Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences and
Patient Care, 8th Edition – TEST BANK
Arlene M. Adler, Richard R. Carlton & Kori L. Stewart
PART I: THE PROFESSION OF RADIOLOGIC AND IMAGING SCIENCES
Chapter 01: Introduction to Imaging and Radiologic Sciences
1. The use of x-rays to create a medical image on patients is referred to as:
a. Electrocardiography
b. Radiography
c. Sonography
d. Magnetic resonance imaging
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Radiography is defined as the making of records of internal structures of the body
by passage of x-rays or gamma rays through the body. These records or images are typically
referred to as radiographs. Electrocardiography records electrical activity of the heart,
sonography uses sound waves, and magnetic resonance imaging uses magnetic fields and
radiofrequencies—none of which involve x-rays for image creation.
2. Particular care must be taken when using radiation for medical imaging. This is the result
of radiation's ability to create __________ in human tissue and possible biochemical
changes:
a. Ionizations
b. Radio waves
c. Sound waves
d. Thermal changes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Some forms of electromagnetic energy, including x-rays, have the ability to ionize
atoms in matter. These ionizations have the ability to disrupt the composition of matter and
are capable of disrupting life processes. Special protection should be provided to prevent
excessive exposure to ionizing radiation. Radio waves, sound waves, and thermal changes do
not pose the same ionization risks.
3. In the diagnosis of patient disease states, physicians can select from an array of medical
diagnostic modalities. A few of these involve the use of ionizing energy to create a medical
,image. If a physician is concerned about the use of ionizing radiation, he or she may choose
to order any of the following diagnostic modalities EXCEPT:
a. Thermograms
b. Medical sonography
c. Radiography
d. Magnetic resonance imaging
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Radiography involves the use of x-rays for the production of medical images and
therefore uses ionizing radiation. Medical procedures such as thermograms, sonograms, and
magnetic resonance scans use nonionizing energy forms and consequently do not produce
ionizations in human tissue. They are regarded as nonionizing modalities for imaging and
offer excellent alternatives to physicians concerned about radiation exposure to patients.
4. The Greek physician Hippocrates is regarded as the father of Western medicine. All of the
following choices represent his medical beliefs EXCEPT the:
a. Use of high ethical standards of conduct
b. Important medical value of sorcery and witchcraft
c. Importance of closely monitoring a patient's condition and recovery
d. Value of diet and exercise and allowing nature to take its course in recovery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Hippocratic Corpus contains writings that emphasize rational and natural
explanations for the treatment of disease and reject sorcery and magic. The Hippocratic
Oath still governs the ethical conduct of physicians today. Hippocrates believed in high
ethical standards, close monitoring of patients, and the value of diet, exercise, and natural
recovery processes—not sorcery or witchcraft.
5. Throughout the history of medicine, remarkable achievements have been recorded. These
events have led to our current understanding of the human organism and disease. As this
research continues, much of it will most likely focus on:
a. Proper sanitation and public health
b. Immunology and the development of vaccines
c. Germ theory and infection
d. Human genes and genetic engineering
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Although the Human Genome Project is finished, analyses of the data will
continue for many years. The replacement of faulty genes through gene therapy offers
promises of cures for a variety of hereditary diseases, and through genetic engineering,
,important pharmaceuticals continue to be developed. Medical research will continue to
focus on the genetic code in all cells.
6. Wilhelm C. Roentgen's discovery of the x-ray is regarded as one of medicine's most
significant achievements. Although his discovery was accidental, his early research was so
thorough that no significant findings have been added to his original theories. One of the
most famous early images he created was an x-ray image of his:
a. Colon
b. Laboratory assistant's foot
c. Wife's hand
d. Kidneys
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: November 8, 1895, is believed by historians to be the day that Roentgen created
the famous image of the hand of his wife, Bertha. Through his investigative methods,
Roentgen identified the properties of x-rays. His methods were so thorough that no
significant additions have been made to his original theories.
7. In the radiology field, a number of imaging technologies do not employ ionizing
radiations. As a result, the profession is starting to reference a new term that includes
medical sonography and magnetic resonance imaging. This term is often referred to as:
a. X-ray
b. Diagnostic modalities
c. Imaging sciences
d. Therapeutic services
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The term "imaging sciences" has been preferred to the term "radiation" or
"radiologic sciences" in areas that use a nonionizing form of radiation, such as diagnostic
medical sonography and MRI. This reflects the evolving nature of the profession and the
incorporation of technologies that do not use ionizing radiation.
8. The application of x-rays or gamma rays for disease treatment purposes is referred to as:
a. Radiography
b. Radiation therapy
c. Nuclear medicine
d. Diagnostic imaging
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Radiation therapy involves the application of x-rays or gamma rays for the
treatment of disease, particularly cancer. While radiography and diagnostic imaging use
, radiation for diagnostic purposes, radiation therapy is specifically focused on therapeutic
applications. Nuclear medicine uses radioactive substances for both diagnosis and
treatment.
9. A radiologist is best defined as a physician who:
a. Performs only diagnostic imaging procedures
b. Specializes in the use of x-rays and other forms of radiation in diagnosis and treatment
c. Administers radiation therapy exclusively
d. Operates imaging equipment without physician supervision
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A radiologist is a physician who specializes in the use of x-rays and other forms of
both ionizing and nonionizing radiation in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. This
includes interpreting medical images and providing diagnostic information to referring
physicians.
10. Which of the following modalities uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of
internal body structures?
a. Magnetic resonance imaging
b. Computed tomography
c. Sonography
d. Nuclear medicine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sonography (ultrasound) uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of
internal body structures. It is a nonionizing modality that does not expose patients to
radiation, making it particularly useful for obstetric imaging and other applications where
radiation exposure is a concern.
11. What is the primary difference between diagnostic imaging and therapeutic imaging?
a. Diagnostic imaging uses ionizing radiation; therapeutic does not
b. Diagnostic imaging is used to identify disease; therapeutic is used to treat disease
c. Therapeutic imaging uses higher doses of radiation than diagnostic imaging
d. Therapeutic imaging requires more patient preparation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary distinction between diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications
of radiation is their purpose. Diagnostic imaging is used to identify and evaluate disease
processes, while therapeutic applications (radiation therapy) are used to treat disease,
particularly cancer. Both may use ionizing radiation, but the intent and application differ
significantly.
Patient Care, 8th Edition – TEST BANK
Arlene M. Adler, Richard R. Carlton & Kori L. Stewart
PART I: THE PROFESSION OF RADIOLOGIC AND IMAGING SCIENCES
Chapter 01: Introduction to Imaging and Radiologic Sciences
1. The use of x-rays to create a medical image on patients is referred to as:
a. Electrocardiography
b. Radiography
c. Sonography
d. Magnetic resonance imaging
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Radiography is defined as the making of records of internal structures of the body
by passage of x-rays or gamma rays through the body. These records or images are typically
referred to as radiographs. Electrocardiography records electrical activity of the heart,
sonography uses sound waves, and magnetic resonance imaging uses magnetic fields and
radiofrequencies—none of which involve x-rays for image creation.
2. Particular care must be taken when using radiation for medical imaging. This is the result
of radiation's ability to create __________ in human tissue and possible biochemical
changes:
a. Ionizations
b. Radio waves
c. Sound waves
d. Thermal changes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Some forms of electromagnetic energy, including x-rays, have the ability to ionize
atoms in matter. These ionizations have the ability to disrupt the composition of matter and
are capable of disrupting life processes. Special protection should be provided to prevent
excessive exposure to ionizing radiation. Radio waves, sound waves, and thermal changes do
not pose the same ionization risks.
3. In the diagnosis of patient disease states, physicians can select from an array of medical
diagnostic modalities. A few of these involve the use of ionizing energy to create a medical
,image. If a physician is concerned about the use of ionizing radiation, he or she may choose
to order any of the following diagnostic modalities EXCEPT:
a. Thermograms
b. Medical sonography
c. Radiography
d. Magnetic resonance imaging
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Radiography involves the use of x-rays for the production of medical images and
therefore uses ionizing radiation. Medical procedures such as thermograms, sonograms, and
magnetic resonance scans use nonionizing energy forms and consequently do not produce
ionizations in human tissue. They are regarded as nonionizing modalities for imaging and
offer excellent alternatives to physicians concerned about radiation exposure to patients.
4. The Greek physician Hippocrates is regarded as the father of Western medicine. All of the
following choices represent his medical beliefs EXCEPT the:
a. Use of high ethical standards of conduct
b. Important medical value of sorcery and witchcraft
c. Importance of closely monitoring a patient's condition and recovery
d. Value of diet and exercise and allowing nature to take its course in recovery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Hippocratic Corpus contains writings that emphasize rational and natural
explanations for the treatment of disease and reject sorcery and magic. The Hippocratic
Oath still governs the ethical conduct of physicians today. Hippocrates believed in high
ethical standards, close monitoring of patients, and the value of diet, exercise, and natural
recovery processes—not sorcery or witchcraft.
5. Throughout the history of medicine, remarkable achievements have been recorded. These
events have led to our current understanding of the human organism and disease. As this
research continues, much of it will most likely focus on:
a. Proper sanitation and public health
b. Immunology and the development of vaccines
c. Germ theory and infection
d. Human genes and genetic engineering
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Although the Human Genome Project is finished, analyses of the data will
continue for many years. The replacement of faulty genes through gene therapy offers
promises of cures for a variety of hereditary diseases, and through genetic engineering,
,important pharmaceuticals continue to be developed. Medical research will continue to
focus on the genetic code in all cells.
6. Wilhelm C. Roentgen's discovery of the x-ray is regarded as one of medicine's most
significant achievements. Although his discovery was accidental, his early research was so
thorough that no significant findings have been added to his original theories. One of the
most famous early images he created was an x-ray image of his:
a. Colon
b. Laboratory assistant's foot
c. Wife's hand
d. Kidneys
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: November 8, 1895, is believed by historians to be the day that Roentgen created
the famous image of the hand of his wife, Bertha. Through his investigative methods,
Roentgen identified the properties of x-rays. His methods were so thorough that no
significant additions have been made to his original theories.
7. In the radiology field, a number of imaging technologies do not employ ionizing
radiations. As a result, the profession is starting to reference a new term that includes
medical sonography and magnetic resonance imaging. This term is often referred to as:
a. X-ray
b. Diagnostic modalities
c. Imaging sciences
d. Therapeutic services
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The term "imaging sciences" has been preferred to the term "radiation" or
"radiologic sciences" in areas that use a nonionizing form of radiation, such as diagnostic
medical sonography and MRI. This reflects the evolving nature of the profession and the
incorporation of technologies that do not use ionizing radiation.
8. The application of x-rays or gamma rays for disease treatment purposes is referred to as:
a. Radiography
b. Radiation therapy
c. Nuclear medicine
d. Diagnostic imaging
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Radiation therapy involves the application of x-rays or gamma rays for the
treatment of disease, particularly cancer. While radiography and diagnostic imaging use
, radiation for diagnostic purposes, radiation therapy is specifically focused on therapeutic
applications. Nuclear medicine uses radioactive substances for both diagnosis and
treatment.
9. A radiologist is best defined as a physician who:
a. Performs only diagnostic imaging procedures
b. Specializes in the use of x-rays and other forms of radiation in diagnosis and treatment
c. Administers radiation therapy exclusively
d. Operates imaging equipment without physician supervision
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A radiologist is a physician who specializes in the use of x-rays and other forms of
both ionizing and nonionizing radiation in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. This
includes interpreting medical images and providing diagnostic information to referring
physicians.
10. Which of the following modalities uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of
internal body structures?
a. Magnetic resonance imaging
b. Computed tomography
c. Sonography
d. Nuclear medicine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sonography (ultrasound) uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of
internal body structures. It is a nonionizing modality that does not expose patients to
radiation, making it particularly useful for obstetric imaging and other applications where
radiation exposure is a concern.
11. What is the primary difference between diagnostic imaging and therapeutic imaging?
a. Diagnostic imaging uses ionizing radiation; therapeutic does not
b. Diagnostic imaging is used to identify disease; therapeutic is used to treat disease
c. Therapeutic imaging uses higher doses of radiation than diagnostic imaging
d. Therapeutic imaging requires more patient preparation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary distinction between diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications
of radiation is their purpose. Diagnostic imaging is used to identify and evaluate disease
processes, while therapeutic applications (radiation therapy) are used to treat disease,
particularly cancer. Both may use ionizing radiation, but the intent and application differ
significantly.
