CMAS 258N EXAM SCRIPT COMPLETE
STUDY GUIDE WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
●● Who is John Caffey and what significant role did he play in the
history of child maltreatment?
Answer: John Caffey was one of the first people to identify fractures at
various healing stages in children. He was the first to question physical
abuse and what goes on in the home.
He noted Subdural Hematoma in children which is collection of blood
under the skull as a result of blunt force trauma or shaken baby
syndrome
●● Who is Henry Kempe and what significant role did he play in the
history of child maltreatment?
Answer: He created "Battered Child Syndrome" which is a condition in
young children who were victims of physical abuse. He noted that
diagnosticians should look for discrepancies between clinical findings
and historical data supplied by parents.
●● What is the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA)?
Answer: 1974: enacted 100 years after Mary Ellen that mandated:
- reporting of child maltreatment
- funds provided for research
,- training
- provisions for the treatment of child abuse and neglect
- defining child maltreatment
●● How does CAPTA define child maltreatment?
Answer: any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or
caretaker, which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm,
sexual abuse, or exploitation, or any act or failure to act which presents
an imminent risk of serious harm
●● According to PA, what is any "recent act"?
Answer: act or failure to act within two years of the report (physical
abuse)
●● How does PA define a perpetrator of abuse?
Answer: - a parent of the child
- a spouse/ former spouse of child's parent
- a SO/ former SO of child's parent
- a person 14+ and responsible for child's welfare
- an indiv. 14+ who lives in the same home as the child
- an indiv. 18+ who does not reside in the same home but is related
within the third degree (3rd cousin)
,●● How does PA's definition of a perpetrator by omission differ from its
definition of a perpetrator by commission?
Answer: PA's does not include children within their definition of
"perpetrator by omission" because they can't necessarily intervene in
these situations
●● What are the adjectives PA uses to define child abuse?
Answer: intentionally, knowingly, recklessly...
causing bodily injury to the child through any recent act or failure to act
- impairment
- substantial pain
- within the last two years
punching, kicking, biting, burning, or shaking of a child often results in
visually-detected bruising, though not required
●● How does CAPTA define physical abuse?
Answer: - non-accidental physical injury that is inflicted by a parent,
caregiver, or other person who has responsibility for the child
- injury considered abuse regardless of whether or not the caregiver
intended to hurt the child and can result from severe discipline or
physical punishment that is inappropriate to the child's age/ condition
, - may occur as a result of a single episode or of repeated episodes and
can range in severity from minor marks and bruising to death
●● Physical abuse is determined by...
Answer: - child's level of development
- the pattern and size of the injury
- the location of the injury
- caregiver's explanation of the injury
●● What are signs of abuse via bruising?
Answer: - non-cruising infant
- bruises on face, ear, buttock, genitals, neck, back, inner thigh
- extensive bruising without a history
- bruising or marks that appear inflicted or have a pattern (hanger, palm
print, buckle, rope, belt, cord, etc.)
- bruising whites of the eyes: conjunctival hemorrhage (results from
strangulation and hitting)
●● What is the TEN-4 bruising rule?
Answer: T=torso (check, abdomen, back, butt, genitals, hip)
E=ears
N=neck
STUDY GUIDE WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
●● Who is John Caffey and what significant role did he play in the
history of child maltreatment?
Answer: John Caffey was one of the first people to identify fractures at
various healing stages in children. He was the first to question physical
abuse and what goes on in the home.
He noted Subdural Hematoma in children which is collection of blood
under the skull as a result of blunt force trauma or shaken baby
syndrome
●● Who is Henry Kempe and what significant role did he play in the
history of child maltreatment?
Answer: He created "Battered Child Syndrome" which is a condition in
young children who were victims of physical abuse. He noted that
diagnosticians should look for discrepancies between clinical findings
and historical data supplied by parents.
●● What is the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA)?
Answer: 1974: enacted 100 years after Mary Ellen that mandated:
- reporting of child maltreatment
- funds provided for research
,- training
- provisions for the treatment of child abuse and neglect
- defining child maltreatment
●● How does CAPTA define child maltreatment?
Answer: any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or
caretaker, which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm,
sexual abuse, or exploitation, or any act or failure to act which presents
an imminent risk of serious harm
●● According to PA, what is any "recent act"?
Answer: act or failure to act within two years of the report (physical
abuse)
●● How does PA define a perpetrator of abuse?
Answer: - a parent of the child
- a spouse/ former spouse of child's parent
- a SO/ former SO of child's parent
- a person 14+ and responsible for child's welfare
- an indiv. 14+ who lives in the same home as the child
- an indiv. 18+ who does not reside in the same home but is related
within the third degree (3rd cousin)
,●● How does PA's definition of a perpetrator by omission differ from its
definition of a perpetrator by commission?
Answer: PA's does not include children within their definition of
"perpetrator by omission" because they can't necessarily intervene in
these situations
●● What are the adjectives PA uses to define child abuse?
Answer: intentionally, knowingly, recklessly...
causing bodily injury to the child through any recent act or failure to act
- impairment
- substantial pain
- within the last two years
punching, kicking, biting, burning, or shaking of a child often results in
visually-detected bruising, though not required
●● How does CAPTA define physical abuse?
Answer: - non-accidental physical injury that is inflicted by a parent,
caregiver, or other person who has responsibility for the child
- injury considered abuse regardless of whether or not the caregiver
intended to hurt the child and can result from severe discipline or
physical punishment that is inappropriate to the child's age/ condition
, - may occur as a result of a single episode or of repeated episodes and
can range in severity from minor marks and bruising to death
●● Physical abuse is determined by...
Answer: - child's level of development
- the pattern and size of the injury
- the location of the injury
- caregiver's explanation of the injury
●● What are signs of abuse via bruising?
Answer: - non-cruising infant
- bruises on face, ear, buttock, genitals, neck, back, inner thigh
- extensive bruising without a history
- bruising or marks that appear inflicted or have a pattern (hanger, palm
print, buckle, rope, belt, cord, etc.)
- bruising whites of the eyes: conjunctival hemorrhage (results from
strangulation and hitting)
●● What is the TEN-4 bruising rule?
Answer: T=torso (check, abdomen, back, butt, genitals, hip)
E=ears
N=neck
