HEALTH PROFESSIONS
AC-HPAT EXAM 2026/2027
A+
Complete Blueprint Coverage
A+ 5 100%
QUESTIONS VERIFIED EXAM DOMAINS COVERED RATIONALES INCLUDED
CATEGORIES
Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals
Medical Terminology
Basic Pathophysiology & Clinical Concepts
Infection Control, Safety & Vital Signs
Professionalism, Ethics & Communication
STUVIAACTUALEXAM
, ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS
Question 1
A student is reviewing the pathway of blood through the heart. After blood leaves the right ventricle, which structure
does it enter next?
A. The left atrium via the pulmonary veins.
B. The pulmonary trunk and then the pulmonary arteries.
C. The aorta through the aortic valve.
D. The superior vena cava returning from the body.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Deoxygenated blood exits the right ventricle through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary trunk, which divides into the pulmonary
arteries. It returns oxygenated via the pulmonary veins to the left atrium.
Question 2
During a laboratory demonstration the instructor asks which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.
Which plane correctly answers the question?
A. The sagittal plane that separates left and right.
B. The frontal (coronal) plane that separates front and back.
C. The transverse plane that separates superior and inferior.
D. The oblique plane that cuts at an angle through multiple axes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The frontal or coronal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections. Sagittal divides left/right; transverse divides
upper/lower.
Question 3
A client has a low blood calcium level. The parathyroid glands respond by increasing secretion of parathyroid hormone.
Which physiologic effect does this hormone primarily produce?
A. Decreased osteoclast activity and increased calcium deposition in bone.
B. Increased bone resorption, increased renal calcium reabsorption, and activation of vitamin D.
C. Increased insulin release to drive calcium into cells.
D. Suppression of all thyroid hormone production.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Parathyroid hormone raises serum calcium by stimulating osteoclasts, enhancing renal reabsorption of calcium, and promoting
activation of vitamin D, which increases intestinal absorption.
AC-HPAT EXAM 2026/2027 Page 2
, ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS
Question 4
In the respiratory system, gas exchange between air and blood occurs across which structure?
A. The trachea and primary bronchi only.
B. The alveolar-capillary membrane within the alveoli.
C. The pleural membranes surrounding each lung.
D. The diaphragm during contraction and relaxation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the thin alveolar-capillary membrane. The conducting airways and pleural membranes do
not perform gas exchange.
Question 5
A nurse explains that the functional unit of the kidney is the nephron. Which sequence correctly describes the flow of
filtrate through the nephron?
A. Collecting duct to loop of Henle to glomerulus to proximal tubule.
B. Glomerulus to proximal convoluted tubule to loop of Henle to distal convoluted tubule to collecting duct.
C. Distal tubule to glomerulus to proximal tubule to loop of Henle.
D. Loop of Henle to glomerulus to collecting duct to proximal tubule.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Filtrate forms in the glomerulus, then passes through the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, the distal convoluted tubule,
and finally the collecting duct.
Question 6
Which statement accurately describes the role of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?
A. It generates neurotransmitters at the synaptic terminal.
B. It insulates axons and increases the speed of action-potential conduction.
C. It stores calcium ions required for muscle contraction.
D. It forms the blood-brain barrier around capillaries.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Myelin produced by Schwann cells or oligodendrocytes insulates axons and enables saltatory conduction, markedly increasing
conduction velocity.
AC-HPAT EXAM 2026/2027 Page 3
AC-HPAT EXAM 2026/2027
A+
Complete Blueprint Coverage
A+ 5 100%
QUESTIONS VERIFIED EXAM DOMAINS COVERED RATIONALES INCLUDED
CATEGORIES
Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals
Medical Terminology
Basic Pathophysiology & Clinical Concepts
Infection Control, Safety & Vital Signs
Professionalism, Ethics & Communication
STUVIAACTUALEXAM
, ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS
Question 1
A student is reviewing the pathway of blood through the heart. After blood leaves the right ventricle, which structure
does it enter next?
A. The left atrium via the pulmonary veins.
B. The pulmonary trunk and then the pulmonary arteries.
C. The aorta through the aortic valve.
D. The superior vena cava returning from the body.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Deoxygenated blood exits the right ventricle through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary trunk, which divides into the pulmonary
arteries. It returns oxygenated via the pulmonary veins to the left atrium.
Question 2
During a laboratory demonstration the instructor asks which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.
Which plane correctly answers the question?
A. The sagittal plane that separates left and right.
B. The frontal (coronal) plane that separates front and back.
C. The transverse plane that separates superior and inferior.
D. The oblique plane that cuts at an angle through multiple axes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The frontal or coronal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections. Sagittal divides left/right; transverse divides
upper/lower.
Question 3
A client has a low blood calcium level. The parathyroid glands respond by increasing secretion of parathyroid hormone.
Which physiologic effect does this hormone primarily produce?
A. Decreased osteoclast activity and increased calcium deposition in bone.
B. Increased bone resorption, increased renal calcium reabsorption, and activation of vitamin D.
C. Increased insulin release to drive calcium into cells.
D. Suppression of all thyroid hormone production.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Parathyroid hormone raises serum calcium by stimulating osteoclasts, enhancing renal reabsorption of calcium, and promoting
activation of vitamin D, which increases intestinal absorption.
AC-HPAT EXAM 2026/2027 Page 2
, ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS
Question 4
In the respiratory system, gas exchange between air and blood occurs across which structure?
A. The trachea and primary bronchi only.
B. The alveolar-capillary membrane within the alveoli.
C. The pleural membranes surrounding each lung.
D. The diaphragm during contraction and relaxation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the thin alveolar-capillary membrane. The conducting airways and pleural membranes do
not perform gas exchange.
Question 5
A nurse explains that the functional unit of the kidney is the nephron. Which sequence correctly describes the flow of
filtrate through the nephron?
A. Collecting duct to loop of Henle to glomerulus to proximal tubule.
B. Glomerulus to proximal convoluted tubule to loop of Henle to distal convoluted tubule to collecting duct.
C. Distal tubule to glomerulus to proximal tubule to loop of Henle.
D. Loop of Henle to glomerulus to collecting duct to proximal tubule.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Filtrate forms in the glomerulus, then passes through the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, the distal convoluted tubule,
and finally the collecting duct.
Question 6
Which statement accurately describes the role of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?
A. It generates neurotransmitters at the synaptic terminal.
B. It insulates axons and increases the speed of action-potential conduction.
C. It stores calcium ions required for muscle contraction.
D. It forms the blood-brain barrier around capillaries.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Myelin produced by Schwann cells or oligodendrocytes insulates axons and enables saltatory conduction, markedly increasing
conduction velocity.
AC-HPAT EXAM 2026/2027 Page 3
