HESI PEDIATRIC EXIT 12 EXAM REVIEW SOLVED
QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
◉ The clinic nurse is taking the hx for a new 6-month-old client. The
mother reports that she took a great deal of aspirin while pregnant.
Which assessment should the nurse obtain?
Answer: a. Type of reaction to loud noises
a.i. Ototoxicity diminishes hear acuity and causes symptoms of
tinnitus and vertigo in older children who can express subjective
symptoms, so assessing the infant's reation to loud noises (A) helps
to determine an infant's risk for hearing deficit r/t to a hx of the
mother taking ototoxic drug, such as aspirin, while pregnancy (B,C,D
are not assoc w/ the exposure to aspirin in utero
◉ The mother of a preschool aged child asks the nurse if it is all
right to administer Pepto Bismol to her son when he has a "tummy
ache" After reminding the mother to check the label of all OTC drugs
for the presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse
include when replying to this mother's question?
Answer: a. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any
other viral illness
a.i. Pepto Bismol contains aspirin and there is the potential of Reye's
syndrome (B). (a) is a common effect of peptobismol and does not
warrant discontinuation. Pepto Bismol can be used by children (C).
,Pepto Bismol does not cause rebound hyperacidity (D) complication
of antacids containing calcium
◉ A 3 moth old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic
agent should the nurse plan to administer for treatment of this
disorder?
Answer: a. Nystatin (Mycostatin)
a.i. Nystatin (mycostatin) (A) is an antifungal drug that is effective in
treating thrush, an oral fungal infection
◉ The nurse is developing a plan of care for a 3 yr old who is
scheduled for a cardiac catherization. To assist in decreasing anxiety
for the child on the day of the procedure, which intervention is best
for the nurse to implement?
Answer: a. C-give the child a ride on a gurney to visit the cardiac
catheterization lab and meet a nurse who works there
a.i. Familizaring the child and mother w/ the department will help
decrease anxiety of the child and mother (who may have more
anxiety than the child). Three is a difficult age to undergo a
procedure that requires cooperation. Restraints and possible
sedation may be required
◉ A 3 yr old boy is brought to the ER because he swallowed an
entire bottle of children's vitamin pills. Which intervention should
the nurse implement first?
,Answer: a. B-determine the child's pulse and respirations
a.i. The most important principle in dealing w/ a poisoning is to
treat the child first, not the poison. Initiate immediate life support
measures w/ assessment of VS (B), in particular, respirations.
Inserting an airway or initiating mechanical ventilation may be
necessary. Assessment and identification of the poison should occur
prior to A. (C & D after assessing the airway.)
◉ A 4- year- old girl continues to interrupt her mother during a
routine clinic visit. The mother appears irritated w/ the child and
asks the nurse, "Is this normal behavior for a child this age?" The
nurse's response should be based on which information?
Answer: a. A- children need to retian a sense of initiative w/o
impinging on the rights and privileges others
a.i. Children aged 3-6 are in Erickson's initiative vs. guilt stage, which
is characterized by vigorous, intrusive behavior, enterprise, and
strong imagination. At this age, children develop a conscience and
must learn to retain a sense of initiative w/o impinging on the rights
of others
◉ The nurse is planning the care of a 2 year old w/ severe eczema
on the face, next, and scalp fr. scratching the affected areas. Which
nursing intervention is most effective in preventing further
excoriation due to the purities?
Answer: a. C- place elbow restraints on the child's arms.
, a.i. Elbow restraints prevent arm flexion and scratching of involved
area, but do not inhibit use of the nads for play activities. Others can
be removed easily
◉ a 6- year old admitted to the pediatric unit after falling of a
bicycle. Which intervention should the nurse implement to assist the
child's adjustments to hospitalization?
Answer: a.Explain hospital schedules to the child, such as mealtimes.
Altered daily schedules and loss of rituals are upsetting to children
and increase separation anxiety, and active sensitivity to the needs
of children can minimize the negative effects of hospitalization.
Explaining the hospital schedules (A) and establishing an individual
schedule familiarizes the child to the hospital environment and
decreases anxiety.
◉ A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V)
for acne vulgaris. What is the most important instruction for the
nurse to include in this client's teaching plan?
Answer: a. A- Use sunscreen when lying by the pool
a.i. Photosensitivity is a common side effect of tetracycline HCL
(AchromycinV) therapy. Severe sunburn can occur w/ minimal sun
exposure and clients should be instructed to avoid sunlight and to
use sunscreen
QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
◉ The clinic nurse is taking the hx for a new 6-month-old client. The
mother reports that she took a great deal of aspirin while pregnant.
Which assessment should the nurse obtain?
Answer: a. Type of reaction to loud noises
a.i. Ototoxicity diminishes hear acuity and causes symptoms of
tinnitus and vertigo in older children who can express subjective
symptoms, so assessing the infant's reation to loud noises (A) helps
to determine an infant's risk for hearing deficit r/t to a hx of the
mother taking ototoxic drug, such as aspirin, while pregnancy (B,C,D
are not assoc w/ the exposure to aspirin in utero
◉ The mother of a preschool aged child asks the nurse if it is all
right to administer Pepto Bismol to her son when he has a "tummy
ache" After reminding the mother to check the label of all OTC drugs
for the presence of aspirin, which instruction should the nurse
include when replying to this mother's question?
Answer: a. Do not give if the child has chickenpox, the flu, or any
other viral illness
a.i. Pepto Bismol contains aspirin and there is the potential of Reye's
syndrome (B). (a) is a common effect of peptobismol and does not
warrant discontinuation. Pepto Bismol can be used by children (C).
,Pepto Bismol does not cause rebound hyperacidity (D) complication
of antacids containing calcium
◉ A 3 moth old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic
agent should the nurse plan to administer for treatment of this
disorder?
Answer: a. Nystatin (Mycostatin)
a.i. Nystatin (mycostatin) (A) is an antifungal drug that is effective in
treating thrush, an oral fungal infection
◉ The nurse is developing a plan of care for a 3 yr old who is
scheduled for a cardiac catherization. To assist in decreasing anxiety
for the child on the day of the procedure, which intervention is best
for the nurse to implement?
Answer: a. C-give the child a ride on a gurney to visit the cardiac
catheterization lab and meet a nurse who works there
a.i. Familizaring the child and mother w/ the department will help
decrease anxiety of the child and mother (who may have more
anxiety than the child). Three is a difficult age to undergo a
procedure that requires cooperation. Restraints and possible
sedation may be required
◉ A 3 yr old boy is brought to the ER because he swallowed an
entire bottle of children's vitamin pills. Which intervention should
the nurse implement first?
,Answer: a. B-determine the child's pulse and respirations
a.i. The most important principle in dealing w/ a poisoning is to
treat the child first, not the poison. Initiate immediate life support
measures w/ assessment of VS (B), in particular, respirations.
Inserting an airway or initiating mechanical ventilation may be
necessary. Assessment and identification of the poison should occur
prior to A. (C & D after assessing the airway.)
◉ A 4- year- old girl continues to interrupt her mother during a
routine clinic visit. The mother appears irritated w/ the child and
asks the nurse, "Is this normal behavior for a child this age?" The
nurse's response should be based on which information?
Answer: a. A- children need to retian a sense of initiative w/o
impinging on the rights and privileges others
a.i. Children aged 3-6 are in Erickson's initiative vs. guilt stage, which
is characterized by vigorous, intrusive behavior, enterprise, and
strong imagination. At this age, children develop a conscience and
must learn to retain a sense of initiative w/o impinging on the rights
of others
◉ The nurse is planning the care of a 2 year old w/ severe eczema
on the face, next, and scalp fr. scratching the affected areas. Which
nursing intervention is most effective in preventing further
excoriation due to the purities?
Answer: a. C- place elbow restraints on the child's arms.
, a.i. Elbow restraints prevent arm flexion and scratching of involved
area, but do not inhibit use of the nads for play activities. Others can
be removed easily
◉ a 6- year old admitted to the pediatric unit after falling of a
bicycle. Which intervention should the nurse implement to assist the
child's adjustments to hospitalization?
Answer: a.Explain hospital schedules to the child, such as mealtimes.
Altered daily schedules and loss of rituals are upsetting to children
and increase separation anxiety, and active sensitivity to the needs
of children can minimize the negative effects of hospitalization.
Explaining the hospital schedules (A) and establishing an individual
schedule familiarizes the child to the hospital environment and
decreases anxiety.
◉ A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V)
for acne vulgaris. What is the most important instruction for the
nurse to include in this client's teaching plan?
Answer: a. A- Use sunscreen when lying by the pool
a.i. Photosensitivity is a common side effect of tetracycline HCL
(AchromycinV) therapy. Severe sunburn can occur w/ minimal sun
exposure and clients should be instructed to avoid sunlight and to
use sunscreen
