Midterm Exam Prep: NR509 / NR 509
Midterm Exam Prep Test Bank with a
Review of 250 Questions and Correct
Answers with Rationales/ NR 509
Midterm Exam Prep / NR509
EXAM 1: Foundations of Pediatric Nursing & Growth and Development
Question 1
The nurse is providing atraumatic care to a 4-year-old child during a venipuncture. Which
intervention best promotes a sense of control for the child?
A. Ask the parents to wait in the waiting room during the procedure
B. Restrain the child firmly to prevent movement and ensure safety
C. Allow the child to choose a sticker for the nurse to wear after the procedure
D. Explain the procedure in detail using complex medical terminology
Answer: C
Rationale: Promoting a sense of control involves offering the child choices whenever possible,
such as choosing a reward sticker or a bandage color. This gives the child a small measure of
power in an otherwise uncontrollable situation. Restraint should be a last resort, parents should
be present for support, and explanations must be developmentally appropriate and simple, not
complex.
Question 2
The parents of a 6-month-old infant hospitalized for a respiratory infection tell the nurse, "We
need to stay with her, but we also need to care for our other children at home." Which nursing
response best supports family-centered care?
A. "You need to decide who is the most important and be here"
B. "Don't worry, the hospital staff will provide all the care she needs"
,C. "Let's discuss a flexible visiting plan that allows you to meet the needs of your whole family"
D. "It's best if only one parent visits at a time to reduce stimulation for the infant"
Answer: C
Rationale: Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child's life. The
nurse's role is to support the family's strengths and needs, which includes collaborating on a
plan that addresses the needs of all family members. This approach demonstrates "enabling"
and "empowerment" by giving families opportunities to maintain control and make positive
changes.
Question 3
A nurse is teaching parents of a newborn about safety. Which statement by the parents
indicates correct understanding of injury prevention for their 2-month-old?
A. "We can put him to sleep on his tummy now that he can hold his head up"
B. "Once he starts rolling over, it's safe to leave him alone on the changing table"
C. "We will set our water heater to 120°F (49°C) to prevent scalding during baths"
D. "It's okay to leave the bumper pad in the crib to keep him comfortable"
Answer: C
Rationale: Anticipatory guidance for infants includes teaching parents to lower the water heater
temperature to below 120°F to prevent burns. Infants should always be placed on their backs to
sleep, never left unattended on elevated surfaces, and cribs should be free of soft objects like
bumper pads to reduce the risk of SIDS and suffocation.
Question 4
The nurse is assessing a 9-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which finding should be
reported as a potential developmental delay?
A. The infant cries and shows anxiety when the mother leaves the room
B. The infant uses a pincer grasp to pick up small pieces of cereal
C. The infant does not respond to his own name or turn to locate sounds
D. The infant babbles "mama" and "dada" nonspecifically
Answer: C
,Rationale: By 9 months, infants should respond to their name and turn to locate sounds.
Stranger anxiety and separation anxiety are normal at this age. The pincer grasp typically
develops between 9-12 months, and nonspecific babbling of "mama" and "dada" is expected.
Not responding to name is a red flag requiring further evaluation.
Question 5
A 12-month-old child is at a well-child visit. According to Erikson's theory, what is the
developmental task the child is working to achieve?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Trust vs. Mistrust
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Answer: C
Rationale: Infants (birth to 1 year) are in Erikson's Trust vs. Mistrust stage. They develop trust
when their basic needs are consistently met, resulting in faith and optimism. Autonomy vs.
Shame and Doubt begins in toddlerhood (1-3 years).
Question 6
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of a 2-year-old regarding discipline.
Which approach is most appropriate?
A. "Time-out should last 10-15 minutes to be effective"
B. "Physical punishment teaches children appropriate behavior"
C. "A 2-minute time-out combined with praise for good behavior is effective"
D. "Discipline should be delayed until the child can understand consequences"
Answer: C
Rationale: Time-out lasting approximately 1 minute per year of age (2 minutes for a 2-year-old)
combined with praise for positive behavior is effective and developmentally appropriate.
Physical punishment is never recommended, and discipline should be immediate for toddlers to
understand the connection between behavior and consequence.
Question 7
, A 4-year-old child is hospitalized and is afraid of having blood drawn. The child tells the nurse,
"The monster is going to get me." What is the best understanding of this statement?
A. The child is showing signs of a psychiatric disorder
B. The child is engaging in magical thinking, which is normal at this age
C. The child has been abused and needs further assessment
D. The child is trying to manipulate the nurse to avoid the procedure
Answer: B
Rationale: Preschoolers engage in magical thinking, believing their thoughts or actions can
cause events. They have active imaginations and are prone to fears. This is normal for this
developmental stage. The nurse should acknowledge the fear and provide simple, honest
explanations about the procedure.
Question 8
A 7-year-old child is hospitalized for a minor surgical procedure. Based on Erikson's stage of
Industry vs. Inferiority, which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
A. Allow the child to make choices about her meal menu and daily schedule
B. Provide a doll and medical kit for the child to play out hospital experiences
C. Praise the child for her efforts in helping the nurse with simple tasks like getting a bandage
D. Encourage the parents to room-in to provide comfort and security
Answer: C
Rationale: School-age children (6-12 years) are in Erikson's Industry vs. Inferiority stage. They
need opportunities to be productive, complete tasks, and receive recognition for their efforts.
Praising their contributions fosters a sense of accomplishment and industry.
Question 9
The mother of an 8-month-old infant asks which foods should be avoided to prevent choking.
Which response by the nurse is correct?
A. "Hot dogs cut into small round pieces are safe"
B. "Grapes should be cut into quarters lengthwise"
C. "Whole nuts and popcorn are safe for an 8-month-old"
D. "Hard candy is acceptable if the child is supervised"
Midterm Exam Prep Test Bank with a
Review of 250 Questions and Correct
Answers with Rationales/ NR 509
Midterm Exam Prep / NR509
EXAM 1: Foundations of Pediatric Nursing & Growth and Development
Question 1
The nurse is providing atraumatic care to a 4-year-old child during a venipuncture. Which
intervention best promotes a sense of control for the child?
A. Ask the parents to wait in the waiting room during the procedure
B. Restrain the child firmly to prevent movement and ensure safety
C. Allow the child to choose a sticker for the nurse to wear after the procedure
D. Explain the procedure in detail using complex medical terminology
Answer: C
Rationale: Promoting a sense of control involves offering the child choices whenever possible,
such as choosing a reward sticker or a bandage color. This gives the child a small measure of
power in an otherwise uncontrollable situation. Restraint should be a last resort, parents should
be present for support, and explanations must be developmentally appropriate and simple, not
complex.
Question 2
The parents of a 6-month-old infant hospitalized for a respiratory infection tell the nurse, "We
need to stay with her, but we also need to care for our other children at home." Which nursing
response best supports family-centered care?
A. "You need to decide who is the most important and be here"
B. "Don't worry, the hospital staff will provide all the care she needs"
,C. "Let's discuss a flexible visiting plan that allows you to meet the needs of your whole family"
D. "It's best if only one parent visits at a time to reduce stimulation for the infant"
Answer: C
Rationale: Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child's life. The
nurse's role is to support the family's strengths and needs, which includes collaborating on a
plan that addresses the needs of all family members. This approach demonstrates "enabling"
and "empowerment" by giving families opportunities to maintain control and make positive
changes.
Question 3
A nurse is teaching parents of a newborn about safety. Which statement by the parents
indicates correct understanding of injury prevention for their 2-month-old?
A. "We can put him to sleep on his tummy now that he can hold his head up"
B. "Once he starts rolling over, it's safe to leave him alone on the changing table"
C. "We will set our water heater to 120°F (49°C) to prevent scalding during baths"
D. "It's okay to leave the bumper pad in the crib to keep him comfortable"
Answer: C
Rationale: Anticipatory guidance for infants includes teaching parents to lower the water heater
temperature to below 120°F to prevent burns. Infants should always be placed on their backs to
sleep, never left unattended on elevated surfaces, and cribs should be free of soft objects like
bumper pads to reduce the risk of SIDS and suffocation.
Question 4
The nurse is assessing a 9-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which finding should be
reported as a potential developmental delay?
A. The infant cries and shows anxiety when the mother leaves the room
B. The infant uses a pincer grasp to pick up small pieces of cereal
C. The infant does not respond to his own name or turn to locate sounds
D. The infant babbles "mama" and "dada" nonspecifically
Answer: C
,Rationale: By 9 months, infants should respond to their name and turn to locate sounds.
Stranger anxiety and separation anxiety are normal at this age. The pincer grasp typically
develops between 9-12 months, and nonspecific babbling of "mama" and "dada" is expected.
Not responding to name is a red flag requiring further evaluation.
Question 5
A 12-month-old child is at a well-child visit. According to Erikson's theory, what is the
developmental task the child is working to achieve?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Trust vs. Mistrust
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Answer: C
Rationale: Infants (birth to 1 year) are in Erikson's Trust vs. Mistrust stage. They develop trust
when their basic needs are consistently met, resulting in faith and optimism. Autonomy vs.
Shame and Doubt begins in toddlerhood (1-3 years).
Question 6
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of a 2-year-old regarding discipline.
Which approach is most appropriate?
A. "Time-out should last 10-15 minutes to be effective"
B. "Physical punishment teaches children appropriate behavior"
C. "A 2-minute time-out combined with praise for good behavior is effective"
D. "Discipline should be delayed until the child can understand consequences"
Answer: C
Rationale: Time-out lasting approximately 1 minute per year of age (2 minutes for a 2-year-old)
combined with praise for positive behavior is effective and developmentally appropriate.
Physical punishment is never recommended, and discipline should be immediate for toddlers to
understand the connection between behavior and consequence.
Question 7
, A 4-year-old child is hospitalized and is afraid of having blood drawn. The child tells the nurse,
"The monster is going to get me." What is the best understanding of this statement?
A. The child is showing signs of a psychiatric disorder
B. The child is engaging in magical thinking, which is normal at this age
C. The child has been abused and needs further assessment
D. The child is trying to manipulate the nurse to avoid the procedure
Answer: B
Rationale: Preschoolers engage in magical thinking, believing their thoughts or actions can
cause events. They have active imaginations and are prone to fears. This is normal for this
developmental stage. The nurse should acknowledge the fear and provide simple, honest
explanations about the procedure.
Question 8
A 7-year-old child is hospitalized for a minor surgical procedure. Based on Erikson's stage of
Industry vs. Inferiority, which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
A. Allow the child to make choices about her meal menu and daily schedule
B. Provide a doll and medical kit for the child to play out hospital experiences
C. Praise the child for her efforts in helping the nurse with simple tasks like getting a bandage
D. Encourage the parents to room-in to provide comfort and security
Answer: C
Rationale: School-age children (6-12 years) are in Erikson's Industry vs. Inferiority stage. They
need opportunities to be productive, complete tasks, and receive recognition for their efforts.
Praising their contributions fosters a sense of accomplishment and industry.
Question 9
The mother of an 8-month-old infant asks which foods should be avoided to prevent choking.
Which response by the nurse is correct?
A. "Hot dogs cut into small round pieces are safe"
B. "Grapes should be cut into quarters lengthwise"
C. "Whole nuts and popcorn are safe for an 8-month-old"
D. "Hard candy is acceptable if the child is supervised"
