Nassau Community College NUR 203 Cardiac Test 2 –
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Terms in this set (208)
Cardiac dysfunction in pregnancy Occurs when normal hemodynamic changes of
pregnancy (↑ blood volume 30-50 %, ↑ CO 30-50 %)
overwhelm a compromised heart, causing CHF or death
in 0.5-1 % of pregnancies. Accounts for ≈ 30 % of
maternal deaths.
HRP Rheumatic fever Post-strep A infection → valve scarring (esp. mitral) →
MVP; may need antibiotic prophylaxis for delivery or
invasive procedures.
HRP - Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) Valve fails to close fully; can lead to regurgitation,
arrhythmias, preterm birth; managed with β-blockers or
surgery if severe.
,Congenital heart disease in pregnancy Effect depends on type and repair status; small
ASD/VSD/MVP = low risk; cyanotic defects = high risk.
HRP - Hypertension & heart changes Chronic HTN raises long-term risk for CAD and HF after
pregnancy.
HRP - NYHA Class I Heart disease but asymptomatic even with exertion;
pregnancy generally safe.
HRP - NYHA Class II Symptoms with ordinary activity; moderate risk
(ASD/VSD).
HRP NYHA Class III Symptoms with minimal activity; significant risk (often
cyanotic defects).
HRP NYHA Class IV Symptoms at rest; pregnancy contraindicated (EF < 30
%, severe valve stenosis, pulmonary HTN).
HRP Clinical manifestations of cardiac Chest pain, dyspnea, fatigue, cough, wheezing,
dysfunction palpitations, edema, cyanosis, tachycardia.
Normal pregnancy cardiac changes ↑ blood volume and CO, ↓ systemic resistance, ↑ O₂
consumption; if heart already compromised → CHF.
HRP Hemodynamic stress points Greatest at 28-32 wks, during labor, and 0-48 h post-
partum when CO peaks ↑ 60-80 %.
, HRP Post-partum volume shift Placental autotransfusion ↑ circulating volume 20-40 %
→ temporary overload risk.
Pregnancy-induced arrhythmias Existing arrhythmias may worsen; stress can make latent
ones evident.
Pseudo-anemia of pregnancy Plasma ↑ > RBC ↑ → lower H&H without true iron
deficiency.
HRP Excessive weight gain ↑ cardiac workload → CHF risk.
Rheumatic heart disease in pregnancy Most common maternal cardiac cause; watch for joint
pain, chest pain, fever; treat with β-blockers, antibiotics,
anticoagulants.
Artificial valves in pregnancy Require anticoagulation; Coumadin avoided; may switch
to heparin; monitor for thrombosis.
HRP Pacemaker considerations Settings may need adjustment for pregnancy-related
HR changes.
HRP Cardiac decompensation Heart can't maintain adequate CO; results in dyspnea,
edema, crackles, palpitations, fatigue.
Ante-natal nursing care Classify disability, limit activity, promote rest, monitor
cardiac/respiratory status, administer meds
(anticoagulant, diuretic, antibiotic, iron), low-Na diet,
monitor fetus.
Labor positioning Semi-Fowler's or left-lateral → improves venous return
and placental perfusion.
Questions & A+ Solutions
Add to calendar
Play your way to mastery with fun games
Match Blocks Charms NEW
Terms in this set (208)
Cardiac dysfunction in pregnancy Occurs when normal hemodynamic changes of
pregnancy (↑ blood volume 30-50 %, ↑ CO 30-50 %)
overwhelm a compromised heart, causing CHF or death
in 0.5-1 % of pregnancies. Accounts for ≈ 30 % of
maternal deaths.
HRP Rheumatic fever Post-strep A infection → valve scarring (esp. mitral) →
MVP; may need antibiotic prophylaxis for delivery or
invasive procedures.
HRP - Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) Valve fails to close fully; can lead to regurgitation,
arrhythmias, preterm birth; managed with β-blockers or
surgery if severe.
,Congenital heart disease in pregnancy Effect depends on type and repair status; small
ASD/VSD/MVP = low risk; cyanotic defects = high risk.
HRP - Hypertension & heart changes Chronic HTN raises long-term risk for CAD and HF after
pregnancy.
HRP - NYHA Class I Heart disease but asymptomatic even with exertion;
pregnancy generally safe.
HRP - NYHA Class II Symptoms with ordinary activity; moderate risk
(ASD/VSD).
HRP NYHA Class III Symptoms with minimal activity; significant risk (often
cyanotic defects).
HRP NYHA Class IV Symptoms at rest; pregnancy contraindicated (EF < 30
%, severe valve stenosis, pulmonary HTN).
HRP Clinical manifestations of cardiac Chest pain, dyspnea, fatigue, cough, wheezing,
dysfunction palpitations, edema, cyanosis, tachycardia.
Normal pregnancy cardiac changes ↑ blood volume and CO, ↓ systemic resistance, ↑ O₂
consumption; if heart already compromised → CHF.
HRP Hemodynamic stress points Greatest at 28-32 wks, during labor, and 0-48 h post-
partum when CO peaks ↑ 60-80 %.
, HRP Post-partum volume shift Placental autotransfusion ↑ circulating volume 20-40 %
→ temporary overload risk.
Pregnancy-induced arrhythmias Existing arrhythmias may worsen; stress can make latent
ones evident.
Pseudo-anemia of pregnancy Plasma ↑ > RBC ↑ → lower H&H without true iron
deficiency.
HRP Excessive weight gain ↑ cardiac workload → CHF risk.
Rheumatic heart disease in pregnancy Most common maternal cardiac cause; watch for joint
pain, chest pain, fever; treat with β-blockers, antibiotics,
anticoagulants.
Artificial valves in pregnancy Require anticoagulation; Coumadin avoided; may switch
to heparin; monitor for thrombosis.
HRP Pacemaker considerations Settings may need adjustment for pregnancy-related
HR changes.
HRP Cardiac decompensation Heart can't maintain adequate CO; results in dyspnea,
edema, crackles, palpitations, fatigue.
Ante-natal nursing care Classify disability, limit activity, promote rest, monitor
cardiac/respiratory status, administer meds
(anticoagulant, diuretic, antibiotic, iron), low-Na diet,
monitor fetus.
Labor positioning Semi-Fowler's or left-lateral → improves venous return
and placental perfusion.
