ASTRO 7N EXAM 2 - COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE THIS YEAR
JUST RELEASED
Question 1: How much energy is required to cause collisions
during each step of "p-p chain"
Answer:
a lot of energy
Question 2: What is generated and released at each step of the "p-p
chain"
Answer:
energy!!
Question 3: What is the equation that energy output form the p-p
chain comes from?
Answer:
E=mc^2
Question 4: How does the mass of a helium-4 nucleus compare to
the mass of 4 protons
Answer:
it is much less that the 4 protons
Question 5: What happens to some of the mass of the helium-4
nucleus?
Answer:
converted to energy in the form of gamma-ray photons
Question 6: The core of the Sun is
Answer:
,at the center; high density and temperature; where nuclear reactions
occur and gamma rays are produced
Question 7: Radiative zone of the sun
Answer:
photons are repeatedly re-absorbed and re-emitted; the energy of an
individual photon can take on average 170,000 years to pass through
Question 8: Convective zone of sun
Answer:
hot gas rises and cold gas sinks; light traverses in 1 week
Question 9: Photosphere of sun
Answer:
temperature 5,780 K; this is the "surface" of the sun that we see;
photons have been converted to visible wavelengths; can see "granules"
due to convection bringing material up and down in cells
Question 10: Chromosphere of sun
Answer:
red or orange color; temperature about 4,500 K; we see through this,
down to the photosphere
Question 11: Flare (sun)
Answer:
eruption coming out of Sun due to magnetic activity
Question 12: Prominence - (of the Sun)
Answer:
hoop shaped eruption out of Sun due to magnetic activity
Question 13: Corona (sun)
Answer:
, low density; temperature 1 million K; visible during solar eclipse
Question 14: Solar wind -(of the Sun)
Answer:
charged particles coming from Sun's surface, escaping to deep space;
the solar wind permeates the whole solar system
Question 15: Luminosity ("L")
Answer:
is the absolute power output, at the source (e.g. A star's surface)
Question 16: Brightness ("B")
Answer:
is apparent output, as observed as some distance (d) away
Question 17: What does the inverse square law determine?
Answer:
inverse square law determines how bright a star appears, based upon its
luminosity (intrinsic brightness) and its distance
Question 18: Inverse-square law
Answer:
B = L/4■d2 or B ∝ L/d2
Question 19: If two stars have the same luminosity and one is ten
times father away than the other, it will appear times as bright, (that
is, times fainter)
Answer:
1/10^2 bright; 100 times fainter
Question 20: If star A is 4 times as luminous as star Bm then stars
A and B would appear bright if star A were 2 times as far away as
star B.
DETAILED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE THIS YEAR
JUST RELEASED
Question 1: How much energy is required to cause collisions
during each step of "p-p chain"
Answer:
a lot of energy
Question 2: What is generated and released at each step of the "p-p
chain"
Answer:
energy!!
Question 3: What is the equation that energy output form the p-p
chain comes from?
Answer:
E=mc^2
Question 4: How does the mass of a helium-4 nucleus compare to
the mass of 4 protons
Answer:
it is much less that the 4 protons
Question 5: What happens to some of the mass of the helium-4
nucleus?
Answer:
converted to energy in the form of gamma-ray photons
Question 6: The core of the Sun is
Answer:
,at the center; high density and temperature; where nuclear reactions
occur and gamma rays are produced
Question 7: Radiative zone of the sun
Answer:
photons are repeatedly re-absorbed and re-emitted; the energy of an
individual photon can take on average 170,000 years to pass through
Question 8: Convective zone of sun
Answer:
hot gas rises and cold gas sinks; light traverses in 1 week
Question 9: Photosphere of sun
Answer:
temperature 5,780 K; this is the "surface" of the sun that we see;
photons have been converted to visible wavelengths; can see "granules"
due to convection bringing material up and down in cells
Question 10: Chromosphere of sun
Answer:
red or orange color; temperature about 4,500 K; we see through this,
down to the photosphere
Question 11: Flare (sun)
Answer:
eruption coming out of Sun due to magnetic activity
Question 12: Prominence - (of the Sun)
Answer:
hoop shaped eruption out of Sun due to magnetic activity
Question 13: Corona (sun)
Answer:
, low density; temperature 1 million K; visible during solar eclipse
Question 14: Solar wind -(of the Sun)
Answer:
charged particles coming from Sun's surface, escaping to deep space;
the solar wind permeates the whole solar system
Question 15: Luminosity ("L")
Answer:
is the absolute power output, at the source (e.g. A star's surface)
Question 16: Brightness ("B")
Answer:
is apparent output, as observed as some distance (d) away
Question 17: What does the inverse square law determine?
Answer:
inverse square law determines how bright a star appears, based upon its
luminosity (intrinsic brightness) and its distance
Question 18: Inverse-square law
Answer:
B = L/4■d2 or B ∝ L/d2
Question 19: If two stars have the same luminosity and one is ten
times father away than the other, it will appear times as bright, (that
is, times fainter)
Answer:
1/10^2 bright; 100 times fainter
Question 20: If star A is 4 times as luminous as star Bm then stars
A and B would appear bright if star A were 2 times as far away as
star B.
