HESI PN FUNDAMENTALS EXIT FINAL PAPER
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ The nurse assesses a 2-year-old who is admitted for dehydration
and finds that the peripheral IV rate by gravity has slowed, even
though the venous access site is healthy. What should the nurse do
next?
A.
Apply a warm compress proximal to the site.
B.
Check for kinks in the tubing and raise the IV pole.
C.
Adjust the tape that stabilizes the needle.
D.
Flush with normal saline and recount the drop rate.
Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should first check the tubing and height of the
bag on the IV pole, which are common factors that may slow the
rate. Gravity infusion rates are influenced by the height of the bag,
tubing clamp closure or kinks, needle size or position, fluid viscosity,
client blood pressure (crying in the pediatric client), and infiltration.
Venospasm can slow the rate and often responds to warmth over the
vessel, but the nurse should first adjust the IV pole height. The nurse
may need to adjust the stabilizing tape on a positional needle or
,flush the venous access with normal saline, but less invasive actions
should be implemented first.
◉ The nurse manager of a skilled nursing (chronic care) unit is
instructing UAPs on ways to prevent complications of immobility.
Which action should be included in this instruction?
A.
Perform range-of-motion exercises to prevent contractures.
B.
Decrease the client's fluid intake to prevent diarrhea.
C.
Massage the client's legs to reduce embolism occurrence.
D.
Turn the client from side to back every shift.
Answer: A
Rationale: Performing range-of-motion exercises is beneficial in
reducing contractures around joints. Options B, C, and D are all
potentially harmful practices that place the immobile client at risk of
complications.
◉ The nurse administered 10 mg of diazepam to the preoperative
client. What steps will the nurse take next? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Place the client in the bed next to the nurse's station.
,B.
Instruct the client not to get out of bed.
C.
Place the call bell within the client's reach.
D.
Place the side rails up, according to institutional policy.
E.
Assist the client to the bathroom
Answer: B, C, D
Rationale: Diazepam is a common preoperative medication. Close
observation by placing the client close to the nurse's station is not
necessary. The medication has a sedative effect and the client should
not get out of bed, even with assistance. The remaining selections
are correct.
◉ A terminally ill client tells the nurse, "I am so tired and in so much
pain! Please help me to die." Which is the best response for the nurse
to provide?
A.
Administer the prescribed maximum dose of pain medication.
B.
Talk with the client about thoughts and feelings about death.
C.
, Collaborate with the health care provider about initiating
antidepressant therapy.
D.
Refer the client to the ethics committee of her local health care
facility.
Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should first assess the client's feelings about
death and determine the extent to which this statement expresses
the client's true feelings. The client may need additional pain
management, but further assessment is needed before
implementing option A. Options C and D are both premature
interventions and should not be implemented until further
assessment is obtained.
◉ A nurse stops at a motor vehicle collision site to render aid until
the emergency personnel arrive and applies pressure to a groin
wound that is bleeding profusely. Later the client has to have the leg
amputated and sues the nurse for malpractice. Which statement
reflects the likely outcome for the nurse?
A.
The Patient's Bill of Rights protects clients from malicious intents, so
the nurse could lose the case.
B.
The lawsuit may be settled out of court, but the nurse's license is
likely to be revoked.
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ The nurse assesses a 2-year-old who is admitted for dehydration
and finds that the peripheral IV rate by gravity has slowed, even
though the venous access site is healthy. What should the nurse do
next?
A.
Apply a warm compress proximal to the site.
B.
Check for kinks in the tubing and raise the IV pole.
C.
Adjust the tape that stabilizes the needle.
D.
Flush with normal saline and recount the drop rate.
Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should first check the tubing and height of the
bag on the IV pole, which are common factors that may slow the
rate. Gravity infusion rates are influenced by the height of the bag,
tubing clamp closure or kinks, needle size or position, fluid viscosity,
client blood pressure (crying in the pediatric client), and infiltration.
Venospasm can slow the rate and often responds to warmth over the
vessel, but the nurse should first adjust the IV pole height. The nurse
may need to adjust the stabilizing tape on a positional needle or
,flush the venous access with normal saline, but less invasive actions
should be implemented first.
◉ The nurse manager of a skilled nursing (chronic care) unit is
instructing UAPs on ways to prevent complications of immobility.
Which action should be included in this instruction?
A.
Perform range-of-motion exercises to prevent contractures.
B.
Decrease the client's fluid intake to prevent diarrhea.
C.
Massage the client's legs to reduce embolism occurrence.
D.
Turn the client from side to back every shift.
Answer: A
Rationale: Performing range-of-motion exercises is beneficial in
reducing contractures around joints. Options B, C, and D are all
potentially harmful practices that place the immobile client at risk of
complications.
◉ The nurse administered 10 mg of diazepam to the preoperative
client. What steps will the nurse take next? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Place the client in the bed next to the nurse's station.
,B.
Instruct the client not to get out of bed.
C.
Place the call bell within the client's reach.
D.
Place the side rails up, according to institutional policy.
E.
Assist the client to the bathroom
Answer: B, C, D
Rationale: Diazepam is a common preoperative medication. Close
observation by placing the client close to the nurse's station is not
necessary. The medication has a sedative effect and the client should
not get out of bed, even with assistance. The remaining selections
are correct.
◉ A terminally ill client tells the nurse, "I am so tired and in so much
pain! Please help me to die." Which is the best response for the nurse
to provide?
A.
Administer the prescribed maximum dose of pain medication.
B.
Talk with the client about thoughts and feelings about death.
C.
, Collaborate with the health care provider about initiating
antidepressant therapy.
D.
Refer the client to the ethics committee of her local health care
facility.
Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should first assess the client's feelings about
death and determine the extent to which this statement expresses
the client's true feelings. The client may need additional pain
management, but further assessment is needed before
implementing option A. Options C and D are both premature
interventions and should not be implemented until further
assessment is obtained.
◉ A nurse stops at a motor vehicle collision site to render aid until
the emergency personnel arrive and applies pressure to a groin
wound that is bleeding profusely. Later the client has to have the leg
amputated and sues the nurse for malpractice. Which statement
reflects the likely outcome for the nurse?
A.
The Patient's Bill of Rights protects clients from malicious intents, so
the nurse could lose the case.
B.
The lawsuit may be settled out of court, but the nurse's license is
likely to be revoked.
