 =flexion(decorticateposturing) 2 =extension(dec
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erebrateposturing)1 sw




=none
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Anurseshouldteachwhichofthe requiringcrutches
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athree-
A. who sw tobearfull bothlowerextremities. w
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B. whohasbilaterallegbracesduetoparalysisofthelowerextremities.
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C. whohasarightfemurfracturewithnoweightbearingontheaffectedleg.
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D. whohasbilateralknee-replacementswithpartialweightbearingonbothlegs.
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-
theaffectedleg. sw w
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Rationale: pointgait clienttobearallofhisweightononefoot.With sw w
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theclientbears both crutchesandthenontheuninvolved w
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leg,repeatingthesequence.Theaffected
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Anurseisprovidingteaching Mediterraneandiettoaclientwhohasanew
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diagnosisifhypertension.Whichofthefollowingstatementsby a sw w
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needforfurtherteaching? sw sw w
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A."Iwill intakeof redmeattotwice weekly." sw sw w
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B."Icanhavedairyinmoderateportionsdaily."
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C."Icanhavefishtwotimesaweek."
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D."Ican inmoderation."-
sw sw Answer✔A."Iwilllimitmyintakeofred
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meattotwice weekly." sw w
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Rationale:FollowingtheMediterraneandiet,redmeatshouldbelimitedtotwotimes sw w
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monthly.Theclientshouldhavedairyinmoderate toweekly.Theintake
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offishandseafood
sw leasttwotimesperweek.Drinkingwineisacceptablein
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moderation.

Anurseisprovidingdietaryeducationtoaclientwithcholecystitiswhohasbeenprescribed alo
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w-
fat diet.Whichofthefollowingmealselectionsbytheclient indicatesunderstandingofeduc ation
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?
A. Roastbeefwithgravy,mashedpotatoes,icecream w
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B. Macaroniandcheese,salad,pudding w
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C. Creamedchickenonarollwithpeas w
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D. Roast turkey,ricepilaf,greenbeans - df sw w
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Correct Answer✔D.Roast turkey,ricepilaf,greenbeans df sw w
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Rationale: Roast turkey is a low- sw sw sw sw sw




fat proteinoptionthatwouldbeanexcellent choiceforalow-fatdiet.
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Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw

, Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw




Aclient withacystoceleis encouragedto exercisetostrengthenpelvicfloormusclesandpr even
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t pelvis organ prolapse.What exercise will the client need to perform?
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A. Kegelexercises
B. Isometric exercises df




C. Circumductionexercises
D. Uterineextensionexercises- sw sw sw




Correct Answer✔A.KegelexercisesRationale:Kegelexercises strengthenthe pe lvic floor
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muscles,whichresultsin sw w
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reductionorpreventionofpelvicprolapseandstressurinaryincontinence.Theothermention ed
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exercises have no direct effect on prevention orreductionof acystocele.
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Anurseiscaringforanolderadult delirium.Whichinterventionwillmost
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effectivelyreducetheclient's falls? sw w
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A.Use ofanight-light.
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B.Demonstratehowtousethecalllight.
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C.Placebedsidetableincloseproximity.
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reducestheoccurrenceofclientfallsaswellasreducingcalllightusageandincreasing w
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clientsatisfaction.
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Anurseiscaringfora prescribedfurosemide.Whichofthe
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followingfoodsshouldthenurseencouragetoincludeinhisdiet?
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A.Tablesaltsw sw




B.Eggyolks sw sw




C.Whitewine sw sw




D. sw Answer✔D.Oranges w
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ionale: ientprescribedpotassium-wastingdiureticsshouldbeencouragedtoeat sw sw sw sw




foodshighinpotassium.Oranges,driedfruits,tomatoes,avocados,driedpeas,meats,
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broccoli,and allgoodsourcesofpotassium.Table
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sourceofpotassium. sw sw




Amenopausal havingdifficultygettingtosleepandasks she w
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shouldincorporateinherdailyroutinetopromotesleep.Thenursewouldencourage w
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whichofthe sw sw w
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A.Consumeawarm
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B. Takeaneveningwalkbeforebedtime. sw sw sw w
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C. Takeanafternoonnap. w
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D. Limit alcoholandnicotinepriorto bedtime.-
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Correct Answer✔D.Limit alcoholandnicotinepriortobedtime.
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Rationale: Limit alcohol, caffeine (stimulant), andnicotine (stimulant) at least 4 hrbefore bed tim
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e. Exercise regularly; limit exercise at least 2 hrbefore bedtime. Limit fluids 2 to 4 hr before bedti
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me.

Anurse is caring fora client with a stage 2 pressure ulcer. Define the characteristics of the ulc er.
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Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw