AFOQT | Questions with 100% Verified Answers | Latest Update
2026/2027
Question: Manufacturer's Empty Weight (MEW)
Answer: the total weight of the aircraft as it was built. Includes systems and components required for the
aircraft to operate. Does NOT include the weight of the baggage, passengers, or either usable or unusable fuel
or fluid.
Question: Operating Empty Weight (OEW)
Answer: the MEW plus the weight of the crew, fluids, unusable fuel, and the equipment required for flight. Does
NOT include baggage, passengers, or usable fuel.
Question: All-Up Weight (AUW) or Aircraft Gross Weight (AGW)
Answer: the total aircraft weight at any given moment during a flight. The AUW decreases as fuel and fluids are
consumed during the operation of the flight.
Question: Maximum Landing Weight (MLW)
Answer: an aircraft's weight limit for landing. Exceeding this weight increases stress on the landing gear and
may affect the distance required for a safe landing
Question: Maximum Zero Fuel Weight (MZFW)
Answer: the permissible weight of an aircraft with its contents and includes unusable fuel. The total MZFW
excludes the weight of usable fuel on board and any consumable fluids
Question: Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW)
Answer: an aircraft's weight limit for takeoff. Exceeding this limit increases the power required for takeoff,
lengthens the runway distance needed for a successful lift off, and places excess stress on the aircraft
structure
Question: Maximum Ramp Weight (MRW)
Answer: the weight limit for an aircraft to taxi or be towed on the ground
Question: Flight Envelope
Answer: Encompasses the limits of speed, altitude, and angle of attack required by any aircraft to maintain a
stable flight. An incorrect combination of these may result in a stall, during which the aircraft experiences a
decrease in lift and a reduction in airspeed
Question: Angle of Attack (AOA)
Answer: the angle measured between the direction of airflow against the wing and the chord (an imaginary
reference line the extends from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the wing
,Question: Ailerons
Answer: Located on from the midpoint of the trailing edge of the wing to the wing's tip. Help with roll control
Question: Flaps
Answer: located on the trailing edge of the wing; increase wing's surface area and deflect the air flow
downward. Allow planes to lift at slower speeds.
Question: Spoilers
Answer: Located directly forward of the trailing edge flaps to assist the ailerons in roll control and to act as
speed brakes for descent and landing. Extend upward to help reduce airspeed (ex: raised when landing to help
assist brakes in slowing airplane down)
Question: Drag
Answer: air resistance experienced during flight
Question: Parasite Drag
Answer: any "parasite" on the structure of the aircraft: low air pressure in the tires, skin friction (any rough spot
on the skin of the aircraft structure) This, along with any rivet heads that may project above the skin, causes
resistance to the air current flowing across the wing.
Question: Profile Drag
Answer: Produced mainly by the shape of the aircraft. A smaller slimmer aircraft reduces profile drag.
Question: Induced Drag
Answer: When, at the back of the wing, air flowing rapidly across the top meets air flowing more slowly
underneath, creating a vortex. This type of drag depends on the performance of the aircraft. When lift,
airspeed, and AOA increase, induced drag automatically increases too.
Question: When an airplane increases its lift, which statement is true about the air pressure flowing above and
below its wings?
Answer: Air pressure is lower above the wings and higher below the wings, producing lift.
, Question: Bernoulli's Principle
Answer: As the speed of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases. Air flows faster over the top of the wing
leading to lower pressure. Air flows slower on the bottom of the wing, increasing pressure. Upward push
creates lift!
Question: Longitudinal Axis (Roll)
Answer: runs lengthwise from the nose to the tail
Question: Lateral Axis (Pitch)
Answer: runs wingtip to wingtip
Question: Vertical Axis (Yaw)
Answer: Runs perpendicular to the wings at the center of the aircraft
Question: Trim
Answer: Aircraft's desired position.
Question: Roll
Answer: along the aircraft's longitudinal axis; controlled by ailerons, located at trailing edge of the wings.
Question: Pitch
Answer: the lateral angle of ascent or descent; controlled by elevators, located in the rear portion of the
horizontal tail assebly
Question: Yaw
Answer: Controlled by the rudder, located in the rear part of the tail assembly; movement of the rudder causes
the nose to move from side to side.
Question: Pressure Altimeter
Answer: in the cockpit based on atmospheric pressure. Calibrated automatically for 29.92 of mercury (Hg). Pilot
resets the pressure altitudeindicator after departing an airfieldto ensure the correct pressure altitude of the
aircraft is displayed for the destinatin airfield
2026/2027
Question: Manufacturer's Empty Weight (MEW)
Answer: the total weight of the aircraft as it was built. Includes systems and components required for the
aircraft to operate. Does NOT include the weight of the baggage, passengers, or either usable or unusable fuel
or fluid.
Question: Operating Empty Weight (OEW)
Answer: the MEW plus the weight of the crew, fluids, unusable fuel, and the equipment required for flight. Does
NOT include baggage, passengers, or usable fuel.
Question: All-Up Weight (AUW) or Aircraft Gross Weight (AGW)
Answer: the total aircraft weight at any given moment during a flight. The AUW decreases as fuel and fluids are
consumed during the operation of the flight.
Question: Maximum Landing Weight (MLW)
Answer: an aircraft's weight limit for landing. Exceeding this weight increases stress on the landing gear and
may affect the distance required for a safe landing
Question: Maximum Zero Fuel Weight (MZFW)
Answer: the permissible weight of an aircraft with its contents and includes unusable fuel. The total MZFW
excludes the weight of usable fuel on board and any consumable fluids
Question: Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW)
Answer: an aircraft's weight limit for takeoff. Exceeding this limit increases the power required for takeoff,
lengthens the runway distance needed for a successful lift off, and places excess stress on the aircraft
structure
Question: Maximum Ramp Weight (MRW)
Answer: the weight limit for an aircraft to taxi or be towed on the ground
Question: Flight Envelope
Answer: Encompasses the limits of speed, altitude, and angle of attack required by any aircraft to maintain a
stable flight. An incorrect combination of these may result in a stall, during which the aircraft experiences a
decrease in lift and a reduction in airspeed
Question: Angle of Attack (AOA)
Answer: the angle measured between the direction of airflow against the wing and the chord (an imaginary
reference line the extends from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the wing
,Question: Ailerons
Answer: Located on from the midpoint of the trailing edge of the wing to the wing's tip. Help with roll control
Question: Flaps
Answer: located on the trailing edge of the wing; increase wing's surface area and deflect the air flow
downward. Allow planes to lift at slower speeds.
Question: Spoilers
Answer: Located directly forward of the trailing edge flaps to assist the ailerons in roll control and to act as
speed brakes for descent and landing. Extend upward to help reduce airspeed (ex: raised when landing to help
assist brakes in slowing airplane down)
Question: Drag
Answer: air resistance experienced during flight
Question: Parasite Drag
Answer: any "parasite" on the structure of the aircraft: low air pressure in the tires, skin friction (any rough spot
on the skin of the aircraft structure) This, along with any rivet heads that may project above the skin, causes
resistance to the air current flowing across the wing.
Question: Profile Drag
Answer: Produced mainly by the shape of the aircraft. A smaller slimmer aircraft reduces profile drag.
Question: Induced Drag
Answer: When, at the back of the wing, air flowing rapidly across the top meets air flowing more slowly
underneath, creating a vortex. This type of drag depends on the performance of the aircraft. When lift,
airspeed, and AOA increase, induced drag automatically increases too.
Question: When an airplane increases its lift, which statement is true about the air pressure flowing above and
below its wings?
Answer: Air pressure is lower above the wings and higher below the wings, producing lift.
, Question: Bernoulli's Principle
Answer: As the speed of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases. Air flows faster over the top of the wing
leading to lower pressure. Air flows slower on the bottom of the wing, increasing pressure. Upward push
creates lift!
Question: Longitudinal Axis (Roll)
Answer: runs lengthwise from the nose to the tail
Question: Lateral Axis (Pitch)
Answer: runs wingtip to wingtip
Question: Vertical Axis (Yaw)
Answer: Runs perpendicular to the wings at the center of the aircraft
Question: Trim
Answer: Aircraft's desired position.
Question: Roll
Answer: along the aircraft's longitudinal axis; controlled by ailerons, located at trailing edge of the wings.
Question: Pitch
Answer: the lateral angle of ascent or descent; controlled by elevators, located in the rear portion of the
horizontal tail assebly
Question: Yaw
Answer: Controlled by the rudder, located in the rear part of the tail assembly; movement of the rudder causes
the nose to move from side to side.
Question: Pressure Altimeter
Answer: in the cockpit based on atmospheric pressure. Calibrated automatically for 29.92 of mercury (Hg). Pilot
resets the pressure altitudeindicator after departing an airfieldto ensure the correct pressure altitude of the
aircraft is displayed for the destinatin airfield
