NURS 620 Exam 2 Study Guide: Cardiac, Vascular, Respiratory Concepts Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) University:

NURS 620: Adult/Gero 1
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Exam 2 Study Guide
vi vi vi Cardiac • Vascular • Respiratory
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**Information for thi vi vi



CARDIAC s study guide is take
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n from the weekly C
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HYPERTENSION
anvas modules/lectu vi
Most common office visit
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res (Spr. 2021), Dunp
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Most common prescriptions
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hy textbook , Gremm
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inger review and pict vi vi vi



»Risk Factors
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ures from multiple in vi vi vi



• Age (>65) vi Alcohol excess vi
ternet searches to e vi vi vi



• Gender (male) vi Sedentary Lifestyle vi
ncourage visual lear vi vi



• Race (Af. Am.) vi vi Smoking ning and rememberi vi vi



• Obesity Stress ng.
• Family History vi Diet Please use as you wis vi vi vi vi


h and make correcti
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ons if and vi vi

Lifestyle Modifications vi
where they may be vi vi vi



↓Weight (BMI 18.5-24.9) vi vi

DASH diet vi

Diagnostics Treatment Secondary HTN Resistant HTN Differential Dx. vi
↓Sodium <2.4g/day vi
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neepeAd pedn.eaGood
H/P Lifestyle Mods. vi Cushings Uncontrolled HTN Sleluck! ~~Sarah C.
↑physical activity >30min/day vi vi
vi
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● Chest pain, edema,
vi Thiazide Diuretics vi vi Coarctation of Aorta vi vi despite 3-drug max vi vi Drug related vi
ETOH moderation <2/day vi vi
headache, vision CCBs vi Pheochromocytoma regimen CKD
changes Stop Smoking!!! vi
Hyperaldosteronism Refer to cardiologist Thyroid/Parathyroid
ACEIs
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Labs ARBs Renovascular HTN vi v Look atW 2nd causes
vi vi vi **see 2nd causes vi vi


● CBC, CMP, UA, TSH,
vi vi vi Sleep Apnea
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Lipids
ECG
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When to start medication therapy according to JNC8
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Age & Co-Morbs.
vi vi <60 All ages, +DM, All ages, CKD, +/-DM >60 vi vi vi vi vi


No CKD vi


>140/>90 >150/>90 >140/>90 >140/>90
Drug of Choice ● Non-black
vi vi ● Non-black ● Non-black ● All Races vi


ACEI, ARB, CCB, TTD ACEI, ARB, CCB, TTD ACEI, ARB, CCB, TTD ACEI or ARB alone orvi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi


alone or in combo alone or in combo alone or in combo in combo with other vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi


● Black ● Black ● Black drug class vi


TTD or CCB alone or TTD or CCB alone or TTD or CCB alone or vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi vi


in combo in combo in combo vi vi vi


ACEIs ARBs CCBs TTDs
Lisinopril Losartan Amlodipine HCTZ
Enalapril Olmesartan Felodipine chlorthalidone
Valsartan Diltiazem
Verapamil
Follow up 1-2 weeks after initiation of HTN medications. Once BP goals is reached, f/u every 3-6 months.
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, DYSLIPIDEMIA
Screening should be based on overall CV risk Diabetic
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s should be screened regardless
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High Risk vi Lower Risk vi


>1 risk factor
vi vi General population based on age/gender vi vi vi vi


Single severe risk factor vi Men @35 vi vi vi


Start men @25, women @35 vi Women @45 vi vi vi vi


Repeat screen every 3 years Repeat screen every 5 years
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Metabolic Syndrome vi
Desired Serum Lipid Levels vi vi vi

• Abdominal obesity vi
Total Cholesterol <200 mg/dL
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• High triglycerides vi
Triglycerides <150 mg/dL vi

• Low HDL vi
HDL W: >45
• HTN
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M: >40 vi

• Elevated fasting glucose vi vi
LDL <100
Concentrate efforts to reduce Cardiovascular events:
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1. Patients with ASCVD vi vi


2. LDL >190 vi


3. DM, age 40-75 w/LDL 70-189 without evidence of ASCVD
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4. LDL 70-189 with 10 year risk of ASCVD >7.5%
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STATINS Non-statins Why Statins? vi Lab checks vi


Rosuvastatin Bile acid sequestrants
vi vi v CAD (MI, angina, PCI/CABG P
vi vi vi vi 6 wks after tx. –
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Atorvastatin
vi Ezetimibe
i AD LDL Full panel 4-
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Simvastatin
vi vi Niacin Gem vi AAA 12 wks vi


Pravastatin L vi fibrozil Fen vi Carotid Artery Disease
vi vi v Every 3- vi


ovastatin Flu vi ofibrate Fis vi CVA & TIA
i vi v i 12 mo. To assess medication
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vastatin h Oils
vi CKD adherance
Multiple Risk Factors vi vi




ASCVD Risk Calculator vi vi


Gender Age
Ehtnicity SBP
TC/HDL HTN Rx. vi


Diabetes Smoking




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