DHT FINAL EXAM REVIEW ACTUAL LATEST 2026-2027
EXAM COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+||BRAND NEW.
QUESTION
Which one of the following is the most highly mineralized tissue in the body?
a) Cementum
b) Bone
c) Dentin
d) Enamel
CORRECT ANS: d) Enamel
Expert Rationale
Enamel is the most highly mineralized tissue in the human body (option d). It is
composed of approximately 96% inorganic material (primarily hydroxyapatite), 3%
water, and 1% organic matrix. This high mineral content makes enamel the hardest
tissue in the body, providing a durable, wear-resistant surface for mastication. Its high
mineral content also makes it brittle and susceptible to fracture.
Option a is incorrect; cementum is less mineralized (about 45-50% inorganic). Option b
is incorrect; bone is about 65% mineral. Option c is incorrect; dentin is about 70%
mineral.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Dental Anatomy
MSC: DHT: Dental Anatomy
,QUESTION
Calculus-control ("tartar-control") dentifrices contain:
a) A calcium and phosphorus system.
b) A pyrophosphate or zinc system.
c) Sodium fluoride.
d) A stannous fluoride system.
CORRECT ANS: b) A pyrophosphate or zinc system.
Expert Rationale
Calculus-control dentifrices typically contain pyrophosphate or zinc salts (option b).
These agents work by inhibiting the mineralization of dental plaque into calculus.
Pyrophosphate is a naturally occurring inhibitor of calculus formation that binds to the
crystal surfaces of hydroxyapatite, preventing further crystal growth. Zinc salts also
interfere with crystal formation and have antimicrobial properties.
Option a is incorrect; calcium and phosphorus systems are used in remineralization
products. Option c is incorrect; sodium fluoride is for caries prevention. Option d is
incorrect; stannous fluoride is used for caries prevention and desensitization.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Preventive Dentistry
MSC: DHT: Preventive Dentistry
QUESTION
Heavy calculus formers have higher salivary levels of calcium and phosphorus than do
light calculus formers. Light calculus formers have higher levels of pyrophosphate.
a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.
b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.
,c) Both statements are true.
d) Both statements are false.
CORRECT ANS: c) Both statements are true.
Expert Rationale
Both statements are true. Heavy calculus formers tend to have higher salivary levels of
calcium and phosphate, which are the primary mineral components of calculus (option
c). These higher levels provide more substrate for mineralization. Light calculus formers,
on the other hand, have higher levels of pyrophosphate, which is a natural inhibitor of
calculus formation. This explains the individual variation in calculus formation rates.
Option a, b, and d are incorrect because both statements are accurate.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Calculus Formation
MSC: DHT: Calculus Formation
QUESTION
Your patient, Kathy, is in for her maintenance appointment; she recently purchased
some tartar-control toothpaste, and it seems to be working for her. She asks you, "How
does it prevent tartar from forming?" You respond:
a) "It prevents the buildup of saliva."
b) "It prevents pellicle formation."
c) "It contains fluoride, which helps to prevent decalcification."
d) "It contains pyrophosphate."
CORRECT ANS: d) "It contains pyrophosphate."
Expert Rationale
, Tartar-control toothpastes prevent tartar (calculus) formation by containing
pyrophosphate (option d). Pyrophosphate is a chemical compound that inhibits the
mineralization of dental plaque, preventing the formation of calculus. It works by
interfering with the crystal growth of hydroxyapatite, the primary mineral component of
calculus.
Option a is incorrect; tartar-control toothpastes do not prevent saliva buildup. Option b
is incorrect; they do not prevent pellicle formation. Option c is incorrect; fluoride
prevents caries, not calculus.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
TOP: Preventive Dentistry
MSC: DHT: Preventive Dentistry
QUESTION
Apatite is a crystalline mineral component of bones and teeth that contains calcium and:
a) Haapalait
b) Magnesium
c) Phosphate
d) None of these are correct.
CORRECT ANS: c) Phosphate.
Expert Rationale
Apatite is a crystalline mineral component of bones and teeth that contains calcium and
phosphate (option c). Hydroxyapatite, the most common form of apatite in the body,
has the chemical formula Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂. The phosphate groups are essential for the
structural integrity of apatite crystals.
Option a is incorrect; "haapalait" is not a valid term. Option b is incorrect; magnesium is
a trace element in bone and teeth, but not a primary component of apatite. Option d is
incorrect because option c is correct.
EXAM COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+||BRAND NEW.
QUESTION
Which one of the following is the most highly mineralized tissue in the body?
a) Cementum
b) Bone
c) Dentin
d) Enamel
CORRECT ANS: d) Enamel
Expert Rationale
Enamel is the most highly mineralized tissue in the human body (option d). It is
composed of approximately 96% inorganic material (primarily hydroxyapatite), 3%
water, and 1% organic matrix. This high mineral content makes enamel the hardest
tissue in the body, providing a durable, wear-resistant surface for mastication. Its high
mineral content also makes it brittle and susceptible to fracture.
Option a is incorrect; cementum is less mineralized (about 45-50% inorganic). Option b
is incorrect; bone is about 65% mineral. Option c is incorrect; dentin is about 70%
mineral.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Dental Anatomy
MSC: DHT: Dental Anatomy
,QUESTION
Calculus-control ("tartar-control") dentifrices contain:
a) A calcium and phosphorus system.
b) A pyrophosphate or zinc system.
c) Sodium fluoride.
d) A stannous fluoride system.
CORRECT ANS: b) A pyrophosphate or zinc system.
Expert Rationale
Calculus-control dentifrices typically contain pyrophosphate or zinc salts (option b).
These agents work by inhibiting the mineralization of dental plaque into calculus.
Pyrophosphate is a naturally occurring inhibitor of calculus formation that binds to the
crystal surfaces of hydroxyapatite, preventing further crystal growth. Zinc salts also
interfere with crystal formation and have antimicrobial properties.
Option a is incorrect; calcium and phosphorus systems are used in remineralization
products. Option c is incorrect; sodium fluoride is for caries prevention. Option d is
incorrect; stannous fluoride is used for caries prevention and desensitization.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Preventive Dentistry
MSC: DHT: Preventive Dentistry
QUESTION
Heavy calculus formers have higher salivary levels of calcium and phosphorus than do
light calculus formers. Light calculus formers have higher levels of pyrophosphate.
a) Statement A is true and statement B is false.
b) Statement A is false and statement B is true.
,c) Both statements are true.
d) Both statements are false.
CORRECT ANS: c) Both statements are true.
Expert Rationale
Both statements are true. Heavy calculus formers tend to have higher salivary levels of
calcium and phosphate, which are the primary mineral components of calculus (option
c). These higher levels provide more substrate for mineralization. Light calculus formers,
on the other hand, have higher levels of pyrophosphate, which is a natural inhibitor of
calculus formation. This explains the individual variation in calculus formation rates.
Option a, b, and d are incorrect because both statements are accurate.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
TOP: Calculus Formation
MSC: DHT: Calculus Formation
QUESTION
Your patient, Kathy, is in for her maintenance appointment; she recently purchased
some tartar-control toothpaste, and it seems to be working for her. She asks you, "How
does it prevent tartar from forming?" You respond:
a) "It prevents the buildup of saliva."
b) "It prevents pellicle formation."
c) "It contains fluoride, which helps to prevent decalcification."
d) "It contains pyrophosphate."
CORRECT ANS: d) "It contains pyrophosphate."
Expert Rationale
, Tartar-control toothpastes prevent tartar (calculus) formation by containing
pyrophosphate (option d). Pyrophosphate is a chemical compound that inhibits the
mineralization of dental plaque, preventing the formation of calculus. It works by
interfering with the crystal growth of hydroxyapatite, the primary mineral component of
calculus.
Option a is incorrect; tartar-control toothpastes do not prevent saliva buildup. Option b
is incorrect; they do not prevent pellicle formation. Option c is incorrect; fluoride
prevents caries, not calculus.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
TOP: Preventive Dentistry
MSC: DHT: Preventive Dentistry
QUESTION
Apatite is a crystalline mineral component of bones and teeth that contains calcium and:
a) Haapalait
b) Magnesium
c) Phosphate
d) None of these are correct.
CORRECT ANS: c) Phosphate.
Expert Rationale
Apatite is a crystalline mineral component of bones and teeth that contains calcium and
phosphate (option c). Hydroxyapatite, the most common form of apatite in the body,
has the chemical formula Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂. The phosphate groups are essential for the
structural integrity of apatite crystals.
Option a is incorrect; "haapalait" is not a valid term. Option b is incorrect; magnesium is
a trace element in bone and teeth, but not a primary component of apatite. Option d is
incorrect because option c is correct.
