D 514 Exam 1 V1 | D 514 Analytical Methods of
Healthcare Leaders | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(D514 Exam 1) | Western Governors University
1. A healthcare leader is reviewing patient satisfaction scores categorized as ‘Very
Dissatisfied’, ‘Dissatisfied’, ‘Neutral’, ‘Satisfied’, and ‘Very Satisfied’. Which level of
measurement does this data represent?
A. Ordinal
B. Nominal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Ordinal data is categorical data where there is a clear, logical ordering to the
responses. In this case, satisfaction levels represent a ranking but the mathematical
distance between them is not uniform. Understanding this scale is vital for choosing the
correct non-parametric statistical tests for analysis.
2. When a researcher rejects a null hypothesis that is actually true, which type of error has
occurred?
A. Type II Error
B. Type I Error
,C. Standard Error
D. Sampling Error
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A Type I error, also known as a false positive, occurs when the null
hypothesis is rejected despite being correct. This usually happens when the significance
level alpha is set too high. In clinical settings, this error could lead to the adoption of an
ineffective treatment.
3. Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme outliers in a dataset of
hospital stay lengths?
A. Median
B. Mode
C. Mean
D. Range
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The mean is calculated by summing all values and dividing by the count,
making it highly sensitive to extreme values. The median is more robust because it
represents the middle point of the distribution. Leaders should use the median when
reporting data with significant skewness, such as costs or lengths of stay.
, 4. A hospital wants to sample its employees by first dividing them into departments (Nursing,
Admin, Radiology) and then randomly selecting individuals from each group. What sampling
method is this?
A. Stratified Random Sampling
B. Cluster Sampling
C. Simple Random Sampling
D. Convenience Sampling
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Stratified random sampling involves dividing the population into
homogenous subgroups called strata before sampling. This ensures that every department
is represented proportionally in the final study. It reduces sampling error compared to a
simple random sample in heterogeneous populations.
5. In a normal distribution, what percentage of data points fall within two standard
deviations of the mean?
A. 68%
B. 50%
C. 99.7%
D. 95%
Correct Answer: D
Healthcare Leaders | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(D514 Exam 1) | Western Governors University
1. A healthcare leader is reviewing patient satisfaction scores categorized as ‘Very
Dissatisfied’, ‘Dissatisfied’, ‘Neutral’, ‘Satisfied’, and ‘Very Satisfied’. Which level of
measurement does this data represent?
A. Ordinal
B. Nominal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Ordinal data is categorical data where there is a clear, logical ordering to the
responses. In this case, satisfaction levels represent a ranking but the mathematical
distance between them is not uniform. Understanding this scale is vital for choosing the
correct non-parametric statistical tests for analysis.
2. When a researcher rejects a null hypothesis that is actually true, which type of error has
occurred?
A. Type II Error
B. Type I Error
,C. Standard Error
D. Sampling Error
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A Type I error, also known as a false positive, occurs when the null
hypothesis is rejected despite being correct. This usually happens when the significance
level alpha is set too high. In clinical settings, this error could lead to the adoption of an
ineffective treatment.
3. Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme outliers in a dataset of
hospital stay lengths?
A. Median
B. Mode
C. Mean
D. Range
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The mean is calculated by summing all values and dividing by the count,
making it highly sensitive to extreme values. The median is more robust because it
represents the middle point of the distribution. Leaders should use the median when
reporting data with significant skewness, such as costs or lengths of stay.
, 4. A hospital wants to sample its employees by first dividing them into departments (Nursing,
Admin, Radiology) and then randomly selecting individuals from each group. What sampling
method is this?
A. Stratified Random Sampling
B. Cluster Sampling
C. Simple Random Sampling
D. Convenience Sampling
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Stratified random sampling involves dividing the population into
homogenous subgroups called strata before sampling. This ensures that every department
is represented proportionally in the final study. It reduces sampling error compared to a
simple random sample in heterogeneous populations.
5. In a normal distribution, what percentage of data points fall within two standard
deviations of the mean?
A. 68%
B. 50%
C. 99.7%
D. 95%
Correct Answer: D
