HESI A2 VERSION 2 BIOLOGY EXAM II 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A PLUS CELL BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE
◉ What is a tissue?
Answer: A group of cells that act together to perform a specific
function.
◉ What are the fundamental tissues?
Answer: Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
◉ What is the function of epithelial cells?
Answer: Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal organs.
◉ What is the function of connective tissue?
Answer: Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to
organs.
,◉ What is neuroglia?
Answer: The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve
tissue.
◉ What ability does muscle tissue have?
Answer: Ability to contract and shorten.
◉ What is muscle tissue classified as?
Answer: Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth &
cardiac)
◉ What is meiosis?
Answer: The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the
ovaries and testes.
◉ What two layers compose the skin?
Answer: Epidermis and dermis.
◉ What is the epidermis?
Answer: The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized
epithelial cells.
◉ What is the dermis?
,Answer: The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood
vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
◉ What are the layers of the epidermis?
Answer: Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
◉ What does the protein pigment melanin protect against?
Answer: Radiation from the Sun
◉ What is the dermis composed of?
Answer: Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood
vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
◉ What are the 2 types of sweat glands?
Answer: ecrine & apocrine
◉ What do ecrine sweat glands produce?
Answer: Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
, ◉ What do apocrine sweat glands produce?
Answer: Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting
bacteria that produces body odor.
◉ What do sebaceous glands secrete?
Answer: They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which
lubricates the skin and prevents drying.
◉ What secretion produces oil?
Answer: Holocrine secretion.
◉ What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence?
Answer: Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
◉ What protein composes the hair and skin?
Answer: Keratin
◉ What makes the body's framework?
Answer: Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
◉ What are the functions of the skeletal system?
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A PLUS CELL BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE
◉ What is a tissue?
Answer: A group of cells that act together to perform a specific
function.
◉ What are the fundamental tissues?
Answer: Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
◉ What is the function of epithelial cells?
Answer: Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal organs.
◉ What is the function of connective tissue?
Answer: Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to
organs.
,◉ What is neuroglia?
Answer: The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve
tissue.
◉ What ability does muscle tissue have?
Answer: Ability to contract and shorten.
◉ What is muscle tissue classified as?
Answer: Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth &
cardiac)
◉ What is meiosis?
Answer: The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the
ovaries and testes.
◉ What two layers compose the skin?
Answer: Epidermis and dermis.
◉ What is the epidermis?
Answer: The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized
epithelial cells.
◉ What is the dermis?
,Answer: The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood
vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
◉ What are the layers of the epidermis?
Answer: Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
◉ What does the protein pigment melanin protect against?
Answer: Radiation from the Sun
◉ What is the dermis composed of?
Answer: Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood
vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
◉ What are the 2 types of sweat glands?
Answer: ecrine & apocrine
◉ What do ecrine sweat glands produce?
Answer: Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
, ◉ What do apocrine sweat glands produce?
Answer: Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting
bacteria that produces body odor.
◉ What do sebaceous glands secrete?
Answer: They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which
lubricates the skin and prevents drying.
◉ What secretion produces oil?
Answer: Holocrine secretion.
◉ What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence?
Answer: Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
◉ What protein composes the hair and skin?
Answer: Keratin
◉ What makes the body's framework?
Answer: Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
◉ What are the functions of the skeletal system?
