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SCI 225 Pathophysiology Midterm Study Guide 2026 – Questions & Correct Answers | A+ Exam Prep

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SCI 225 Pathophysiology Midteṙm Study Guide A+GṘADED /.The nurse is caring for a patient with a genetic disease that is transmitted through autosomal recessive inheritance. Which is the most likely diagnosis for this patient? (NC) - Answer-Cystic Fibrosis /.Adaptive cellular mechanisms function to: (NC) - Answer-protect the cells from injury /.The nurse in the genetics clinic is describing a genetic disease that leads to progressve dementia in middle to later adulthood. To which disease is the nurse most likely referring to? (NC) - Answer-Huntington Disease /.The triplet of base pairs necessary to code for a specific amino acid is called a? (NC) - Answer-Codon /.The outward manifestation of a disease, often influenced by both genes and the environment, is called the disease? (NC) - Answer-Phenotype /.The condition that occurs when a zygot is missing in each cell is referred to as? (NC) - Answer-monosomy /.The process by which RNA is formed from DNA for protein synthesis is? (NC) - Answer-Transcription /.The somatic cell that contians a multiple of 23 chromosomes is called? (NC) - Answer-euploid cell /.Which is the chief function of ribosomes? (NC) - Answer-protein synthesis /.A disease results in the accumulation of lipids in the nerve cells of the brain is? (NC) - Answer-Tay-Sachs Disease /.Cellular Atrophy: (NC) ** - Answer-a decrease in cell size /.The process by which cells program themselves to die? (NC) ** - Answer-Apoptosis /.Which causes metaplasia in humans? (NC) - Answer-cell injury from noxious stimuli /.The postmortem decrease in a patient's body temperature will be documented as? (NC) - Answer-Algor Mortis /.Dysplasia is characterized by abnormal changes in? (NC) - Answer-Cell secretions /.Clastogens are agents that cause? (NC) - Answer-Chromosomal breakage /.Which organ is most frequently affected by chronic alcohol (ethanol) injury? (NC) - Answer-Liver /.The nurse documents "tattoing and stippling" in a trauma patient. Which type of injury does this patient have? (NC) - Answer-Gunshot wounds /.When a patient has an extreme laceration (laceration with a flap), which medical term should the nurse document on the chart? (NC) - Answer-An Avulsion /.A patient with a combined immune deficieny lacks: (NC) - Answer-T and B lympocytes /.When assessing a patient with SLE, you should expect to identify? (NC) - Answer-Arthralgia, anemia, and rash /.Your patient is having a reaction to a bee sting. Which type of hypersensitivity are they displaying? (NC) - Answer-Type 1 /.The major phagocytic cells in inflammation are? (NC) - Answer-Neutrophils and Macrophages /.What is the role of plasmin in the inflammatory response cycle? (NC) - Answer-It controls clotting by breaking down fibrin /.Among the many innate defenses the body has to pathogens, the first line of defense is the? (NC) - Answer-Skin and mucuous membranes /.What term is used to describe the process of endocyosis? (NC) - Answer-Engulfment /.DiGeorge Syndrome is characterized by absence or underdevelopment of which organ? (NC) - Answer-Thymus /.Which substance is released during a viral infection and signals neighboring cells to enhance viral defenses? (NC) - Answer-Interferon /.You're planning a community teaching even about Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). To which population should your teaching be primarily targeted? (NC) - Answer-Women; 20-40 years old /.Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major plasma buffering system? (Q) - Answer-Carbonic Acid/Bicarbonate

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