NURS 4431 EXAM 1 PREP WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS 100% 2026
A nurse is admitting a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following provider
prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
A. Initiate a low-residue diet.
B. Pantoprazole 80 mg IV bolus twice daily
C. Ambulate twice daily.
D. Pancrelipase 500 units/kg PO three times daily with meals - Correct Answers B. Pantoprazole
80 mg IV bolus twice daily
Rationale: The nurse should anticipate a provider's prescription for a proton pump inhibitor to
decrease gastric acid production, which ultimately decrease pancreatic secretions.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of urolithiasis. Which of the following
should the nurse identify as an associated risk factor?
A. Hypocalcemia
B. BMI less than 25
C. Family history
D. Diuretic use - Correct Answers C. Family history
Rationale: Family history is strongly correlated with the formation of urolithiasis. A nurse should
assess a client who has kidney stones for familial tendencies toward stone formation.
A nurse is preparing to administer vaccines to a 1-year-old child. Which of the following vaccines
should the nurse give? (Select all that apply.)
,A. Measles, mumps rubella (MMR)
B. Diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP)
C. Varicella (VAR)
D. Rotavirus (RV)
E. Human papillomavirus (HPV4) - Correct Answers A. Measles, mumps rubella (MMR)
C. Varicella (VAR)
Rationale: Measles, mumps rubella (MMR) is correct. A 1-year-old child should receive the first
of two doses of the MMR vaccine.Diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP) is incorrect.
By 1 year of age, the child should have already received three doses of DTaP: at 2 months, 4
months, and 6 months. The child should receive a fourth dose at 15 months of age.Varicella
(VAR) is correct. A 1-year-old child should receive the first of two doses of the VAR
vaccine.Rotavirus (RV) is incorrect. A 1-year-old child should have received the RV vaccine in a
two or three dose series starting at 2 months of age.Human papillomavirus (HPV4) is incorrect.
A child should receive a three dose series of the HPV4 vaccine at 11 or 12 years of age.
A nurse is speaking with the mother of a 6-year-old child. Which of the following statements by
the mother should concern the nurse?
A. "The teacher says my child has to squint to see the board."
B. "My child has recently lost both front top teeth."
C. "My child often cheats when we play board games."
D. "Sometimes my child acts bossy with his friends." - Correct Answers A. "The teacher says my
child has to squint to see the board."
Rationale: Squinting to see the board can indicate a vision problem. It is essential to assess
children for hearing and vision problems. If not caught early, they lead to frustration and
decreased ability to learn.
,A nurse is assessing a toddler at a well-child visit. At what point in the physical examination
should the nurse examine the child's tympanic membrane?
A. At the end
B. At the beginning
C. Before examining the head and neck
D. Before auscultating the chest and abdomen - Correct Answers A. At the end
Rationale: When examining a toddler, the nurse should follow a modified head-to-toe approach,
starting at the head but deferring anything that the toddler is likely to view as invasive and
traumatic to the very end. The toddler is likely to resist not only having the ears examined, but
also anything that follows.
A nurse is completing an admission assessment on an adolescent client who is a vegetarian. He
eats milk products but does not like beans. Which of the following items should the nurse
suggest the client order for lunch to provide the nutrients most likely to be lacking in his diet?
A. Peanut butter and jelly sandwich
B. Baked potato topped with sour cream
C. Bagel with cream cheese
D. Fruit salad - Correct Answers A. Peanut butter and jelly sandwich
Rationale: A vegetarian diet may be low in protein, especially if the client does not substitute
protein-rich beans for meat protein. Peanut butter is an excellent source of protein. A peanut
butter and jelly sandwich, especially if prepared on protein-enriched bread, can provide almost
20 grams of protein.
, A nurse is preparing to perform an abdominal assessment on a child. Identify the sequence the
nurse should follow. (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the selected
order of performance. Use all the steps.)
A. Inspection
B. Superficial palpation
C. Deep palpation
D. Auscultation - Correct Answers A. Inspection
D. Auscultation
B. Superficial palpation
C. Deep palpation
Rationale: When performing an abdominal assessment on a child, the nurse should first inspect
the abdomen without touching and observe for anything that could indicate a medical concern.
Because palpation prior to auscultation can alter the bowel sounds, the nurse should auscultate
the abdomen for bowel sounds next. Then, the nurse should palpate the abdomen superficially
so the child won't tense her abdominal muscles. Finally, the nurse should perform a deep
palpation of the abdomen, making sure to palpate any painful areas last.
A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has croup and wet the bed overnight. When the
parents visit the next day, the nurse explains the situation and one of the parents says, "She
never wets the bed at home. I am so embarrassed." Which of the following responses should
the nurse make?
A. "It is expected for children who are hospitalized to regress. The toileting skills will return
when your child is feeling better."
B. "I know this can really be embarrassing. I have kids myself, so I understand, and it doesn't
bother me."
C. "Your child did not seem upset, so I wouldn't worry about it if I were you."
CORRECT ANSWERS 100% 2026
A nurse is admitting a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following provider
prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
A. Initiate a low-residue diet.
B. Pantoprazole 80 mg IV bolus twice daily
C. Ambulate twice daily.
D. Pancrelipase 500 units/kg PO three times daily with meals - Correct Answers B. Pantoprazole
80 mg IV bolus twice daily
Rationale: The nurse should anticipate a provider's prescription for a proton pump inhibitor to
decrease gastric acid production, which ultimately decrease pancreatic secretions.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of urolithiasis. Which of the following
should the nurse identify as an associated risk factor?
A. Hypocalcemia
B. BMI less than 25
C. Family history
D. Diuretic use - Correct Answers C. Family history
Rationale: Family history is strongly correlated with the formation of urolithiasis. A nurse should
assess a client who has kidney stones for familial tendencies toward stone formation.
A nurse is preparing to administer vaccines to a 1-year-old child. Which of the following vaccines
should the nurse give? (Select all that apply.)
,A. Measles, mumps rubella (MMR)
B. Diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP)
C. Varicella (VAR)
D. Rotavirus (RV)
E. Human papillomavirus (HPV4) - Correct Answers A. Measles, mumps rubella (MMR)
C. Varicella (VAR)
Rationale: Measles, mumps rubella (MMR) is correct. A 1-year-old child should receive the first
of two doses of the MMR vaccine.Diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP) is incorrect.
By 1 year of age, the child should have already received three doses of DTaP: at 2 months, 4
months, and 6 months. The child should receive a fourth dose at 15 months of age.Varicella
(VAR) is correct. A 1-year-old child should receive the first of two doses of the VAR
vaccine.Rotavirus (RV) is incorrect. A 1-year-old child should have received the RV vaccine in a
two or three dose series starting at 2 months of age.Human papillomavirus (HPV4) is incorrect.
A child should receive a three dose series of the HPV4 vaccine at 11 or 12 years of age.
A nurse is speaking with the mother of a 6-year-old child. Which of the following statements by
the mother should concern the nurse?
A. "The teacher says my child has to squint to see the board."
B. "My child has recently lost both front top teeth."
C. "My child often cheats when we play board games."
D. "Sometimes my child acts bossy with his friends." - Correct Answers A. "The teacher says my
child has to squint to see the board."
Rationale: Squinting to see the board can indicate a vision problem. It is essential to assess
children for hearing and vision problems. If not caught early, they lead to frustration and
decreased ability to learn.
,A nurse is assessing a toddler at a well-child visit. At what point in the physical examination
should the nurse examine the child's tympanic membrane?
A. At the end
B. At the beginning
C. Before examining the head and neck
D. Before auscultating the chest and abdomen - Correct Answers A. At the end
Rationale: When examining a toddler, the nurse should follow a modified head-to-toe approach,
starting at the head but deferring anything that the toddler is likely to view as invasive and
traumatic to the very end. The toddler is likely to resist not only having the ears examined, but
also anything that follows.
A nurse is completing an admission assessment on an adolescent client who is a vegetarian. He
eats milk products but does not like beans. Which of the following items should the nurse
suggest the client order for lunch to provide the nutrients most likely to be lacking in his diet?
A. Peanut butter and jelly sandwich
B. Baked potato topped with sour cream
C. Bagel with cream cheese
D. Fruit salad - Correct Answers A. Peanut butter and jelly sandwich
Rationale: A vegetarian diet may be low in protein, especially if the client does not substitute
protein-rich beans for meat protein. Peanut butter is an excellent source of protein. A peanut
butter and jelly sandwich, especially if prepared on protein-enriched bread, can provide almost
20 grams of protein.
, A nurse is preparing to perform an abdominal assessment on a child. Identify the sequence the
nurse should follow. (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the selected
order of performance. Use all the steps.)
A. Inspection
B. Superficial palpation
C. Deep palpation
D. Auscultation - Correct Answers A. Inspection
D. Auscultation
B. Superficial palpation
C. Deep palpation
Rationale: When performing an abdominal assessment on a child, the nurse should first inspect
the abdomen without touching and observe for anything that could indicate a medical concern.
Because palpation prior to auscultation can alter the bowel sounds, the nurse should auscultate
the abdomen for bowel sounds next. Then, the nurse should palpate the abdomen superficially
so the child won't tense her abdominal muscles. Finally, the nurse should perform a deep
palpation of the abdomen, making sure to palpate any painful areas last.
A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has croup and wet the bed overnight. When the
parents visit the next day, the nurse explains the situation and one of the parents says, "She
never wets the bed at home. I am so embarrassed." Which of the following responses should
the nurse make?
A. "It is expected for children who are hospitalized to regress. The toileting skills will return
when your child is feeling better."
B. "I know this can really be embarrassing. I have kids myself, so I understand, and it doesn't
bother me."
C. "Your child did not seem upset, so I wouldn't worry about it if I were you."
