CABG EXAM 2 NSG 2600 2026/2027 | CARDIAC NURSING STUDY
GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS & EXAM REVIEW
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) - correct answer ✔✔is the most common type of cardiac surgery
and the most common procedure for older adults (half of causes performed on >65 years or older)
Purpose - correct answer ✔✔- graft allows blood to bypass obstructed areas of the coronary arteries
- provides adequate blood flow to myocardial tissue distal to lesion
- improved blood flow improves oxygenation
Indications - correct answer ✔✔patients who do not respond to medical treatment of coronary artery
disease or with progression of disease:
- lifestyle changes (smoking, diet, activity)
- medications (antianginals, antihypertensives, cholesterol-lowering)
- unstable angina
- ischemia diagnosed by cardiac catheterization or with heart failure
- myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock
- coronary vessels are unsuitable for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or stent
results - correct answer ✔✔- does not increase lifespan
- improves quality of life
- is most effective when the patient has adequate ventricular function and an ejection fraction or 50% or
greater
Pre-op: Assessment - correct answer ✔✔- signs and symptoms of angina or MI
- signs and symptoms of heart failure
- anxiety
Risk factors for surgery - correct answer ✔✔non-modifiable: age, gender (more likely in women), CAD,
Hx of MI
modifiable: smoking, hypertension, diabetes (risk for infection, poor healing)
Knowing culture - correct answer ✔✔Jehovah witness do not receive blood products
Diagnostic tests - correct answer ✔✔- CBC (low Hg and HCT can occur)
- BMP (hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia)
- coagulation studies (given heparin and then reversed)
- type and cross
- ABG
- pulmonary function test for patient's with lung disease
- urinalysis
- MRSA panel
- chest x-ray
- ECG
- carotid and peripheral doppler studies (vein mapping for determining what veins to use)
- cardiac catheterization (always preformed pre-op to determine where the blockages are)
GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS & EXAM REVIEW
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) - correct answer ✔✔is the most common type of cardiac surgery
and the most common procedure for older adults (half of causes performed on >65 years or older)
Purpose - correct answer ✔✔- graft allows blood to bypass obstructed areas of the coronary arteries
- provides adequate blood flow to myocardial tissue distal to lesion
- improved blood flow improves oxygenation
Indications - correct answer ✔✔patients who do not respond to medical treatment of coronary artery
disease or with progression of disease:
- lifestyle changes (smoking, diet, activity)
- medications (antianginals, antihypertensives, cholesterol-lowering)
- unstable angina
- ischemia diagnosed by cardiac catheterization or with heart failure
- myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock
- coronary vessels are unsuitable for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or stent
results - correct answer ✔✔- does not increase lifespan
- improves quality of life
- is most effective when the patient has adequate ventricular function and an ejection fraction or 50% or
greater
Pre-op: Assessment - correct answer ✔✔- signs and symptoms of angina or MI
- signs and symptoms of heart failure
- anxiety
Risk factors for surgery - correct answer ✔✔non-modifiable: age, gender (more likely in women), CAD,
Hx of MI
modifiable: smoking, hypertension, diabetes (risk for infection, poor healing)
Knowing culture - correct answer ✔✔Jehovah witness do not receive blood products
Diagnostic tests - correct answer ✔✔- CBC (low Hg and HCT can occur)
- BMP (hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia)
- coagulation studies (given heparin and then reversed)
- type and cross
- ABG
- pulmonary function test for patient's with lung disease
- urinalysis
- MRSA panel
- chest x-ray
- ECG
- carotid and peripheral doppler studies (vein mapping for determining what veins to use)
- cardiac catheterization (always preformed pre-op to determine where the blockages are)
