Psych 2030 Midterm 1 Exam With
Complete Answers
behaviour therapy - ANSWER array of therapy methods based on the principles of
behavioural and cognitive science as well as principles of learning as applied to clinical
problems. It considers specific behaviours rather than inferred conflict as legitimate
targets of change.
behaviour model - ANSWER explanation of human behaviour, including dysfunction,
based on principles of learning and adaptation derived from experimental psychology
behaviourism - ANSWER explanation of human behaviour, including dysfunction, based
on principles of learning and adaptation derived from experimental psychology
catharsis - ANSWER rapid or sudden release of emotional tension thought to be an
important factor in psychoanalytic therapy
classical conditioning - ANSWER fundamental learning process first described by Iva
Pavlov. An event that automatically elicits a response is paired with another stimulus
event that does not (a neutral stimulus). after repeated pairings, the neutral stimulus
becomes a conditioned stimulus that by itself can elicit the desired response.
clinical description - ANSWER details of the combination of behaviours, thoughts, and
feelings of an individual that make up a particular disorder
course - ANSWER pattern of development and change of a disorder over time.
defence mechanisms - ANSWER common patterns of behaviour, often adaptive coping
styles when they occur in moderation, observed in response to particular situations. In
psychoanalysis, these are thought to be unconscious processes originating in the ego.
dream analysis - ANSWER psychoanalytic therapy method in which dream contents are
examined as symbolic of id impulses and intrapsychic conflicts
ego - ANSWER in psychoanalysis, the psychical entity responsible for finding realistic
and practical ways of satisfying id drives
, ego psychology - ANSWER derived from psychoanalysis, this theory emphasizes the
role of the ego in development and attributes psychological disorders to failure of the
ego to manage impulses and internal conflicts
etiology - ANSWER cause or source of a disorder
extinction - ANSWER learning process in which a response maintained by
reinforcement in operant conditioning or pairing in classical conditioning decreases
when that reinforcement or pairing is removed; also the procedure of removing that
reinforcement or pairing
free association - ANSWER psychoanalytic therapy technique intended to explore
threatening material repressed into the unconscious. the patient is instructed to say
whatever comes to mind without censoring
id - ANSWER in psychoanalysis, the unconscious psychical entity present at birth
representing basic drives
incidence - ANSWER number of new cases of a disorder appearing during a specific
time period
intrapsychic conflicts - ANSWER in psychoanalysis, the struggles among the id, ego,
and superego
introspection - ANSWER early, nonscientific approach to the study of psychology
involving systematic attempts to report thoughts and feelings that specific stimuli evoked
lifetime prevalence - ANSWER number of people in the population who have ever had
the disorder
mental hygiene movement - ANSWER Mid-20th-century effort to improve care of the
mentally disordered by informing the public of their mistreatment.
moral therapy - ANSWER 19th-century psychosocial approach to treatment that
involved treating patients as normally as possible in normal environments
neurosis - ANSWER obsolete psychodynamic term for a psychological disorder thought
to result from unconscious conflicts and the anxiety they cause
person-centred therapy - ANSWER therapy method in which the client, rather than the
counsellor, primarily directs the course of discussion, seeking self-discovery and self-
responsibility
phobia - ANSWER any psychological disorder characterized by marked and persistent
fear of an object or situation
Complete Answers
behaviour therapy - ANSWER array of therapy methods based on the principles of
behavioural and cognitive science as well as principles of learning as applied to clinical
problems. It considers specific behaviours rather than inferred conflict as legitimate
targets of change.
behaviour model - ANSWER explanation of human behaviour, including dysfunction,
based on principles of learning and adaptation derived from experimental psychology
behaviourism - ANSWER explanation of human behaviour, including dysfunction, based
on principles of learning and adaptation derived from experimental psychology
catharsis - ANSWER rapid or sudden release of emotional tension thought to be an
important factor in psychoanalytic therapy
classical conditioning - ANSWER fundamental learning process first described by Iva
Pavlov. An event that automatically elicits a response is paired with another stimulus
event that does not (a neutral stimulus). after repeated pairings, the neutral stimulus
becomes a conditioned stimulus that by itself can elicit the desired response.
clinical description - ANSWER details of the combination of behaviours, thoughts, and
feelings of an individual that make up a particular disorder
course - ANSWER pattern of development and change of a disorder over time.
defence mechanisms - ANSWER common patterns of behaviour, often adaptive coping
styles when they occur in moderation, observed in response to particular situations. In
psychoanalysis, these are thought to be unconscious processes originating in the ego.
dream analysis - ANSWER psychoanalytic therapy method in which dream contents are
examined as symbolic of id impulses and intrapsychic conflicts
ego - ANSWER in psychoanalysis, the psychical entity responsible for finding realistic
and practical ways of satisfying id drives
, ego psychology - ANSWER derived from psychoanalysis, this theory emphasizes the
role of the ego in development and attributes psychological disorders to failure of the
ego to manage impulses and internal conflicts
etiology - ANSWER cause or source of a disorder
extinction - ANSWER learning process in which a response maintained by
reinforcement in operant conditioning or pairing in classical conditioning decreases
when that reinforcement or pairing is removed; also the procedure of removing that
reinforcement or pairing
free association - ANSWER psychoanalytic therapy technique intended to explore
threatening material repressed into the unconscious. the patient is instructed to say
whatever comes to mind without censoring
id - ANSWER in psychoanalysis, the unconscious psychical entity present at birth
representing basic drives
incidence - ANSWER number of new cases of a disorder appearing during a specific
time period
intrapsychic conflicts - ANSWER in psychoanalysis, the struggles among the id, ego,
and superego
introspection - ANSWER early, nonscientific approach to the study of psychology
involving systematic attempts to report thoughts and feelings that specific stimuli evoked
lifetime prevalence - ANSWER number of people in the population who have ever had
the disorder
mental hygiene movement - ANSWER Mid-20th-century effort to improve care of the
mentally disordered by informing the public of their mistreatment.
moral therapy - ANSWER 19th-century psychosocial approach to treatment that
involved treating patients as normally as possible in normal environments
neurosis - ANSWER obsolete psychodynamic term for a psychological disorder thought
to result from unconscious conflicts and the anxiety they cause
person-centred therapy - ANSWER therapy method in which the client, rather than the
counsellor, primarily directs the course of discussion, seeking self-discovery and self-
responsibility
phobia - ANSWER any psychological disorder characterized by marked and persistent
fear of an object or situation
