ATI RN FUNDAMENTAL WITH NGN /FUNDAMENTAL
ATI NGN QUESTIONS FORMAT 2026 ACTUAL EXAM
COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+||BRAND NEW!!.
A nurse is caring for a client who has had diarrhea for the past 4 days. When
assessing the client, the nurse should expect which of the following findings?
(Select all that apply.)
A) Bradycardia
B) Hypotension
C) Fever
D) Poor skin turgor
E) Peripheral edema
Correct Answers: B, C, D
Rationale
B) Hypotension is correct. Prolonged diarrhea leads to fluid volume deficit
(dehydration), which causes decreased blood pressure due to reduced
circulating blood volume.
C) Fever is correct. Fever can be caused by dehydration and may also
indicate an underlying infection that is causing the diarrhea.
D) Poor skin turgor is correct. Dehydration causes decreased skin elasticity,
resulting in poor skin turgor (skin tenting).
A) Bradycardia is incorrect. Tachycardia (increased heart rate) is a
compensatory response to dehydration and hypovolemia, not bradycardia.
E) Peripheral edema is incorrect. Edema is a sign of fluid volume excess, not
deficit. Dehydration causes decreased tissue turgor and dry mucous
membranes.
,A nurse is preparing to administer a cleansing enema to an adult client in
preparation for a diagnostic procedure. Which of the following are
appropriate steps for the nurse to take? (Select all that apply.)
A) Warm the enema prior to instillation
B) Position the client on the left side with the right leg flexed forward
C) Lubricate the rectal tube or nozzle
D) Slowly insert the rectal tube about 2 inches
E) Hang the enema container 24 inches above the client's anus
Correct Answers: A, B, C
Rationale
A) Warm the enema prior to instillation is correct. Warming the enema
solution to body temperature (37°C to 40°C or 98.6°F to 104°F) prevents
cramping and discomfort.
B) Position the client on the left side with the right leg flexed forward is
correct. The left lateral (Sims) position follows the natural curve of the
sigmoid colon and facilitates gravity flow of the enema solution.
C) Lubricate the rectal tube or nozzle is correct. Lubrication prevents trauma
to the rectal mucosa and facilitates smooth insertion.
D) Slowly insert the rectal tube about 2 inches is incorrect. For an adult, the
rectal tube should be inserted 3 to 4 inches (7.5 to 10 cm). Inserting only 2
inches is appropriate for a child.
E) Hang the enema container 24 inches above the client's anus is incorrect.
The enema container should be hung no higher than 18 inches (45 cm)
above the anus to prevent rapid instillation and painful distension of the
colon. A height of 24 inches is too high and can cause cramping and rapid
flow.
While a nurse is administering a cleansing enema, the client reports
abdominal cramping. Which of the following is the appropriate intervention?
,A) Have the client hold his breath briefly
B) Discontinue the fluid instillation
C) Remind the client that cramping is common at this time
D) Lower the enema fluid container
Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Lowering the enema fluid container slows the rate of instillation and reduces
the pressure of the fluid entering the colon, which relieves abdominal
cramping. Option A, having the client hold his breath, is not appropriate and
may increase discomfort. Option B, discontinuing the instillation, is not
necessary unless the client experiences severe pain or cannot tolerate the
procedure. Option C, reminding the client that cramping is common, is not
therapeutic and does not address the cause. The nurse should also
temporarily clamp the tubing and allow the client to take slow, deep breaths
to promote relaxation.
A nurse is caring for a client who has been sitting in a chair for 3 hours.
Which of the following problems is the client at risk for developing?
A) Stasis of secretions
B) Muscle atrophy
C) Pressure ulcer
D) Fecal impaction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Unrelieved pressure over a bony prominence for too long increases the risk
of a pressure ulcer (also known as a pressure injury). Sitting in a chair for 3
hours without repositioning places pressure on the ischial tuberosities and
sacrum. Option A, stasis of secretions, is associated with immobility and bed
rest, not sitting. Option B, muscle atrophy, results from prolonged immobility
, and disuse over weeks or months, not 3 hours. Option D, fecal impaction, is
associated with prolonged bed rest and decreased mobility. The nurse
should encourage the client to shift weight every 15 minutes and reposition
the client at least every 2 hours.
A nurse is caring for a client who is on bed rest. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse implement to maintain the patency of the
client's airway?
A) Encourage isometric exercises
B) Suction every 8 hours
C) Give low-dose heparin
D) Promote incentive spirometer use
Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Promoting incentive spirometer use helps keep airways open and prevents
atelectasis (collapse of alveoli) and pneumonia. Incentive spirometry
encourages deep breathing, which expands the lungs and mobilizes
secretions. Option A, isometric exercises, strengthens skeletal muscles but
does not maintain airway patency. Option B, suctioning every 8 hours, is not
indicated unless the client has excessive secretions; suctioning should be
performed as needed, not routinely. Option C, low-dose heparin, helps
prevent thrombus formation but does not maintain airway patency.
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative. Which of the following
nursing interventions reduce the risk of thrombus development? (Select all
that apply.)
A) Instruct the client not to use the Valsalva maneuver
B) Apply elastic stockings
C) Review laboratory values for total protein level
ATI NGN QUESTIONS FORMAT 2026 ACTUAL EXAM
COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+||BRAND NEW!!.
A nurse is caring for a client who has had diarrhea for the past 4 days. When
assessing the client, the nurse should expect which of the following findings?
(Select all that apply.)
A) Bradycardia
B) Hypotension
C) Fever
D) Poor skin turgor
E) Peripheral edema
Correct Answers: B, C, D
Rationale
B) Hypotension is correct. Prolonged diarrhea leads to fluid volume deficit
(dehydration), which causes decreased blood pressure due to reduced
circulating blood volume.
C) Fever is correct. Fever can be caused by dehydration and may also
indicate an underlying infection that is causing the diarrhea.
D) Poor skin turgor is correct. Dehydration causes decreased skin elasticity,
resulting in poor skin turgor (skin tenting).
A) Bradycardia is incorrect. Tachycardia (increased heart rate) is a
compensatory response to dehydration and hypovolemia, not bradycardia.
E) Peripheral edema is incorrect. Edema is a sign of fluid volume excess, not
deficit. Dehydration causes decreased tissue turgor and dry mucous
membranes.
,A nurse is preparing to administer a cleansing enema to an adult client in
preparation for a diagnostic procedure. Which of the following are
appropriate steps for the nurse to take? (Select all that apply.)
A) Warm the enema prior to instillation
B) Position the client on the left side with the right leg flexed forward
C) Lubricate the rectal tube or nozzle
D) Slowly insert the rectal tube about 2 inches
E) Hang the enema container 24 inches above the client's anus
Correct Answers: A, B, C
Rationale
A) Warm the enema prior to instillation is correct. Warming the enema
solution to body temperature (37°C to 40°C or 98.6°F to 104°F) prevents
cramping and discomfort.
B) Position the client on the left side with the right leg flexed forward is
correct. The left lateral (Sims) position follows the natural curve of the
sigmoid colon and facilitates gravity flow of the enema solution.
C) Lubricate the rectal tube or nozzle is correct. Lubrication prevents trauma
to the rectal mucosa and facilitates smooth insertion.
D) Slowly insert the rectal tube about 2 inches is incorrect. For an adult, the
rectal tube should be inserted 3 to 4 inches (7.5 to 10 cm). Inserting only 2
inches is appropriate for a child.
E) Hang the enema container 24 inches above the client's anus is incorrect.
The enema container should be hung no higher than 18 inches (45 cm)
above the anus to prevent rapid instillation and painful distension of the
colon. A height of 24 inches is too high and can cause cramping and rapid
flow.
While a nurse is administering a cleansing enema, the client reports
abdominal cramping. Which of the following is the appropriate intervention?
,A) Have the client hold his breath briefly
B) Discontinue the fluid instillation
C) Remind the client that cramping is common at this time
D) Lower the enema fluid container
Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Lowering the enema fluid container slows the rate of instillation and reduces
the pressure of the fluid entering the colon, which relieves abdominal
cramping. Option A, having the client hold his breath, is not appropriate and
may increase discomfort. Option B, discontinuing the instillation, is not
necessary unless the client experiences severe pain or cannot tolerate the
procedure. Option C, reminding the client that cramping is common, is not
therapeutic and does not address the cause. The nurse should also
temporarily clamp the tubing and allow the client to take slow, deep breaths
to promote relaxation.
A nurse is caring for a client who has been sitting in a chair for 3 hours.
Which of the following problems is the client at risk for developing?
A) Stasis of secretions
B) Muscle atrophy
C) Pressure ulcer
D) Fecal impaction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Unrelieved pressure over a bony prominence for too long increases the risk
of a pressure ulcer (also known as a pressure injury). Sitting in a chair for 3
hours without repositioning places pressure on the ischial tuberosities and
sacrum. Option A, stasis of secretions, is associated with immobility and bed
rest, not sitting. Option B, muscle atrophy, results from prolonged immobility
, and disuse over weeks or months, not 3 hours. Option D, fecal impaction, is
associated with prolonged bed rest and decreased mobility. The nurse
should encourage the client to shift weight every 15 minutes and reposition
the client at least every 2 hours.
A nurse is caring for a client who is on bed rest. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse implement to maintain the patency of the
client's airway?
A) Encourage isometric exercises
B) Suction every 8 hours
C) Give low-dose heparin
D) Promote incentive spirometer use
Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Promoting incentive spirometer use helps keep airways open and prevents
atelectasis (collapse of alveoli) and pneumonia. Incentive spirometry
encourages deep breathing, which expands the lungs and mobilizes
secretions. Option A, isometric exercises, strengthens skeletal muscles but
does not maintain airway patency. Option B, suctioning every 8 hours, is not
indicated unless the client has excessive secretions; suctioning should be
performed as needed, not routinely. Option C, low-dose heparin, helps
prevent thrombus formation but does not maintain airway patency.
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative. Which of the following
nursing interventions reduce the risk of thrombus development? (Select all
that apply.)
A) Instruct the client not to use the Valsalva maneuver
B) Apply elastic stockings
C) Review laboratory values for total protein level
