LA County Paramedic Drugs with correct
answers 100%
Adenosine class - Correct Answers Antidysrthythmic
Adenosine Indications - Correct Answers Cardiac Dysrhythmia:
SVT - Narrow Complex: HR ≥ 150 for adults; ≥180 for a child; and ≥220 for infants
Perfusing unresponsive to Valsalva
Alert patients with poor perfusion
Regular/Monomorphic Wide Complex Tachycardia
Adequate perfusion
Alert patients with poor perfusion
Adenosine Adult drug dose - Correct Answers Adult Dose
6 or 12mg rapid IVP (per protocol), within 1-3 seconds, followed by a rapid flush of 10mL of NS
If no conversion after 1-2 minutes, may repeat 12mg rapid IVP followed by rapid flush of 10mL
of NS.
Adenosine Peds dose - Correct Answers Pediatric Dose
0.1mg/kg (3mg/mL) rapid IVP, dose per MCG 1309, maximum first dose 6mg, followed by a
rapid flush of
10mL NS
If no conversion after 1-2 minutes, may repeat one time 0.2mg/kg (3mg/mL) followed by a rapid
flush of
10mL NS, dose per MCG 1309, maximum second dose 12mg
Adenosine MOA - Correct Answers Mechanism of Action
,Slows conduction through the AV node and interrupts AV reentry pathways as well as
conduction through
the sinoatrial (SA) node
Adenosine Pharmocokinetics - Correct Answers Pharmacokinetics
Onset immediate, Duration < 10 secs
Adenosine Contraindications - Correct Answers Sinus tachycardia
2nd and 3rd degree heart block without pacemaker
Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) Syndrome and atrial fibrillation (wide-complex, irregular rhythm)
Sinus Node Disease (Sick Sinus Syndrome)
Heart transplant
Use of carbamazepine (Tegretol) for seizure disorder
Adenosine interactions - Correct Answers Interactions
Potentiated by blocker of nucleoside transport [e.g., carbamazepine (Tegretol)]
Antagonized by methylxanthines such as caffeine and theophylline
Adenosine Adverse Effects - Correct Answers Adverse Effects
Blurred vision
Bradycardia / Asystole
Chest pain / Chest pressure
Dyspnea
Head pressure
Hypotension
Lightheadedness / Dizziness
,Metallic taste / Throat tightness
Numbness / Tingling palpations
Albuterol Sulfate Class - Correct Answers Classification
Sympathomimetic, B2 Receptor Agonist, Bronchodilator
Albuterol Indications - Correct Answers LA County Prehospital Indications
Cardiac Dysrhythmia: suspected hyperkalemia causing bradycardia
Respiratory Distress: bronchospasm caused by acute asthma, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, COPD,
drug
overdose, near drowning, pulmonary edema, and/or toxic gas inhalation
Pulmonary Edema/CHF: persistent wheezing despite CPAP
Traumatic Injury: suspected hyperkalemia in the setting of crush injury or potential for
development of crush
syndrome (administer prior to release of crushed tissue)
Albuterol Adult Dose - Correct Answers Adult Dose
Cardiac Dysrhythmia/Crush - Evidence of or suspected hyperkalemia
5mg (6mL) via neb, repeat continuously until hospital arrival
Crush - at risk for Crush Syndrome
5 minutes prior to extrication: 5mg (6mL) via mask nebulization x2 for a total dose of 10mg
Respiratory Distress, Pulmonary Edema/CHF with wheezing, Allergic Reaction with wheezing,
Inhalation
Injury with wheezing
5mg (6mL) via neb or 4 puffs via Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI)
May repeat x2 prn for wheezing
, Albuterol Peds Dose - Correct Answers Pediatric Dose
Crush - Evidence of or suspected hyperkalemia
5mg (6mL) via neb, repeat continuously until hospital arrival
Crush - at risk for Crush Syndrome
5 minutes prior to extrication: 5mg (6mL) via neb, repeat immediately x1
Respiratory Distress, Allergic Reaction with wheezing, Inhalation Injury with wheezing
< 4 years of age 2.5mg (3mL) via neb or 2 puffs via MDI
≥ 4 years of age 5mg (6mL) via neb or 4 puffs via MDI
Repeat x2 prn, maximum 3 total doses prior to Base contact
Albuterol MOA - Correct Answers Mechanism of Action
Selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist that causes relaxation of smooth muscles in the bronchial
tree,
decreasing airway resistance, facilitating mucous drainage and increasing vital capacity
Shifts potassium intracellular. Has mild beta-1 activity with mild effect on heart rate
Albuterol Pharmacokinetics - Correct Answers Pharmacokinetics
Onset 5-15 min inhaled, Duration 3-6 hours for bronchial smooth muscle relaxation, Duration 3-
4 hours for
hyperkalemia shifting potassium intracellular
Albuterol Contraindications - Correct Answers Contraindications
Do not use for patients with a known hypersensitivity/allergy to the drug
Albuterol Interactions - Correct Answers Interactions
Administer with extreme caution to patients being treated with MAO inhibitors or tricyclic
antidepressants
answers 100%
Adenosine class - Correct Answers Antidysrthythmic
Adenosine Indications - Correct Answers Cardiac Dysrhythmia:
SVT - Narrow Complex: HR ≥ 150 for adults; ≥180 for a child; and ≥220 for infants
Perfusing unresponsive to Valsalva
Alert patients with poor perfusion
Regular/Monomorphic Wide Complex Tachycardia
Adequate perfusion
Alert patients with poor perfusion
Adenosine Adult drug dose - Correct Answers Adult Dose
6 or 12mg rapid IVP (per protocol), within 1-3 seconds, followed by a rapid flush of 10mL of NS
If no conversion after 1-2 minutes, may repeat 12mg rapid IVP followed by rapid flush of 10mL
of NS.
Adenosine Peds dose - Correct Answers Pediatric Dose
0.1mg/kg (3mg/mL) rapid IVP, dose per MCG 1309, maximum first dose 6mg, followed by a
rapid flush of
10mL NS
If no conversion after 1-2 minutes, may repeat one time 0.2mg/kg (3mg/mL) followed by a rapid
flush of
10mL NS, dose per MCG 1309, maximum second dose 12mg
Adenosine MOA - Correct Answers Mechanism of Action
,Slows conduction through the AV node and interrupts AV reentry pathways as well as
conduction through
the sinoatrial (SA) node
Adenosine Pharmocokinetics - Correct Answers Pharmacokinetics
Onset immediate, Duration < 10 secs
Adenosine Contraindications - Correct Answers Sinus tachycardia
2nd and 3rd degree heart block without pacemaker
Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) Syndrome and atrial fibrillation (wide-complex, irregular rhythm)
Sinus Node Disease (Sick Sinus Syndrome)
Heart transplant
Use of carbamazepine (Tegretol) for seizure disorder
Adenosine interactions - Correct Answers Interactions
Potentiated by blocker of nucleoside transport [e.g., carbamazepine (Tegretol)]
Antagonized by methylxanthines such as caffeine and theophylline
Adenosine Adverse Effects - Correct Answers Adverse Effects
Blurred vision
Bradycardia / Asystole
Chest pain / Chest pressure
Dyspnea
Head pressure
Hypotension
Lightheadedness / Dizziness
,Metallic taste / Throat tightness
Numbness / Tingling palpations
Albuterol Sulfate Class - Correct Answers Classification
Sympathomimetic, B2 Receptor Agonist, Bronchodilator
Albuterol Indications - Correct Answers LA County Prehospital Indications
Cardiac Dysrhythmia: suspected hyperkalemia causing bradycardia
Respiratory Distress: bronchospasm caused by acute asthma, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, COPD,
drug
overdose, near drowning, pulmonary edema, and/or toxic gas inhalation
Pulmonary Edema/CHF: persistent wheezing despite CPAP
Traumatic Injury: suspected hyperkalemia in the setting of crush injury or potential for
development of crush
syndrome (administer prior to release of crushed tissue)
Albuterol Adult Dose - Correct Answers Adult Dose
Cardiac Dysrhythmia/Crush - Evidence of or suspected hyperkalemia
5mg (6mL) via neb, repeat continuously until hospital arrival
Crush - at risk for Crush Syndrome
5 minutes prior to extrication: 5mg (6mL) via mask nebulization x2 for a total dose of 10mg
Respiratory Distress, Pulmonary Edema/CHF with wheezing, Allergic Reaction with wheezing,
Inhalation
Injury with wheezing
5mg (6mL) via neb or 4 puffs via Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI)
May repeat x2 prn for wheezing
, Albuterol Peds Dose - Correct Answers Pediatric Dose
Crush - Evidence of or suspected hyperkalemia
5mg (6mL) via neb, repeat continuously until hospital arrival
Crush - at risk for Crush Syndrome
5 minutes prior to extrication: 5mg (6mL) via neb, repeat immediately x1
Respiratory Distress, Allergic Reaction with wheezing, Inhalation Injury with wheezing
< 4 years of age 2.5mg (3mL) via neb or 2 puffs via MDI
≥ 4 years of age 5mg (6mL) via neb or 4 puffs via MDI
Repeat x2 prn, maximum 3 total doses prior to Base contact
Albuterol MOA - Correct Answers Mechanism of Action
Selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist that causes relaxation of smooth muscles in the bronchial
tree,
decreasing airway resistance, facilitating mucous drainage and increasing vital capacity
Shifts potassium intracellular. Has mild beta-1 activity with mild effect on heart rate
Albuterol Pharmacokinetics - Correct Answers Pharmacokinetics
Onset 5-15 min inhaled, Duration 3-6 hours for bronchial smooth muscle relaxation, Duration 3-
4 hours for
hyperkalemia shifting potassium intracellular
Albuterol Contraindications - Correct Answers Contraindications
Do not use for patients with a known hypersensitivity/allergy to the drug
Albuterol Interactions - Correct Answers Interactions
Administer with extreme caution to patients being treated with MAO inhibitors or tricyclic
antidepressants
