COMM 104 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Inductive reasoning - Answers - influenced by chance or variation, depends on the
evidence at hand,conclusions are subject to revision or possible rejection based on new
info
bottom up- conclusions are probabilistic
depends on evident at hand
conclusions based on sound inductive argument
Deductive reasoning - Answers - general rule/ theory> specific case, top down approach
deductive arguments require that the conclusion must be true if all premises are true
conclusions are not always true depends on meaning of words/rules conclusions based
on valid deductive arguments
Deductively valid - Answers - there is no possibility that the premises are all true and
conclusions are false - can be formed using certain language templates
deductive logis - Answers - relationships between statements often depends on words
like both and not nor either neither only unless and except
author - Answers - experiences and background views and beliefs
Voice - Answers - writing personality
audience - Answers - know audience like you know yourself
purpose - Answers - both writer and audience need to know
presentation - Answers - getting attention -passion-style
Information literacy - Answers - ability to identify locate evaluate, and effectively use info
Cues - Answers - anything besides the message argument
Cognitive heuristics - Answers - natural human decision making shortcuts that we use to
speed up our decisions about what to believe or what to do
satisficing - Answers - having found an option that is good enough , we take it
, Cognitive miser - Answers - is an umbrella theory of social cognition that brings together
previous research on heuristics and attributional biases. The theory suggests that
humans, valuing their mental processing resources, find different ways to save time and
effort when negotiating the social world.
Central route thinking - Answers - consists of thoughtful consideration of the arguments
(ideas, content) of the message
Peripheral route thinking - Answers - also occurs when a listener is persuaded because
he or she notices that a message has many arguments -- but lacks the ability or
motivation to think about them individually.
Ethics - Answers - moral principles that govern a persons or groups behavior
communicative acts are ethical? - Answers - we socially construct what behavior/ comm
is ethical
Censorship - Answers - the practice of officially examining books, movies, etc., and
suppressing unacceptable parts.
Ghostwriting - Answers - a person whose job it is to write material for someone else
who is the nam
Advocate system - Answers - effort to change policies, rules or laws which determine
how services are provided
The 4 questions to ask about your sample when evaluating inductive generalizations
(know them and what each means), - Answers - 1. was the correct group samples?-
what is your favorite thing to do on a friday night? -age
2. were the data obtained in an effective way?
3. were enough cases considered? qualitative/quantitative
4. was the sample represented accurately structures?
the 3 types of relationships between variables - Answers - coincidences, correlations,
causes
coincidence - Answers - when two or more events occur together by chance- sports
superstition
correlation - Answers - when 2 or more events occur together several times
job satisfication/performance
cuases - Answers - when 2 or more events occur together and the earlier event
influence the later one
ANSWERS
Inductive reasoning - Answers - influenced by chance or variation, depends on the
evidence at hand,conclusions are subject to revision or possible rejection based on new
info
bottom up- conclusions are probabilistic
depends on evident at hand
conclusions based on sound inductive argument
Deductive reasoning - Answers - general rule/ theory> specific case, top down approach
deductive arguments require that the conclusion must be true if all premises are true
conclusions are not always true depends on meaning of words/rules conclusions based
on valid deductive arguments
Deductively valid - Answers - there is no possibility that the premises are all true and
conclusions are false - can be formed using certain language templates
deductive logis - Answers - relationships between statements often depends on words
like both and not nor either neither only unless and except
author - Answers - experiences and background views and beliefs
Voice - Answers - writing personality
audience - Answers - know audience like you know yourself
purpose - Answers - both writer and audience need to know
presentation - Answers - getting attention -passion-style
Information literacy - Answers - ability to identify locate evaluate, and effectively use info
Cues - Answers - anything besides the message argument
Cognitive heuristics - Answers - natural human decision making shortcuts that we use to
speed up our decisions about what to believe or what to do
satisficing - Answers - having found an option that is good enough , we take it
, Cognitive miser - Answers - is an umbrella theory of social cognition that brings together
previous research on heuristics and attributional biases. The theory suggests that
humans, valuing their mental processing resources, find different ways to save time and
effort when negotiating the social world.
Central route thinking - Answers - consists of thoughtful consideration of the arguments
(ideas, content) of the message
Peripheral route thinking - Answers - also occurs when a listener is persuaded because
he or she notices that a message has many arguments -- but lacks the ability or
motivation to think about them individually.
Ethics - Answers - moral principles that govern a persons or groups behavior
communicative acts are ethical? - Answers - we socially construct what behavior/ comm
is ethical
Censorship - Answers - the practice of officially examining books, movies, etc., and
suppressing unacceptable parts.
Ghostwriting - Answers - a person whose job it is to write material for someone else
who is the nam
Advocate system - Answers - effort to change policies, rules or laws which determine
how services are provided
The 4 questions to ask about your sample when evaluating inductive generalizations
(know them and what each means), - Answers - 1. was the correct group samples?-
what is your favorite thing to do on a friday night? -age
2. were the data obtained in an effective way?
3. were enough cases considered? qualitative/quantitative
4. was the sample represented accurately structures?
the 3 types of relationships between variables - Answers - coincidences, correlations,
causes
coincidence - Answers - when two or more events occur together by chance- sports
superstition
correlation - Answers - when 2 or more events occur together several times
job satisfication/performance
cuases - Answers - when 2 or more events occur together and the earlier event
influence the later one
