NURS 534 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
PRACTICE TEST 2026 TESTED QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ how is ovarian cancer diagnosed?
Answer: - pelvic ultrasound
-CA 125 level (>35)
-trans vag ultrasound
- barium enema for colorectal involvement
- CT/MRI
-biopsy not recommended- may spread cells
- diagnosis made by cervical investigation
-
◉ Ovarian staging
Answer: -stage 1- confined to ovaries, 90% survival
-stage 2- involves 1 or both ovaries with pelvic extension or primary
peritoneal cancer- 40-60% survival
- stage 3- 1 or both ovaries, confirmed to spread to peritoneum
outside the pelvis, and/or metastasis to retroperitoneal lymph
nodes
-stage 4- distant mestastes
,◉ how is ovarian cancer treated?
Answer: - total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo- oophorectomy
with pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection for staging
- early stage- adjuvant chemo
-late stage- may also include intraperitoneal as well as IV chemo
- post-treatment surveillence, Q 6 month CT scan for 2 yers
◉ a 61 yo woman presents to your office for a well-women exam.
She had a normal PAP last year and no medical problems. She quit
smoking 10 years ago. She reports a family hx for cardio disease, and
is sexually active with her husband,
According to the USPSTF should this woman be screened for ovarian
cancer?
a. no, USPSTF recommends screening for Ov Ca only in
asymptomatic women 65-79.
b. yes, USPSTF reommends screening Ov Ca with transvag
ultrasound in asymptomatic women
c. no, USPSTF recommends against screening in asymptomatic
women
d. yes, USPSTF recommends screening for Ov Ca with serum Cancer
antigen 125 testing.
E. Maybe, USPSTF concluded that current evidence is insufficient to
assess the balance of benefits and hrams of screening for ov ca.
,Answer: C. USPSTF recommends against screening for Ov Ca in
asymptomatic women regardless of age or modality. harms
outweigh benefits
◉ to which of the following women does the UPSTF recommd
statement on screening for ov ca apply?
a. 45 yo asymptomatic, nulliparious, woman recently diagnosed with
hereditary breast ca and ov ca syndrome.
b. 68 yo woman with 2 year hx of lower abd pain, bloating, and
fatigue
c. 40 yo asymptomatic woman with known BRCA1 gene mutation
d. 65 yo woman with no symptoms
e 60 yo woman recently diagnosed with detectable mass in her
lower left quad
Answer: d. 65 yo woman with no symptoms
◉ screening for ov ca results in which of the following harms?
a. unecessary surgery
b. reduced compliance with other well-woman screenings
c. anxiety,
d. high false positive rate
Answer: a, d
, ◉ what are risk factors for IPV?
Answer: young age;
low level of education;
witnessing or experiencing violence as a child;
harmful use of alcohol and drugs;
personality disorders;
acceptance of violence (e.g. feeling it is acceptable for a man to beat
his partner) (10); and
past history of abusing partners
Factors consistently associated with a woman's increased likelihood
of experiencing violence by her partner(s) across different settings
include
low level of education;
exposure to violence between parents;
sexual abuse during childhood;
acceptance of violence; and
exposure to other forms of prior abuse
◉ what is the WHO's definition of domestic violence?
Answer: The intentional use of physical force or power, threatened
or actual, against oneself, another person, or group or community ,
that either results in or has high likelihood of resulting in injury or
death, psychological harm , maladjustment or deprivation.
PRACTICE TEST 2026 TESTED QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ how is ovarian cancer diagnosed?
Answer: - pelvic ultrasound
-CA 125 level (>35)
-trans vag ultrasound
- barium enema for colorectal involvement
- CT/MRI
-biopsy not recommended- may spread cells
- diagnosis made by cervical investigation
-
◉ Ovarian staging
Answer: -stage 1- confined to ovaries, 90% survival
-stage 2- involves 1 or both ovaries with pelvic extension or primary
peritoneal cancer- 40-60% survival
- stage 3- 1 or both ovaries, confirmed to spread to peritoneum
outside the pelvis, and/or metastasis to retroperitoneal lymph
nodes
-stage 4- distant mestastes
,◉ how is ovarian cancer treated?
Answer: - total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo- oophorectomy
with pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection for staging
- early stage- adjuvant chemo
-late stage- may also include intraperitoneal as well as IV chemo
- post-treatment surveillence, Q 6 month CT scan for 2 yers
◉ a 61 yo woman presents to your office for a well-women exam.
She had a normal PAP last year and no medical problems. She quit
smoking 10 years ago. She reports a family hx for cardio disease, and
is sexually active with her husband,
According to the USPSTF should this woman be screened for ovarian
cancer?
a. no, USPSTF recommends screening for Ov Ca only in
asymptomatic women 65-79.
b. yes, USPSTF reommends screening Ov Ca with transvag
ultrasound in asymptomatic women
c. no, USPSTF recommends against screening in asymptomatic
women
d. yes, USPSTF recommends screening for Ov Ca with serum Cancer
antigen 125 testing.
E. Maybe, USPSTF concluded that current evidence is insufficient to
assess the balance of benefits and hrams of screening for ov ca.
,Answer: C. USPSTF recommends against screening for Ov Ca in
asymptomatic women regardless of age or modality. harms
outweigh benefits
◉ to which of the following women does the UPSTF recommd
statement on screening for ov ca apply?
a. 45 yo asymptomatic, nulliparious, woman recently diagnosed with
hereditary breast ca and ov ca syndrome.
b. 68 yo woman with 2 year hx of lower abd pain, bloating, and
fatigue
c. 40 yo asymptomatic woman with known BRCA1 gene mutation
d. 65 yo woman with no symptoms
e 60 yo woman recently diagnosed with detectable mass in her
lower left quad
Answer: d. 65 yo woman with no symptoms
◉ screening for ov ca results in which of the following harms?
a. unecessary surgery
b. reduced compliance with other well-woman screenings
c. anxiety,
d. high false positive rate
Answer: a, d
, ◉ what are risk factors for IPV?
Answer: young age;
low level of education;
witnessing or experiencing violence as a child;
harmful use of alcohol and drugs;
personality disorders;
acceptance of violence (e.g. feeling it is acceptable for a man to beat
his partner) (10); and
past history of abusing partners
Factors consistently associated with a woman's increased likelihood
of experiencing violence by her partner(s) across different settings
include
low level of education;
exposure to violence between parents;
sexual abuse during childhood;
acceptance of violence; and
exposure to other forms of prior abuse
◉ what is the WHO's definition of domestic violence?
Answer: The intentional use of physical force or power, threatened
or actual, against oneself, another person, or group or community ,
that either results in or has high likelihood of resulting in injury or
death, psychological harm , maladjustment or deprivation.
