,NR 228 Final Exam | Nutrition, Health & Wellness | Questions &
Answers | 2026/2027 Chamberlain
1.** A client is learning about the six categories of nutrients. Which response
indicates the client understands the information?
A) "The six categories are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals,
and fiber."
B) "The six categories are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals,
and water."
C) "The six categories are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, sugars, minerals,
and water."
D) "The six categories are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals,
and alcohol."
**Correct Answer:** B) "The six categories are carbohydrates, proteins,
lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water."
**Rationale:** The six categories of nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins,
lipids (fats), vitamins, minerals, and water. Fiber is a type of carbohydrate,
not a separate nutrient category. Alcohol is not considered a nutrient.
---
**2.** Which nutrients are classified as energy-yielding macronutrients?
A) Vitamins, minerals, and water
B) Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
C) Carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
D) Proteins, water, and fiber
,**Correct Answer:** B) Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
**Rationale:** Carbohydrates (4 kcal/g), proteins (4 kcal/g), and lipids (9
kcal/g) are the energy-yielding macronutrients. Vitamins, minerals, and water
do not provide energy but are essential for metabolic processes.
---
**3.** A client consumed a meal containing 45 g of carbohydrates, 25 g of
protein, and 18 g of fat. How many total kilocalories did the client consume?
A) 352 kcal
B) 442 kcal
C) 512 kcal
D) 602 kcal
**Correct Answer:** B) 442 kcal
**Rationale:** Carbohydrates: 45 g × 4 kcal = 180 kcal. Protein: 25 g × 4
kcal = 100 kcal. Fat: 18 g × 9 kcal = 162 kcal. Total: 180 + 100 + 162 = 442
kcal.
---
**4.** A client asks the nurse why carbohydrates are important in the diet.
Which response is most accurate?
A) "Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy and fuel for the
brain."
, B) "Carbohydrates are mainly used for building and repairing body tissues."
C) "Carbohydrates are essential for insulating the body and protecting
organs."
D) "Carbohydrates are primarily used for forming enzymes and hormones."
**Correct Answer:** A) "Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of
energy and fuel for the brain."
**Rationale:** Carbohydrates are the body's preferred and most readily
available source of energy. The brain and central nervous system rely almost
exclusively on glucose for fuel.
---
**5.** Which of the following is a complete protein source?
A) Beans
B) Rice
C) Eggs
D) Corn
**Correct Answer:** C) Eggs
**Rationale:** Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids in
adequate amounts. Animal sources such as eggs, meat, fish, poultry, and
dairy are complete proteins. Plant sources such as beans, rice, and corn are
typically incomplete.
---
Answers | 2026/2027 Chamberlain
1.** A client is learning about the six categories of nutrients. Which response
indicates the client understands the information?
A) "The six categories are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals,
and fiber."
B) "The six categories are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals,
and water."
C) "The six categories are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, sugars, minerals,
and water."
D) "The six categories are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals,
and alcohol."
**Correct Answer:** B) "The six categories are carbohydrates, proteins,
lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water."
**Rationale:** The six categories of nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins,
lipids (fats), vitamins, minerals, and water. Fiber is a type of carbohydrate,
not a separate nutrient category. Alcohol is not considered a nutrient.
---
**2.** Which nutrients are classified as energy-yielding macronutrients?
A) Vitamins, minerals, and water
B) Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
C) Carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
D) Proteins, water, and fiber
,**Correct Answer:** B) Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
**Rationale:** Carbohydrates (4 kcal/g), proteins (4 kcal/g), and lipids (9
kcal/g) are the energy-yielding macronutrients. Vitamins, minerals, and water
do not provide energy but are essential for metabolic processes.
---
**3.** A client consumed a meal containing 45 g of carbohydrates, 25 g of
protein, and 18 g of fat. How many total kilocalories did the client consume?
A) 352 kcal
B) 442 kcal
C) 512 kcal
D) 602 kcal
**Correct Answer:** B) 442 kcal
**Rationale:** Carbohydrates: 45 g × 4 kcal = 180 kcal. Protein: 25 g × 4
kcal = 100 kcal. Fat: 18 g × 9 kcal = 162 kcal. Total: 180 + 100 + 162 = 442
kcal.
---
**4.** A client asks the nurse why carbohydrates are important in the diet.
Which response is most accurate?
A) "Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy and fuel for the
brain."
, B) "Carbohydrates are mainly used for building and repairing body tissues."
C) "Carbohydrates are essential for insulating the body and protecting
organs."
D) "Carbohydrates are primarily used for forming enzymes and hormones."
**Correct Answer:** A) "Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of
energy and fuel for the brain."
**Rationale:** Carbohydrates are the body's preferred and most readily
available source of energy. The brain and central nervous system rely almost
exclusively on glucose for fuel.
---
**5.** Which of the following is a complete protein source?
A) Beans
B) Rice
C) Eggs
D) Corn
**Correct Answer:** C) Eggs
**Rationale:** Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids in
adequate amounts. Animal sources such as eggs, meat, fish, poultry, and
dairy are complete proteins. Plant sources such as beans, rice, and corn are
typically incomplete.
---
