NURSING4060 MED SURG 2026 FINAL
PAPER QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
PREMIUM REVISION COMPILATION
◉ What is informed consent?
Answer: The process where the patient knows all necessary
information before consenting to a procedure.
◉ What are do-not-resuscitate directives?
Answer: Patient instructions not to accept life-saving treatment or
resuscitation.
◉ What are advanced directives?
Answer: Documents that direct care and identify a surrogate
decision maker when a patient lacks capacity.
◉ Define living wills.
Answer: Legal documents that direct medical care if someone loses
capacity.
◉ What is the significance of withdrawal of fluids and nutrition?
, Answer: It involves the understanding that the patient may die,
usually referred to the ethics committee.
◉ What is moral courage in nursing?
Answer: Doing the right thing, even if it is unpopular or may have
personal consequences.
◉ What are the three stages of old age?
Answer: 65 to 75: Young old, 75 to 85: Old, >85: Old old or oldest
old.
◉ What does senescence refer to?
Answer: Normal age-related changes in organ systems.
◉ What is sclerosis?
Answer: Hardening of tissue due to fibrous tissue overgrowth.
◉ Define stenosis.
Answer: Narrowing or constricting of a passage or orifice.
◉ What is atrophy?
Answer: Wasting away or a decrease in the size of an organ.
PAPER QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
PREMIUM REVISION COMPILATION
◉ What is informed consent?
Answer: The process where the patient knows all necessary
information before consenting to a procedure.
◉ What are do-not-resuscitate directives?
Answer: Patient instructions not to accept life-saving treatment or
resuscitation.
◉ What are advanced directives?
Answer: Documents that direct care and identify a surrogate
decision maker when a patient lacks capacity.
◉ Define living wills.
Answer: Legal documents that direct medical care if someone loses
capacity.
◉ What is the significance of withdrawal of fluids and nutrition?
, Answer: It involves the understanding that the patient may die,
usually referred to the ethics committee.
◉ What is moral courage in nursing?
Answer: Doing the right thing, even if it is unpopular or may have
personal consequences.
◉ What are the three stages of old age?
Answer: 65 to 75: Young old, 75 to 85: Old, >85: Old old or oldest
old.
◉ What does senescence refer to?
Answer: Normal age-related changes in organ systems.
◉ What is sclerosis?
Answer: Hardening of tissue due to fibrous tissue overgrowth.
◉ Define stenosis.
Answer: Narrowing or constricting of a passage or orifice.
◉ What is atrophy?
Answer: Wasting away or a decrease in the size of an organ.
