NURS_212_NURSING_FUNDAMENTALS_FINAL_EXAM_2026_UPDATED_QUESTIONS.pdf

NURS 212 NURSING FUNDAMENTALS FINAL
EXAM 2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS

◉ maceration
Answer: overhydration


◉ trauma
Answer: physical injury


◉ edema
Answer: swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in your body's
tissues


◉ necrosis
Answer: death of tissue


◉ wound complications
Answer: -infection
-hemorrhage
-dehiscence(wound separates) and evisceration(protrusion)

,-fistula formation


◉ Dehiscence
Answer: Bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal
wound


◉ stages of pressure ulcers
Answer: -stage1: nonblanchable erythema of intact skin
-stage2: partial-thickness skin loss
-stage3: full-thickness skin loss; not involving underlying fascia(
epidermis and dermis)
-stage4: full-thickness skin loss with extensive destruction
(epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous)
-unstageable: base of ulcer covered by slough and/or eschar in
wound bed


◉ measurement of pressure ulcer
Answer: -size of wound
-depth of wound
-presence of undermining, tunneling, or sinus tract(all on wound
bed)


◉ when measuring a wound

, Answer: measure from left to right and then top to bottom


◉ friction
Answer: occurs when two surfaces rub against each other


◉ shear
Answer: results when one layer of tissue slides over another layer


◉ pressure ulcer
Answer: wound with localized area of injury to the skin and/or
underlying tissue


◉ fistula
Answer: and abnormal passage from an internal organ or vessel to
the outside of the body or from one internal organ or vessel to
another


◉ sinus tract
Answer: a cavity or channel underneath the wound that has the
potential for infection


◉ cleaning a pressure ulcer