NSG 3100 Final Exam — Practice Exam
Questions with Correct Answers
(Verifiedanswers) Plus Detailed Rationales
2026 Q&A Instant Download PDF
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a client who reports shortness of breath.
Which assessment finding requires the nurse's priority
attention?
A. Respiratory rate of 22/min
B. Oxygen saturation of 89% on room air
C. Mild anxiety
D. Occasional nonproductive cough
Answer: B. Oxygen saturation of 89% on room air
An oxygen saturation of 89% indicates hypoxemia and requires
prompt assessment and intervention, particularly when
accompanied by shortness of breath. The nurse should assess
airway and breathing, determine the client's baseline oxygen
saturation, position the client appropriately, and administer
oxygen as prescribed or according to protocol. A respiratory rate
of 22/min represents mild tachypnea but is less immediately
,concerning than documented hypoxemia. Anxiety and a mild
nonproductive cough may accompany respiratory distress but
do not take priority over impaired oxygenation.
Question 2
Which action by a nurse is most effective for preventing the
transmission of infection?
A. Wearing gloves for every client interaction
B. Performing hand hygiene before and after client contact
C. Administering antibiotics prophylactically
D. Keeping all clients in private rooms
Answer: B. Performing hand hygiene before and after client
contact
Hand hygiene is the single most important routine measure for
preventing transmission of microorganisms in healthcare
settings. It should be performed before and after client contact
and at other indicated moments, such as before an aseptic
procedure and after contact with potentially infectious material.
Gloves do not replace hand hygiene. Antibiotics do not prevent
most healthcare-associated infections and inappropriate use
contributes to antimicrobial resistance. Private rooms are
necessary for certain isolation precautions but are not required
for every client.
,Question 3
A nurse is caring for a client who has dysphagia following a
stroke. Which intervention is most appropriate?
A. Offer thin liquids to make swallowing easier
B. Position the client upright during meals
C. Encourage the client to eat rapidly
D. Place food on the affected side of the mouth
Answer: B. Position the client upright during meals
An upright position promotes safer swallowing and reduces the
risk of aspiration. Clients with dysphagia may require a
swallowing evaluation and prescribed modifications such as
thickened liquids or altered food consistency. Thin liquids may
be difficult for some clients to control and can increase
aspiration risk. Eating rapidly increases the likelihood of choking
or aspiration. Food placement should follow the swallowing
specialist's recommendations; placing food on an impaired side
may not be appropriate.
Question 4
A client receiving opioid analgesia becomes difficult to arouse
and has a respiratory rate of 8/min. Which medication should
the nurse anticipate administering?
, A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Protamine sulfate
D. Vitamin K
Answer: B. Naloxone
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid-induced
respiratory depression. A respiratory rate of 8/min accompanied
by decreased level of consciousness is a significant indication for
immediate assessment and intervention. Flumazenil reverses
benzodiazepine effects. Protamine sulfate reverses heparin,
while vitamin K is used to reverse the effects of warfarin. The
nurse should also support airway and breathing while following
emergency protocols.
Question 5
Which finding is most consistent with hypoglycemia?
A. Warm, dry skin and thirst
B. Polyuria and fruity breath
C. Diaphoresis, tremors, and confusion
D. Kussmaul respirations
Answer: C. Diaphoresis, tremors, and confusion
Hypoglycemia activates the sympathetic nervous system,
producing manifestations such as sweating, tremors,
Questions with Correct Answers
(Verifiedanswers) Plus Detailed Rationales
2026 Q&A Instant Download PDF
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a client who reports shortness of breath.
Which assessment finding requires the nurse's priority
attention?
A. Respiratory rate of 22/min
B. Oxygen saturation of 89% on room air
C. Mild anxiety
D. Occasional nonproductive cough
Answer: B. Oxygen saturation of 89% on room air
An oxygen saturation of 89% indicates hypoxemia and requires
prompt assessment and intervention, particularly when
accompanied by shortness of breath. The nurse should assess
airway and breathing, determine the client's baseline oxygen
saturation, position the client appropriately, and administer
oxygen as prescribed or according to protocol. A respiratory rate
of 22/min represents mild tachypnea but is less immediately
,concerning than documented hypoxemia. Anxiety and a mild
nonproductive cough may accompany respiratory distress but
do not take priority over impaired oxygenation.
Question 2
Which action by a nurse is most effective for preventing the
transmission of infection?
A. Wearing gloves for every client interaction
B. Performing hand hygiene before and after client contact
C. Administering antibiotics prophylactically
D. Keeping all clients in private rooms
Answer: B. Performing hand hygiene before and after client
contact
Hand hygiene is the single most important routine measure for
preventing transmission of microorganisms in healthcare
settings. It should be performed before and after client contact
and at other indicated moments, such as before an aseptic
procedure and after contact with potentially infectious material.
Gloves do not replace hand hygiene. Antibiotics do not prevent
most healthcare-associated infections and inappropriate use
contributes to antimicrobial resistance. Private rooms are
necessary for certain isolation precautions but are not required
for every client.
,Question 3
A nurse is caring for a client who has dysphagia following a
stroke. Which intervention is most appropriate?
A. Offer thin liquids to make swallowing easier
B. Position the client upright during meals
C. Encourage the client to eat rapidly
D. Place food on the affected side of the mouth
Answer: B. Position the client upright during meals
An upright position promotes safer swallowing and reduces the
risk of aspiration. Clients with dysphagia may require a
swallowing evaluation and prescribed modifications such as
thickened liquids or altered food consistency. Thin liquids may
be difficult for some clients to control and can increase
aspiration risk. Eating rapidly increases the likelihood of choking
or aspiration. Food placement should follow the swallowing
specialist's recommendations; placing food on an impaired side
may not be appropriate.
Question 4
A client receiving opioid analgesia becomes difficult to arouse
and has a respiratory rate of 8/min. Which medication should
the nurse anticipate administering?
, A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Protamine sulfate
D. Vitamin K
Answer: B. Naloxone
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid-induced
respiratory depression. A respiratory rate of 8/min accompanied
by decreased level of consciousness is a significant indication for
immediate assessment and intervention. Flumazenil reverses
benzodiazepine effects. Protamine sulfate reverses heparin,
while vitamin K is used to reverse the effects of warfarin. The
nurse should also support airway and breathing while following
emergency protocols.
Question 5
Which finding is most consistent with hypoglycemia?
A. Warm, dry skin and thirst
B. Polyuria and fruity breath
C. Diaphoresis, tremors, and confusion
D. Kussmaul respirations
Answer: C. Diaphoresis, tremors, and confusion
Hypoglycemia activates the sympathetic nervous system,
producing manifestations such as sweating, tremors,
