DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY
PSY 404 PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAMINATION
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
LATEST 2026-2027 UPDATE
1. Which domain of the Big Five Personality Model reflects an individual's level of
organization, goal-directed behavior, and self-discipline?
A) Extraversion
B) Conscientiousness
C) Openness to Experience
D) Agreeableness
Rationale: Conscientiousness measures impulse control, organization, and goal-driven persistence. High scorers
tend to be methodical, reliable, and thorough.
2. In Sigmund Freud's structural model of personality, which component operates
entirely on the pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification?
A) Id
B) Ego
C) Superego
D) Ideal Self
Rationale: The id is the primitive, unconscious drive reservoir seeking instant satisfaction of basic biological
impulses without regard for societal rules.
3. Carl Jung introduced the concept of shared ancestral memory structures stored
across human history, which he named the:
A) Personal Unconscious
B) Collective Unconscious
C) Ego Ideal
D) Shadow Projection
Rationale: The collective unconscious contains universal archetypes and instincts shared across humanity rather
than individual life memories.
4. According to Carl Rogers' humanistic theory, psychological health and self-
actualization require receiving what from primary caregivers?
A) Conditional Positive Regard
B) Unconditional Positive Regard
, C) Systematic Desensitization
D) Internalized Conditions of Worth
Rationale: Unconditional positive regard involves total acceptance without conditions, allowing individuals to
develop congruent self-concepts.
5. What defense mechanism involves reattributing one's own unacceptable thoughts,
feelings, or motives onto another person?
A) Reaction Formation
B) Sublimation
C) Projection
D) Displacement
Rationale: Projection protects the ego by attributing uncomfortable personal urges or unacceptable traits onto
others.
6. Albert Bandura's concept of reciprocal determinism proposes that personality
develops through dynamic interactions between:
A) Cognitive factors, behavior, and environmental context
B) Id drives, ego structures, and superego constraints
C) Genotype expressions, physical traits, and neural pathways
D) Trait dispositions, situational forces, and luck
Rationale: Reciprocal determinism highlights continuous, mutual feedback between personal cognitions,
behavioral choices, and social environments.
7. An individual who believes that their personal successes and failures depend primarily
on their own actions exhibits a high:
A) Internal Locus of Control
B) External Locus of Control
C) Self-Monitoring Trait
D) Learned Helplessness
Rationale: Internal locus of control describes the conviction that personal decisions and efforts directly dictate life
outcomes.
8. Raymond Cattell used factor analysis to reduce thousands of personality descriptors
down to how many primary source traits?
A) 5
B) 16
C) 3
D) 4,500
Rationale: Cattell identified 16 fundamental source traits, forming the basis of his 16 Personality Factor (16PF)
PSY 404 PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAMINATION
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
LATEST 2026-2027 UPDATE
1. Which domain of the Big Five Personality Model reflects an individual's level of
organization, goal-directed behavior, and self-discipline?
A) Extraversion
B) Conscientiousness
C) Openness to Experience
D) Agreeableness
Rationale: Conscientiousness measures impulse control, organization, and goal-driven persistence. High scorers
tend to be methodical, reliable, and thorough.
2. In Sigmund Freud's structural model of personality, which component operates
entirely on the pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification?
A) Id
B) Ego
C) Superego
D) Ideal Self
Rationale: The id is the primitive, unconscious drive reservoir seeking instant satisfaction of basic biological
impulses without regard for societal rules.
3. Carl Jung introduced the concept of shared ancestral memory structures stored
across human history, which he named the:
A) Personal Unconscious
B) Collective Unconscious
C) Ego Ideal
D) Shadow Projection
Rationale: The collective unconscious contains universal archetypes and instincts shared across humanity rather
than individual life memories.
4. According to Carl Rogers' humanistic theory, psychological health and self-
actualization require receiving what from primary caregivers?
A) Conditional Positive Regard
B) Unconditional Positive Regard
, C) Systematic Desensitization
D) Internalized Conditions of Worth
Rationale: Unconditional positive regard involves total acceptance without conditions, allowing individuals to
develop congruent self-concepts.
5. What defense mechanism involves reattributing one's own unacceptable thoughts,
feelings, or motives onto another person?
A) Reaction Formation
B) Sublimation
C) Projection
D) Displacement
Rationale: Projection protects the ego by attributing uncomfortable personal urges or unacceptable traits onto
others.
6. Albert Bandura's concept of reciprocal determinism proposes that personality
develops through dynamic interactions between:
A) Cognitive factors, behavior, and environmental context
B) Id drives, ego structures, and superego constraints
C) Genotype expressions, physical traits, and neural pathways
D) Trait dispositions, situational forces, and luck
Rationale: Reciprocal determinism highlights continuous, mutual feedback between personal cognitions,
behavioral choices, and social environments.
7. An individual who believes that their personal successes and failures depend primarily
on their own actions exhibits a high:
A) Internal Locus of Control
B) External Locus of Control
C) Self-Monitoring Trait
D) Learned Helplessness
Rationale: Internal locus of control describes the conviction that personal decisions and efforts directly dictate life
outcomes.
8. Raymond Cattell used factor analysis to reduce thousands of personality descriptors
down to how many primary source traits?
A) 5
B) 16
C) 3
D) 4,500
Rationale: Cattell identified 16 fundamental source traits, forming the basis of his 16 Personality Factor (16PF)
