CMN 554 ACTUAL TEST PAPER COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION
●● How did John Locke's view of children differ from Rousseau's?
Answer: Locke believed children enter the world as a blank slate, shaped
by their environment and experiences.
●● Who is considered the father of psychoanalysis?
Answer: Sigmund Freud
●● What are the stages of psychosexual development according to
Freud?
Answer: Oral (birth to 18 months), Anal (1 to 3 years), Phallic (3 to 5
years), Latency (5 to 13 years), Genital (13 and beyond).
●● What is Urie Bronfenbrenner known for?
Answer: He developed the Ecological Systems theory, emphasizing the
role of interpersonal and environmental systems in human development.
●● What is the Microsystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory?
Answer: The Microsystem is the smallest, simplest system based on
interactions in the child's immediate world.
,●● What did Arnold Gesell contribute to child development?
Answer: He believed that discerning guidance in home, school, and
community leads to optimal development.
●● What is the Concrete Operations stage in Piaget's theory?
Answer: It is the third stage where children (ages 7 to 11) can utilize
logical principles when problem solving.
●● What is Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
Answer: It consists of various levels and stages, including the
Conventional stage (ages 10-13) where acceptance from others and
conformity to social rules prevail.
●● What is the Zone of Proximal Development according to Lev
Vygotsky?
Answer: It is the distance between what an individual can learn
independently and what they can learn with guidance from an adult or
more experienced peer.
●● What developmental level considerations are important in health
promotion for school-age children?
Answer: Health promotion behaviors must meet the child's cognitive
level (Concrete operations) and moral level (Conventional stage).
, ●● What types of learners are identified in health promotion for
children?
Answer: Auditory learners, kinesthetic learners, and those who engage
all modalities (kinesthetic, auditory, visual).
●● What is the significance of an internal locus of control in children?
Answer: Children with an internal locus of control believe they are
responsible for their behavior and accomplishments, leading to higher
achievement levels.
●● What factors increase the risk of child abuse?
Answer: Family poverty, limited maternal education, culture, needy
child syndrome, presence of a step-father, single-parent status, parental
drug addiction, and teenage parenthood.
●● What is the most frequent illness in school-age children?
Answer: Upper Respiratory Infection (URI).
●● What is the leading cause of death in school-age children?
Answer: Motor vehicle accidents (both passenger and pedestrian).
●● What are 'latchkey kids'?
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION
●● How did John Locke's view of children differ from Rousseau's?
Answer: Locke believed children enter the world as a blank slate, shaped
by their environment and experiences.
●● Who is considered the father of psychoanalysis?
Answer: Sigmund Freud
●● What are the stages of psychosexual development according to
Freud?
Answer: Oral (birth to 18 months), Anal (1 to 3 years), Phallic (3 to 5
years), Latency (5 to 13 years), Genital (13 and beyond).
●● What is Urie Bronfenbrenner known for?
Answer: He developed the Ecological Systems theory, emphasizing the
role of interpersonal and environmental systems in human development.
●● What is the Microsystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory?
Answer: The Microsystem is the smallest, simplest system based on
interactions in the child's immediate world.
,●● What did Arnold Gesell contribute to child development?
Answer: He believed that discerning guidance in home, school, and
community leads to optimal development.
●● What is the Concrete Operations stage in Piaget's theory?
Answer: It is the third stage where children (ages 7 to 11) can utilize
logical principles when problem solving.
●● What is Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
Answer: It consists of various levels and stages, including the
Conventional stage (ages 10-13) where acceptance from others and
conformity to social rules prevail.
●● What is the Zone of Proximal Development according to Lev
Vygotsky?
Answer: It is the distance between what an individual can learn
independently and what they can learn with guidance from an adult or
more experienced peer.
●● What developmental level considerations are important in health
promotion for school-age children?
Answer: Health promotion behaviors must meet the child's cognitive
level (Concrete operations) and moral level (Conventional stage).
, ●● What types of learners are identified in health promotion for
children?
Answer: Auditory learners, kinesthetic learners, and those who engage
all modalities (kinesthetic, auditory, visual).
●● What is the significance of an internal locus of control in children?
Answer: Children with an internal locus of control believe they are
responsible for their behavior and accomplishments, leading to higher
achievement levels.
●● What factors increase the risk of child abuse?
Answer: Family poverty, limited maternal education, culture, needy
child syndrome, presence of a step-father, single-parent status, parental
drug addiction, and teenage parenthood.
●● What is the most frequent illness in school-age children?
Answer: Upper Respiratory Infection (URI).
●● What is the leading cause of death in school-age children?
Answer: Motor vehicle accidents (both passenger and pedestrian).
●● What are 'latchkey kids'?
