ATI RN PHARMACOLOGY 2019 FINAL EXAM WITH NGN LATEST
VERSION 2026-2027 EXAM WITH ACTUAL 272 QUESTION AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES.
A nurse is receiving a medication prescription by telephone from a provider. The
provider states, "Administer 6 milligrams of morphine IV push every 3 hours as
needed for acute pain." How should the nurse transcribe the prescription in the
client's medical record?
A) Morphine 6 mg IV push every 3 hr PRN acute pain
B) MSO 6 mg IV push every 3 hr PRN acute pain
C) MS 6 mg IV push every 3 hr PRN acute pain
D) Morphine 6.0 mg IV push every 3 hr PRN acute pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale
The nurse should transcribe the prescription as "Morphine 6 mg IV push every 3
hr PRN acute pain." This transcription includes the complete medication name,
the correct dosage with the appropriate abbreviation (mg), the route (IV push),
the frequency (every 3 hr), and the indication (PRN acute pain). Option B is
incorrect because "MSO" is an unacceptable abbreviation for morphine sulfate
and can be confused with other medications. Option C is incorrect because "MS"
is an ambiguous abbreviation that can be misinterpreted. Option D is incorrect
because trailing zeros (6.0) should not be used as they can lead to medication
errors. Therefore, the correct transcription is option A.
IV Infusion Site Assessment
A nurse is assessing a client's IV infusion site and notes that the site is cool and
edematous. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A) Slow the IV solution rate
B) Initiate a new IV distal to the initial site
,C) Maintain the extremity below the level of the heart
D) Apply a warm, moist compress
Correct Answer: D
Rationale
A cool, edematous IV site indicates infiltration, which is the leakage of IV fluid into
the surrounding tissue. The nurse should apply a warm, moist compress to the site
to promote comfort and reduce edema. Option A is incorrect because slowing the
rate does not address the infiltration; the IV should be discontinued. Option B is
incorrect because a new IV should be initiated proximal to the infiltration site, not
distal, to ensure proper venous access. Option C is incorrect because the
extremity should be elevated, not maintained below the heart, to reduce swelling.
Therefore, applying a warm, moist compress is the correct action.
Clozapine Teaching
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for clozapine.
Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
A) "Diarrhea is a common adverse effect of this medication."
B) "Ringing in the ears is an expected adverse effect of this medication."
C) "Notify your provider if you develop a fever while taking this medication."
D) "You might experience weight loss while taking this medication."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale
The nurse should instruct the client to notify the provider if they develop a fever
while taking clozapine. Fever can be a sign of agranulocytosis, a serious adverse
effect of clozapine that requires immediate attention. Option A is incorrect
because constipation, not diarrhea, is a common adverse effect. Option B is
incorrect because ringing in the ears is not an expected adverse effect. Option D is
incorrect because weight gain, not weight loss, is a common adverse effect of
clozapine. Therefore, notifying the provider of a fever is the correct instruction.
,Oral Contraceptive Teaching
A nurse is teaching a client about oral contraceptives. Which of the following
information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A) Abdominal pain is an expected adverse effect of oral contraceptives.
B) It can take up to 1 year to become pregnant after stopping an oral
contraceptive.
C) Some herbal supplements can decrease the effectiveness of an oral
contraceptive.
D) A pelvic examination is needed prior to starting an oral contraceptive.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale
The nurse should inform the client that it can take up to 1 year to become
pregnant after stopping an oral contraceptive. This is an important consideration
for clients planning pregnancy. Option A is incorrect because abdominal pain is
not an expected adverse effect; it may indicate a serious complication such as
thrombosis or gallbladder disease. Option C is incorrect because while some
herbal supplements (e.g., St. John's wort) can decrease effectiveness, this is not
the primary teaching point. Option D is incorrect because a pelvic examination is
not required prior to starting oral contraceptives, though a blood pressure check
and history are recommended. Therefore, the correct information is that it can
take up to 1 year to become pregnant.
Dysphagia Medication Administration
A nurse is planning to administer medication to an older adult client who has
dysphagia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
A) Tilt the client's head back when administering the medications.
B) Mix the medications with a semisolid food for the client.
, C) Administer more than one pill to the client at a time.
D) Place the medications on the back of the client's tongue.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale
For a client with dysphagia, the nurse should mix medications with a semisolid
food (such as applesauce or pudding) to facilitate swallowing and reduce the risk
of aspiration. Option A is incorrect because tilting the head back can increase the
risk of aspiration; the head should be flexed slightly forward. Option C is incorrect
because administering more than one pill at a time increases the risk of choking.
Option D is incorrect because placing medications on the back of the tongue can
trigger the gag reflex and increase aspiration risk. Therefore, mixing medications
with semisolid food is the correct action.
Omeprazole Administration Teaching
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about the administration of omeprazole.
Which of the following should the nurse include?
A) "You cannot take this medication with an antacid."
B) "You should reduce your intake of calcium while taking this medication."
C) "You should take this medication before meals."
D) "You can take a second dose if symptoms persist up to 2 hours after the first
dose."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale
The nurse should instruct the client that omeprazole should not be taken with an
antacid because antacids can interfere with the absorption of omeprazole. Option
B is incorrect because calcium intake does not need to be reduced. Option C is
incorrect because omeprazole should be taken before meals, typically 30 to 60
minutes before eating, but the key teaching point is avoiding antacids. Option D is
incorrect because a second dose should not be taken without provider guidance.
VERSION 2026-2027 EXAM WITH ACTUAL 272 QUESTION AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES.
A nurse is receiving a medication prescription by telephone from a provider. The
provider states, "Administer 6 milligrams of morphine IV push every 3 hours as
needed for acute pain." How should the nurse transcribe the prescription in the
client's medical record?
A) Morphine 6 mg IV push every 3 hr PRN acute pain
B) MSO 6 mg IV push every 3 hr PRN acute pain
C) MS 6 mg IV push every 3 hr PRN acute pain
D) Morphine 6.0 mg IV push every 3 hr PRN acute pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale
The nurse should transcribe the prescription as "Morphine 6 mg IV push every 3
hr PRN acute pain." This transcription includes the complete medication name,
the correct dosage with the appropriate abbreviation (mg), the route (IV push),
the frequency (every 3 hr), and the indication (PRN acute pain). Option B is
incorrect because "MSO" is an unacceptable abbreviation for morphine sulfate
and can be confused with other medications. Option C is incorrect because "MS"
is an ambiguous abbreviation that can be misinterpreted. Option D is incorrect
because trailing zeros (6.0) should not be used as they can lead to medication
errors. Therefore, the correct transcription is option A.
IV Infusion Site Assessment
A nurse is assessing a client's IV infusion site and notes that the site is cool and
edematous. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A) Slow the IV solution rate
B) Initiate a new IV distal to the initial site
,C) Maintain the extremity below the level of the heart
D) Apply a warm, moist compress
Correct Answer: D
Rationale
A cool, edematous IV site indicates infiltration, which is the leakage of IV fluid into
the surrounding tissue. The nurse should apply a warm, moist compress to the site
to promote comfort and reduce edema. Option A is incorrect because slowing the
rate does not address the infiltration; the IV should be discontinued. Option B is
incorrect because a new IV should be initiated proximal to the infiltration site, not
distal, to ensure proper venous access. Option C is incorrect because the
extremity should be elevated, not maintained below the heart, to reduce swelling.
Therefore, applying a warm, moist compress is the correct action.
Clozapine Teaching
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for clozapine.
Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
A) "Diarrhea is a common adverse effect of this medication."
B) "Ringing in the ears is an expected adverse effect of this medication."
C) "Notify your provider if you develop a fever while taking this medication."
D) "You might experience weight loss while taking this medication."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale
The nurse should instruct the client to notify the provider if they develop a fever
while taking clozapine. Fever can be a sign of agranulocytosis, a serious adverse
effect of clozapine that requires immediate attention. Option A is incorrect
because constipation, not diarrhea, is a common adverse effect. Option B is
incorrect because ringing in the ears is not an expected adverse effect. Option D is
incorrect because weight gain, not weight loss, is a common adverse effect of
clozapine. Therefore, notifying the provider of a fever is the correct instruction.
,Oral Contraceptive Teaching
A nurse is teaching a client about oral contraceptives. Which of the following
information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A) Abdominal pain is an expected adverse effect of oral contraceptives.
B) It can take up to 1 year to become pregnant after stopping an oral
contraceptive.
C) Some herbal supplements can decrease the effectiveness of an oral
contraceptive.
D) A pelvic examination is needed prior to starting an oral contraceptive.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale
The nurse should inform the client that it can take up to 1 year to become
pregnant after stopping an oral contraceptive. This is an important consideration
for clients planning pregnancy. Option A is incorrect because abdominal pain is
not an expected adverse effect; it may indicate a serious complication such as
thrombosis or gallbladder disease. Option C is incorrect because while some
herbal supplements (e.g., St. John's wort) can decrease effectiveness, this is not
the primary teaching point. Option D is incorrect because a pelvic examination is
not required prior to starting oral contraceptives, though a blood pressure check
and history are recommended. Therefore, the correct information is that it can
take up to 1 year to become pregnant.
Dysphagia Medication Administration
A nurse is planning to administer medication to an older adult client who has
dysphagia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
A) Tilt the client's head back when administering the medications.
B) Mix the medications with a semisolid food for the client.
, C) Administer more than one pill to the client at a time.
D) Place the medications on the back of the client's tongue.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale
For a client with dysphagia, the nurse should mix medications with a semisolid
food (such as applesauce or pudding) to facilitate swallowing and reduce the risk
of aspiration. Option A is incorrect because tilting the head back can increase the
risk of aspiration; the head should be flexed slightly forward. Option C is incorrect
because administering more than one pill at a time increases the risk of choking.
Option D is incorrect because placing medications on the back of the tongue can
trigger the gag reflex and increase aspiration risk. Therefore, mixing medications
with semisolid food is the correct action.
Omeprazole Administration Teaching
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about the administration of omeprazole.
Which of the following should the nurse include?
A) "You cannot take this medication with an antacid."
B) "You should reduce your intake of calcium while taking this medication."
C) "You should take this medication before meals."
D) "You can take a second dose if symptoms persist up to 2 hours after the first
dose."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale
The nurse should instruct the client that omeprazole should not be taken with an
antacid because antacids can interfere with the absorption of omeprazole. Option
B is incorrect because calcium intake does not need to be reduced. Option C is
incorrect because omeprazole should be taken before meals, typically 30 to 60
minutes before eating, but the key teaching point is avoiding antacids. Option D is
incorrect because a second dose should not be taken without provider guidance.
