NURS 5432 MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
CORRECT!!!
Question: Abnormal growth and development: skin
Answer: ✔✔ Jaundice within the first 24 hours (pathologic, possible hemolysis or
infection); petechiae, purpura (suggests clotting disorders or sepsis); birthmarks:
Café-au-lait spots (>6 or >0.5 cm in size may indicate neurofibromatosis), port-
wine stain (may indicate Sturge-Weber syndrome).
Question: Abnormal growth and development: Head
Answer: ✔✔ Bulging fontanel (increased intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus).
Sunken fontanel (dehydration).
Craniosynostosis (premature suture closure, abnormal head shape).
Large anterior fontanel (hypothyroidism, Down syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Eyes -ANSWER ✔✔Absent red reflex
(retinoblastoma, congential cataracts).
Hypertelorism (widely spaced eyes may indicate genetic syndromes like Down or
Noonan syndrome).
Purulent eye drainage is not normal usually indicative of infection
gonorrhea,chlamydia, or herpes
,Persistent strabismus after 6 months.
Abnormal growth and development: Ears -ANSWER ✔✔Low-set ears (associated
with renal or genetic abnormality like Turner's or trisomy 21).
Ear pits or tags (linked to renal anomalies).
Abnormal growth and development: Mouth -ANSWER ✔✔Cleft palate/lip
(requires surgical evaluation).
Absent suck reflex (neurological impairment or prematurity).
Macroglossia (associated with hypothyroidism, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Neck -ANSWER ✔✔Webbing excessive
amounts of skin Turner's or Noonan's syndrome
Abnormal growth and development: Neurological -ANSWER ✔✔Tone
abnormalities:
Hypotonia ("floppy baby syndrome" may indicate CNS abnormalities or genetic
conditions).
Hypertonia (cerebral palsy, neonatal abstinence syndrome).
Reflexes:
Absent Moro reflex (brachial plexus injury, neurologic abnormality).
Persistent primitive reflexes beyond expected age (suggests developmental delay).
, Seizures: Subtle movements like lip smacking, pedaling, or eye deviation may
indicate seizures.
Abnormal growth and development: Cardiovascular -ANSWER ✔✔Murmurs:
Cyanosis with murmur (congenital heart defects like Tetralogy of Fallot).
Weak/absent femoral pulses (coarctation of the aorta).
Abnormal growth and development: Gastrointestinal -ANSWER ✔✔Absent or
delayed meconium (>48 hours): Failure to pass meconium in 24-48 hours is
abnormal **Think Hirschsprung disease or cystic fibrosis.**
Omphalocele or gastroschisis: Abdominal wall defects requiring surgical
intervention.
Projectile vomiting: Pyloric stenosis (non-bilious), intestinal obstruction (bilious).
Abnormal growth and development: Geintourinary -ANSWER ✔✔Ambiguous
genitalia: Requires genetic and endocrinology evaluation.
Cryptorchidism: Undescended testicles beyond 6 months.
Hydrocele: Persistent beyond 1 year or associated with inguinal hernia.
Abnormal growth and development: Musculoskeletal -ANSWER
✔✔Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH): Positive Ortolani/Barlow tests or
asymmetric gluteal folds.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
CORRECT!!!
Question: Abnormal growth and development: skin
Answer: ✔✔ Jaundice within the first 24 hours (pathologic, possible hemolysis or
infection); petechiae, purpura (suggests clotting disorders or sepsis); birthmarks:
Café-au-lait spots (>6 or >0.5 cm in size may indicate neurofibromatosis), port-
wine stain (may indicate Sturge-Weber syndrome).
Question: Abnormal growth and development: Head
Answer: ✔✔ Bulging fontanel (increased intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus).
Sunken fontanel (dehydration).
Craniosynostosis (premature suture closure, abnormal head shape).
Large anterior fontanel (hypothyroidism, Down syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Eyes -ANSWER ✔✔Absent red reflex
(retinoblastoma, congential cataracts).
Hypertelorism (widely spaced eyes may indicate genetic syndromes like Down or
Noonan syndrome).
Purulent eye drainage is not normal usually indicative of infection
gonorrhea,chlamydia, or herpes
,Persistent strabismus after 6 months.
Abnormal growth and development: Ears -ANSWER ✔✔Low-set ears (associated
with renal or genetic abnormality like Turner's or trisomy 21).
Ear pits or tags (linked to renal anomalies).
Abnormal growth and development: Mouth -ANSWER ✔✔Cleft palate/lip
(requires surgical evaluation).
Absent suck reflex (neurological impairment or prematurity).
Macroglossia (associated with hypothyroidism, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome).
Abnormal growth and development: Neck -ANSWER ✔✔Webbing excessive
amounts of skin Turner's or Noonan's syndrome
Abnormal growth and development: Neurological -ANSWER ✔✔Tone
abnormalities:
Hypotonia ("floppy baby syndrome" may indicate CNS abnormalities or genetic
conditions).
Hypertonia (cerebral palsy, neonatal abstinence syndrome).
Reflexes:
Absent Moro reflex (brachial plexus injury, neurologic abnormality).
Persistent primitive reflexes beyond expected age (suggests developmental delay).
, Seizures: Subtle movements like lip smacking, pedaling, or eye deviation may
indicate seizures.
Abnormal growth and development: Cardiovascular -ANSWER ✔✔Murmurs:
Cyanosis with murmur (congenital heart defects like Tetralogy of Fallot).
Weak/absent femoral pulses (coarctation of the aorta).
Abnormal growth and development: Gastrointestinal -ANSWER ✔✔Absent or
delayed meconium (>48 hours): Failure to pass meconium in 24-48 hours is
abnormal **Think Hirschsprung disease or cystic fibrosis.**
Omphalocele or gastroschisis: Abdominal wall defects requiring surgical
intervention.
Projectile vomiting: Pyloric stenosis (non-bilious), intestinal obstruction (bilious).
Abnormal growth and development: Geintourinary -ANSWER ✔✔Ambiguous
genitalia: Requires genetic and endocrinology evaluation.
Cryptorchidism: Undescended testicles beyond 6 months.
Hydrocele: Persistent beyond 1 year or associated with inguinal hernia.
Abnormal growth and development: Musculoskeletal -ANSWER
✔✔Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH): Positive Ortolani/Barlow tests or
asymmetric gluteal folds.
