CHDA EXAM 1 FINAL SCRIPT PAPER 2026
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS FULL CONTENT
◉ When chronic disease became a more important cause of death in
developed countries, different epidemiologic models were
developed to study the many factors involved in the development of
these health conditions. Which of the following is an example of such
a model?
A. Person-place-time model
B. Epidemiologic triangle
C. Web of causation
D. Wheel model
Answer: C. Web of causation
-Chronic disease is marked by a complexity of relationships among
causal factors. The web of causation model illustrates the
interrelationships. The person-place-time model organized
epidemiologists' investigations of the disease pattern in the
community. The epidemiologic triangle considers the extent of the
host's exposure to the agent, the virulence of the agent, and the
host's genetic or immunological susceptibility to the agent. The
wheel model is an example of a model that stresses the multiplicity
of host and environmental interactions.
,◉ In the 1850s, a researcher studied a cholera epidemic among
people living in different sections of London. The researcher who
used epidemiologic methods to study the epidemic and used rates as
an epidemiologic tool was:
A. Joseph Lister.
B. William Farr.
C. John Snow.
D. Edward Jenner.
Answer: C. John Snow.
-John Snow is recognized as the researcher who applied
epidemiologic methods in the investigation of a cholera epidemic in
London in the 1850s. Joseph Lister is considered the pioneer of
antiseptic surgery. William Farr was a 19th century British
epidemiologist who is regarded as a founder of medical statistics.
Edward Jenner developed the smallpox vaccine.
◉ A community health nurse participating in planning programs for
the coming year considers incidence rates to better understand the
needs of the community. Which statement below is the most
accurate explanation of incidence rates?
A. New cases of a disease or condition in a community over a period
of time are included in incidence rates.
B. The number of all cases of a specific disease or condition in a
population at a given point in time relative to the population at the
same point in time is included in incidence rates.
, C. Incidence rate refers to the number of new cases of a disease in
those exposed to the disease.
D. The term incidence rate refers to the percentage of deaths in a
specific period of time from a specific cause.
Answer: A. New cases of a disease or condition in a community over
a period of time are included in incidence rates.
-Incidence rates describe the occurrence of new cases of a disease or
condition in a community during a period of time relative to the size
of the population at risk for that disease or condition during that
same time period. In calculating this rate, the numerator is the
number of new cases during the specific period of time, and the
denominator consists only of those who are at risk for developing
the disease or condition during the specific period of time. A
prevalence rate is the number of all cases of a specific disease or
condition in a population at a given point in time relative to the
population at the same point in time. Attack rates document the
number of new cases of a disease in those exposed to the disease.
The percentage of deaths in a specific period of time from a specific
cause refers to the mortality rate.
◉ An epidemic is occurring in a public health nurse's community,
and the nurse is working with the epidemiologist and other health
professionals seeking to identify the causative agent. What phrase
best describes such efforts?
A. Cohort study
B. Descriptive epidemiology
C. Point prevalence study
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS FULL CONTENT
◉ When chronic disease became a more important cause of death in
developed countries, different epidemiologic models were
developed to study the many factors involved in the development of
these health conditions. Which of the following is an example of such
a model?
A. Person-place-time model
B. Epidemiologic triangle
C. Web of causation
D. Wheel model
Answer: C. Web of causation
-Chronic disease is marked by a complexity of relationships among
causal factors. The web of causation model illustrates the
interrelationships. The person-place-time model organized
epidemiologists' investigations of the disease pattern in the
community. The epidemiologic triangle considers the extent of the
host's exposure to the agent, the virulence of the agent, and the
host's genetic or immunological susceptibility to the agent. The
wheel model is an example of a model that stresses the multiplicity
of host and environmental interactions.
,◉ In the 1850s, a researcher studied a cholera epidemic among
people living in different sections of London. The researcher who
used epidemiologic methods to study the epidemic and used rates as
an epidemiologic tool was:
A. Joseph Lister.
B. William Farr.
C. John Snow.
D. Edward Jenner.
Answer: C. John Snow.
-John Snow is recognized as the researcher who applied
epidemiologic methods in the investigation of a cholera epidemic in
London in the 1850s. Joseph Lister is considered the pioneer of
antiseptic surgery. William Farr was a 19th century British
epidemiologist who is regarded as a founder of medical statistics.
Edward Jenner developed the smallpox vaccine.
◉ A community health nurse participating in planning programs for
the coming year considers incidence rates to better understand the
needs of the community. Which statement below is the most
accurate explanation of incidence rates?
A. New cases of a disease or condition in a community over a period
of time are included in incidence rates.
B. The number of all cases of a specific disease or condition in a
population at a given point in time relative to the population at the
same point in time is included in incidence rates.
, C. Incidence rate refers to the number of new cases of a disease in
those exposed to the disease.
D. The term incidence rate refers to the percentage of deaths in a
specific period of time from a specific cause.
Answer: A. New cases of a disease or condition in a community over
a period of time are included in incidence rates.
-Incidence rates describe the occurrence of new cases of a disease or
condition in a community during a period of time relative to the size
of the population at risk for that disease or condition during that
same time period. In calculating this rate, the numerator is the
number of new cases during the specific period of time, and the
denominator consists only of those who are at risk for developing
the disease or condition during the specific period of time. A
prevalence rate is the number of all cases of a specific disease or
condition in a population at a given point in time relative to the
population at the same point in time. Attack rates document the
number of new cases of a disease in those exposed to the disease.
The percentage of deaths in a specific period of time from a specific
cause refers to the mortality rate.
◉ An epidemic is occurring in a public health nurse's community,
and the nurse is working with the epidemiologist and other health
professionals seeking to identify the causative agent. What phrase
best describes such efforts?
A. Cohort study
B. Descriptive epidemiology
C. Point prevalence study
